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Guo W, Xie B, Jiang M, Zhu XJ, Qiu M, Dai ZM. An improved overlap extension PCR for simultaneous multiple sites large fragments insertion, deletion and substitution. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15637. [PMID: 31666610 PMCID: PMC6821815 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52122-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The existing molecular cloning methods are often limited by the availability of suitable restriction sites. It is still a challenge for simultaneous cloning of multiple fragments into different sites of a single vector. Here we developed a novel method named improved overlap extension PCR (IOEP) for restriction enzyme independent cloning of large fragments. The addition of primers enables IOEP to exponentially amplify the overlap extension product, thus greatly improves the amplification efficiency of large fragments. Moreover, coupled with the benefit of T4 DNA polymerase to improve cloning efficiency, our method can be used to simultaneously insert, delete and replace multiple DNA fragments at different sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, P.R. China.,Institute of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration of Zhejiang Province, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 16 Xuelin Street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310036, P.R. China
| | - Binhua Xie
- Institute of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration of Zhejiang Province, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 16 Xuelin Street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310036, P.R. China
| | - Min Jiang
- Institute of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration of Zhejiang Province, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 16 Xuelin Street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310036, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Jing Zhu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration of Zhejiang Province, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 16 Xuelin Street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310036, P.R. China
| | - Mengsheng Qiu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, P.R. China. .,Institute of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration of Zhejiang Province, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 16 Xuelin Street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310036, P.R. China.
| | - Zhong-Min Dai
- Institute of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration of Zhejiang Province, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 16 Xuelin Street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310036, P.R. China.
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2
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Sun S, Zhu XJ, Huang H, Guo W, Tang T, Xie B, Xu X, Zhang Z, Shen Y, Dai ZM, Qiu M. WNT signaling represses astrogliogenesis via Ngn2-dependent direct suppression of astrocyte gene expression. Glia 2019; 67:1333-1343. [PMID: 30889310 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) are sequentially specified into neurons and glia during the development of central nervous system. WNT/β-catenin signaling is known to regulate the balance between the proliferation and differentiation of NPCs during neurogenesis. However, the function of WNT/β-catenin signaling during gliogenesis remains poorly defined. Here, we report that activation of WNT/β-catenin signaling disrupts astrogliogenesis in the developing spinal cord. Conversely, inhibition of WNT/β-catenin signaling leads to precocious astrogliogenesis. Further analysis reveals that activation of WNT/β-catenin pathway results in a dramatic increase of neurogenin 2 (Ngn2) expression in transgenic mice, and knockdown of Ngn2 expression in neural precursor cells can reverse the inhibitory effect of WNT/β-catenin on astrocytic differentiation. Moreover, Ngn2 can directly bind to the promoters of several astrocyte specific genes and suppress their expression independent of STATs activity. Together, our studies provide the first in vivo evidence that WNT/β-catenin signaling inhibits early astrogliogenesis via an Ngn2-dependent transcriptional repression mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhui Sun
- Institute of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration of Zhejiang Province, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, PR China.,College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiao-Jing Zhu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration of Zhejiang Province, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Hao Huang
- Institute of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration of Zhejiang Province, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Wei Guo
- Institute of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration of Zhejiang Province, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, PR China.,College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Tao Tang
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Binghua Xie
- Institute of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration of Zhejiang Province, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Xu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration of Zhejiang Province, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Zunyi Zhang
- Institute of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration of Zhejiang Province, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Ying Shen
- Department of Neurobiology, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Ministry of Health, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhong-Min Dai
- Institute of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration of Zhejiang Province, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Mengsheng Qiu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration of Zhejiang Province, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, PR China.,College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
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3
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Zeng F, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Malik AA, Lin Y. Multiple-site fragment deletion, insertion and substitution mutagenesis by modified overlap extension PCR. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2017.1279033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fanli Zeng
- College of Life Sciences, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, P.R. China
- Biophysics Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School, and Center of Biophysics, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yujie Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, P.R. China
| | - Ze Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, P.R. China
| | - Asrar Ahmad Malik
- Biophysics Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School, and Center of Biophysics, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yibin Lin
- Biophysics Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School, and Center of Biophysics, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Membrane Biology, The University of Texas Houston Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
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