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Skrahina V, Grittner U, Beetz C, Skripuletz T, Juenemann M, Krämer HH, Hahn K, Rieth A, Schaechinger V, Patten M, Tanislav C, Achenbach S, Assmus B, Knebel F, Gingele S, Skrahin A, Hartkamp J, Förster TM, Roesner S, Pereira C, Rolfs A. Hereditary transthyretin-related amyloidosis is frequent in polyneuropathy and cardiomyopathy of no obvious aetiology. Ann Med 2021; 53:1787-1796. [PMID: 34658264 PMCID: PMC8525987 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2021.1988696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hereditary Transthyretin-Related Amyloidosis, a clinically heterogeneous autosomal dominant disease caused by pathogenic variants in the TTR gene, is characterized by the deposition of insoluble misfolded protein fibrils. The diagnosis, especially in non-endemic areas, is typically delayed by 4-5 years; a misdiagnosis due to clinical heterogeneity is common. The study objective was to define the prevalence of Hereditary Transthyretin-Related Amyloidosis in patients with polyneuropathy and/or cardiomyopathy of no obvious aetiology. METHOD A multicenter observational "Epidemiological analysis for the hereditary Transthyretin-Related AMyloidosis"-TRAM study was performed in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. RESULTS A total of 5141 participants were recruited by 50 neurologic and 27 cardiologic specialized centres. Genetic analysis demonstrated a 1.1% Hereditary Transthyretin-Related Amyloidosis positivity rate among patients with polyneuropathy and/or cardiomyopathy of not obvious aetiology. Twenty-one various TTR variants (TTR-positive) were identified. Body Mass Index was lower in the TTR-positive patients as an indicator for the involvement of the autonomic nervous system; the age of onset of clinical manifestations was higher in TTR-positive patients. There were no other genotype-phenotype correlations or the prevalence of specific clinical manifestations in TTR-positive patients. CONCLUSIONS Our data support the fact that Hereditary Transthyretin-Related Amyloidosis is underdiagnosed in polyneuropathy and cardiomyopathy patients. Routine implementation of genetic testing is recommended in patients with unexplained polyneuropathy and/or cardiomyopathy to accelerate the earlier diagnosis and the time-sensitive treatment initiation.KEY MESSAGESMore than 5.000 participants with CM and/or PNP of no obvious aetiology were recruited in the observational "Epidemiological analysis for the hereditary Transthyretin-Related AMyloidosis" TRAM study and screened for pathogenic TTR variants.The study demonstrated >1% of patients with CM and/or PNP of unclear aetiology are positive for a pathogenic TTR variant.Routine genetic testing is recommended in patients with unexplained CM and/or PNP to accelerate the initial diagnosis and timely treatment initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ulrike Grittner
- CENTOGENE GmbH, Rostock, Germany
- Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Martin Juenemann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Giessen, Germany
| | - Heidrun H. Krämer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Giessen, Germany
| | - Katrin Hahn
- Department of Neurology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Rieth
- Department of Cardiology, Kerckhoff Heart and Lung Center, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | | | - Monica Patten
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Tanislav
- Department of Neurology, Evangelisches Jung Stilling Krankenhaus GmbH, Siegen, Germany
| | - Stephan Achenbach
- Department of Cardiology, Erlangen University Hospital, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Birgit Assmus
- Division of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Giessen, Germany
| | - Fabian Knebel
- Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Medizinische Klinik mit Schwerpunkt Kardiologie und Angiologie, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Gingele
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Arndt Rolfs
- CENTOGENE GmbH, Rostock, Germany
- University Medicine, University Rostock, Rostock, Germany
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Pras A, Houben B, Aprile FA, Seinstra R, Gallardo R, Janssen L, Hogewerf W, Gallrein C, De Vleeschouwer M, Mata‐Cabana A, Koopman M, Stroo E, de Vries M, Louise Edwards S, Kirstein J, Vendruscolo M, Falsone SF, Rousseau F, Schymkowitz J, Nollen EAA. The cellular modifier MOAG-4/SERF drives amyloid formation through charge complementation. EMBO J 2021; 40:e107568. [PMID: 34617299 PMCID: PMC8561633 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020107568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
While aggregation-prone proteins are known to accelerate aging and cause age-related diseases, the cellular mechanisms that drive their cytotoxicity remain unresolved. The orthologous proteins MOAG-4, SERF1A, and SERF2 have recently been identified as cellular modifiers of such proteotoxicity. Using a peptide array screening approach on human amyloidogenic proteins, we found that SERF2 interacted with protein segments enriched in negatively charged and hydrophobic, aromatic amino acids. The absence of such segments, or the neutralization of the positive charge in SERF2, prevented these interactions and abolished the amyloid-promoting activity of SERF2. In protein aggregation models in the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans, protein aggregation and toxicity were suppressed by mutating the endogenous locus of MOAG-4 to neutralize charge. Our data indicate that MOAG-4 and SERF2 drive protein aggregation and toxicity by interactions with negatively charged segments in aggregation-prone proteins. Such charge interactions might accelerate primary nucleation of amyloid by initiating structural changes and by decreasing colloidal stability. Our study points at charge interactions between cellular modifiers and amyloidogenic proteins as potential targets for interventions to reduce age-related protein toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Pras
- European Research Institute for the Biology of AgeingUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Centre GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Bert Houben
- VIB‐KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease ResearchLeuvenBelgium
- Switch LaboratoryDepartment of Cellular and Molecular MedicineKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Francesco A Aprile
