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Choudhury RR, Gupta H, Bhushan S, Singh A, Roy A, Saini N. Role of miR-128-3p and miR-195-5p as biomarkers of coronary artery disease in Indians: a pilot study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11881. [PMID: 38789551 PMCID: PMC11126699 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61077-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) imposes a significant economic burden in developing countries like India. Timely diagnosis and treatment should be prioritized to mitigate the disease. Current diagnostic tools being invasive and less specific raise the need to develop less invasive and more reliable molecular biomarkers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an emerging class of molecules that can serve as a potential source of non-invasive biomarkers for CAD. The objective of this study was to determine the potential of circulatory miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers in CAD. In this study, we have reported two microRNAs, miR-128-3p and miR-195-5p in the serum of CAD patients in Indian Population. A total of 124 subjects were recruited which included 89 angiographically proven CAD patients and 35 control subjects. Our results show a significant decrease in the levels of miR-128-3p in CAD patients while there were no significant changes in the levels of miR-195-5p. Further bioinformatics analysis revealed the potential role of miR-128-3p in cholesterol homeostasis. Altered homeostasis due to cholesterol accumulation in macrophages is the driving force behind formation of foam cells which in turn accelerates the progression of CAD. Here, we have shown that miR-128-3p increases cholesterol levels in macrophages by decreasing cholesterol efflux in-vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Rajeshwar Choudhury
- Functional Genomics Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Mall Road, 110007, Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Harshi Gupta
- Functional Genomics Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Mall Road, 110007, Delhi, India
| | - Sudha Bhushan
- Department of Cardiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Archna Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Ambuj Roy
- Department of Cardiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Neeru Saini
- Functional Genomics Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Mall Road, 110007, Delhi, India.
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Eshraghi R, Rafiei M, Hadian Jazi Z, Shafie D, Raisi A, Mirzaei H. MicroRNA-155 and exosomal microRNA-155: Small pieces in the cardiovascular diseases puzzle. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 257:155274. [PMID: 38626659 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs, miRNAs) are known to have a part in various human illnesses, such as those related to the heart. One particular miRNA, miR-155, has been extensively studied and has been found to be involved in hematopoietic lineage differentiation, immunity, viral infections, inflammation, as well as vascular remodeling. These processes have all been connected to cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure, diabetic heart disease, coronary artery disease, and abdominal aortic aneurysm. The impacts of miR-155 depend on the type of cell it is acting on and the specific target genes involved, resulting in different mechanisms of disease. Although, the exact part of miR-155 in cardiovascular illnesses is yet not fully comprehended, as some studies have shown it to promote the development of atherosclerosis while others have shown it to prevent it. As a result, to comprehend the underlying processes of miR-155 in cardiovascular disorders, further thorough study is required. It has been discovered that exosomes that could be absorbed by adjacent or distant cells, control post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression by focusing on mRNA. Exosomal miRNAs have been found to have a range of functions, including participating in inflammatory reactions, cell movement, growth, death, autophagy, as well as epithelial-mesenchymal transition. An increasing amount of research indicates that exosomal miRNAs are important for cardiovascular health and have a major role in the development of a number of cardiovascular disorders, including pulmonary hypertension, atherosclerosis, acute coronary syndrome, heart failure, and myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Herein the role of miR-155 and its exosomal form in heart diseases are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Eshraghi
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Moein Rafiei
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Zahra Hadian Jazi
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Davood Shafie
- Cardiology/Heart Failure and Transplantation, Heart Failure Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Arash Raisi