- Department of ChemistryCentre for Misfolding DiseasesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Present address:
Department of ChemistryMolecular Sciences Research HubImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Renée Seinstra
- European Research Institute for the Biology of AgeingUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Centre GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Rodrigo Gallardo
- VIB‐KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease ResearchLeuvenBelgium
- Switch LaboratoryDepartment of Cellular and Molecular MedicineKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Present address:
Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular BiologySchool of Molecular and Cellular BiologyUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Leen Janssen
- European Research Institute for the Biology of AgeingUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Centre GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Wytse Hogewerf
- European Research Institute for the Biology of AgeingUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Centre GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Christian Gallrein
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Cell BiologyLeibniz Research Institute for Molecular Pharmacology im Forschungsverbund Berlin e.V. (FMP)BerlinGermany
| | - Matthias De Vleeschouwer
- VIB‐KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease ResearchLeuvenBelgium
- Switch LaboratoryDepartment of Cellular and Molecular MedicineKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Alejandro Mata‐Cabana
- European Research Institute for the Biology of AgeingUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Centre GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Mandy Koopman
- European Research Institute for the Biology of AgeingUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Centre GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Esther Stroo
- European Research Institute for the Biology of AgeingUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Centre GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Minke de Vries
- European Research Institute for the Biology of AgeingUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Centre GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Samantha Louise Edwards
- European Research Institute for the Biology of AgeingUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Centre GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Janine Kirstein
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Cell BiologyLeibniz Research Institute for Molecular Pharmacology im Forschungsverbund Berlin e.V. (FMP)BerlinGermany
- Faculty of Biology & ChemistryUniversity of BremenBremenGermany
| | - Michele Vendruscolo
- Department of ChemistryCentre for Misfolding DiseasesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | | | - Frederic Rousseau
- VIB‐KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease ResearchLeuvenBelgium
- Switch LaboratoryDepartment of Cellular and Molecular MedicineKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Joost Schymkowitz
- VIB‐KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease ResearchLeuvenBelgium
- Switch LaboratoryDepartment of Cellular and Molecular MedicineKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Ellen A A Nollen
- European Research Institute for the Biology of AgeingUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Centre GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
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The discovery and development of transthyretin amyloidogenesis inhibitors: what are the lessons? Future Med Chem 2021; 13:2083-2105. [PMID: 34633220 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2021-0248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Transthyretin (TTR) is associated with several human amyloid diseases. Various kinetic stabilizers have been developed to inhibit the dissociation of TTR tetramer and the formation of amyloid fibrils. Most of them are bisaryl derivatives, natural flavonoids, crown ethers and carborans. In this review article, we focus on TTR tetramer stabilizers, genetic therapeutic approaches and fibril remodelers. The binding modes of typical bisaryl derivatives, natural flavonoids, crown ethers and carborans are discussed. Based on knowledge of the binding of thyroxine to TTR tetramer, many stabilizers have been screened to dock into the thyroxine binding sites, leading to TTR tetramer stabilization. Particularly, those stabilizers with unique binding profiles have shown great potential in developing the therapeutic management of TTR amyloidogenesis.
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Variable Presentation of Hereditary Transthyretin-Mediated Amyloidosis at a Single Center. J Clin Neuromuscul Dis 2021; 23:7-17. [PMID: 34431796 DOI: 10.1097/cnd.0000000000000356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Describe atypical presentations of hereditary transthyretin-mediated (hATTR) amyloidosis with polyneuropathy. METHODS Initial symptoms, diagnoses, and follow-up were recorded at the Austin Neuromuscular Center for 12 patients with nonclassical presentation of hATTR amyloidosis. RESULTS Common initial symptoms were hand and/or feet sensory manifestations (83%), muscle weakness (58%), and, less frequently, gastrointestinal and orthostatic impairment and carpal tunnel syndrome. Initial diagnoses were polyneuropathy (83%) and/or myopathy (25%). During follow-up, 10 patients (83%) developed cardiac symptoms (dyspnea, 67% and ankle edema, 17%), resulting in revised diagnoses of heart disease. Multisystem involvement raised suspicion of amyloidosis, which was confirmed by biopsy or nuclear scintigraphy, and genetic testing. All patients had polyneuropathy; 8 (67%) had cardiomyopathy-associated transthyretin mutations (V122I or T60A). Time from symptom onset to diagnosis was up to 10 years (median 5 years), during which patients' health deteriorated, although with recognition of disease signs/symptoms the diagnosis of hATTR amyloidosis was made in approximately 2-6 months from presentation at our center. CONCLUSIONS Increased awareness of the diverse initial hATTR amyloidosis symptoms could shorten time to diagnosis, enabling earlier treatment and improved patient outcomes.
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