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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Kazemi Asl S, Rahimzadegan M, Kazemi Asl A. Pharmacogenomics-based systematic review of coronary artery disease based on personalized medicine procedure. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28983. [PMID: 38601677 PMCID: PMC11004819 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common reason for mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) lost globally. This study aimed to suggest a new gene list for the treatment of CAD by a systematic review of bioinformatics analyses of pharmacogenomics impacts of potential genes and variants. Methods PubMed search was filtered by the title including Coronary Artery Disease during 2020-2023. To find the genes with pharmacogenetic impact on the CAD, additional filtrations were considered according to the variant annotations. Protein-Protein Interactions (PPIs), Gene-miRNA Interactions (GMIs), Protein-Drug Interactions (PDIs), and variant annotation assessments (VAAs) performed by STRING-MODEL (ver. 12), Cytoscape (ver. 3.10), miRTargetLink.2., NetworkAnalyst (ver 0.3.0), and PharmGKB. Results Results revealed 5618 publications, 1290 papers were qualified, and finally, 650 papers were included. 4608 protein-coding genes were extracted, among them, 1432 unique genes were distinguished and 530 evidence-based repeated genes remained. 71 genes showed a pharmacogenetics-related variant annotation in at least (entirely 6331 annotations). Variant annotation assessment (VAA) showed 532 potential variants for the final report, and finally, the concluding PGs list represented 175 variants. Based on the function and MAF, 57 nonsynonymous variants of 29 Pharmacogenomics-related genes were associated with CAD. Conclusion Conclusively, evaluating circulating miR33a in individuals' plasma with CAD, and genotyping of rs2230806, rs2230808, rs2487032, rs12003906, rs2472507, rs2515629, and rs4149297 (ABCA1 variants) lead to precisely prescribing of well-known drugs. Also, the findings of this review can be used in both whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and whole-exome sequencing (WES) analysis in the prognosis and diagnosis of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siamak Kazemi Asl
- Deputy of Education, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Rahimzadegan
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Kazemi Asl
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Wu Y, Zhang W, Wang Y, Lu Q, Zhou J, Chen Z, Yang Z, Loor JJ. Molecular mechanisms in the miR-33a/LPPR4 pathway regulating unsaturated fatty acid synthesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:2636-2648. [PMID: 35984635 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2022.2111308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The regulatory mechanisms governing metabolism of fatty acids in cow mammary gland are crucial for establishing relationships between milk quality and fatty acid content. Both, microRNAs (miRNAs) and protein-coding genes are important factors involved in the regulation of milk fat synthesis. In this study, high-throughput sequencing of miRNAs and mRNAs in bovine mammary gland tissue was performed during peak lactation (3 samples) and late lactation (3 samples) periods to characterize expression profiles. Differential expression (DE) analyses of miRNA and mRNA and miRNA-mRNA regulatory pathway screening were performed. Two-hundred eighty regulatory miRNA-mRNA pairs were identified, including the miR-33a-lipid phosphate phosphatase-related protein type 4 (LPPR4) pathway. Bioinformatics prediction, dual-luciferase reporter system detection, qRT-PCR, and Western blotting revealed that miR-33a can directly target LPPR4 and inhibit its expression. Experiments also revealed that miR-33a promotes the synthesis of triglycerides and increases the content of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs). These results indicate that miR-33a via LPPR4 plays an important role in the regulation of milk fat synthesis and UFA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanni Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Guangdong Haid Group Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qinyue Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jingpeng Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhangping Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Juan J Loor
- Mammalian Nutrition Physiology Genomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
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Goncalves BDS, Meadows A, Pereira DG, Puri R, Pillai SS. Insight into the Inter-Organ Crosstalk and Prognostic Role of Liver-Derived MicroRNAs in Metabolic Disease Progression. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1597. [PMID: 37371692 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysfunctional hepatic metabolism has been linked to numerous diseases, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, the most common chronic liver disorder worldwide, which can progress to hepatic fibrosis, and is closely associated with insulin resistance and cardiovascular diseases. In addition, the liver secretes a wide array of metabolites, biomolecules, and microRNAs (miRNAs) and many of these secreted factors exert significant effects on metabolic processes both in the liver and in peripheral tissues. In this review, we summarize the involvement of liver-derived miRNAs in biological processes with an emphasis on delineating the communication between the liver and other tissues associated with metabolic disease progression. Furthermore, the review identifies the primary molecular targets by which miRNAs act. These consolidated findings from numerous studies provide insight into the underlying mechanism of various metabolic disease progression and suggest the possibility of using circulatory miRNAs as prognostic predictors and therapeutic targets for improving clinical intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno de Souza Goncalves
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA
| | - Avery Meadows
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA
| | - Duane G Pereira
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA
| | - Raghav Puri
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA
| | - Sneha S Pillai
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA
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Szydełko J, Matyjaszek-Matuszek B. MicroRNAs as Biomarkers for Coronary Artery Disease Related to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus-From Pathogenesis to Potential Clinical Application. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010616. [PMID: 36614057 PMCID: PMC9820734 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease with still growing incidence among adults and young people worldwide. Patients with T2DM are more susceptible to developing coronary artery disease (CAD) than non-diabetic individuals. The currently used diagnostic methods do not ensure the detection of CAD at an early stage. Thus, extensive research on non-invasive, blood-based biomarkers is necessary to avoid life-threatening events. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, endogenous, non-coding RNAs that are stable in human body fluids and easily detectable. A number of reports have highlighted that the aberrant expression of miRNAs may impair the diversity of signaling pathways underlying the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, which is a key player linking T2DM with CAD. The preclinical evidence suggests the atheroprotective and atherogenic influence of miRNAs on every step of T2DM-induced atherogenesis, including endothelial dysfunction, endothelial to mesenchymal transition, macrophage activation, vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation/migration, platelet hyperactivity, and calcification. Among the 122 analyzed miRNAs, 14 top miRNAs appear to be the most consistently dysregulated in T2DM and CAD, whereas 10 miRNAs are altered in T2DM, CAD, and T2DM-CAD patients. This up-to-date overview aims to discuss the role of miRNAs in the development of diabetic CAD, emphasizing their potential clinical usefulness as novel, non-invasive biomarkers and therapeutic targets for T2DM individuals with a predisposition to undergo CAD.
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Factors influencing circulating microRNAs as biomarkers for liver diseases. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:4999-5016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07170-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Cao R, Sun T, Xu R, Zheng J, Wang H, Wang X, Bai Y, Ye P. Effect of Xuezhikang Therapy on Expression of Pulmonary Hypertension Related miR-638 in Patients With Low HDL-C Levels. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:764046. [PMID: 34987392 PMCID: PMC8721165 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.764046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Low plasma level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) associated with poor outcomes in several cardiovascular diseases, including pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Regulation of miR-638 have been proved to be associated with PAH. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of miR-638 after Xuezhikang (XZK) therapy in patients with low HDL-C. Methods: Plasma levels of miR-638 were quantified by real-time polymerase chain reactions in 20 patients with PAH and 30 healthy controls. A total of 40 subjects with low HDL-C were assigned to receive an XZK therapy for 6 months. The miR-638 expression profiles were detected in PAH patients, XZK-treated subjects and lovastatin treated pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PA-SMCs). Results: The relative expression level of miR-638 in the plasma was lower in the PAH patients than that in the controls (p < 0.001). An increase of 11.2% from baseline in the HDL-C level was found after XZK therapy (p < 0.001). The relative expression of miR-638 was increased after XZK treatment (p < 0.01). The changes of miR-638 were inversely associated with baseline HDL-C levels. A significantly reduction in miR-638 expression were found in PDGF-BB-treated hPA-SMCs compared to the control cells, and the pre-treatment of the cells with lovastatin significantly re-gain the expression levels in miR-638. Conclusion: In patients with low HDL-C levels, XZK therapy raised the expression of miR-638, suggesting that the potential therapeutic effect of XZK in PAH patients with low serum HDL-C levels deserves further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihua Cao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruyi Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaona Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yongyi Bai
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Chronic Heart Failure, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yongyi Bai, ; Ping Ye,
| | - Ping Ye
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yongyi Bai, ; Ping Ye,
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Rozhkova AV, Dmitrieva VG, Nosova EV, Dergunov AD, Limborska SA, Dergunova LV. Genomic Variants and Multilevel Regulation of ABCA1, ABCG1, and SCARB1 Expression in Atherogenesis. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2021; 8:jcdd8120170. [PMID: 34940525 PMCID: PMC8707585 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd8120170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Atheroprotective properties of human plasma high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) are determined by their involvement in reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) from the macrophage to the liver. ABCA1, ABCG1, and SR-BI cholesterol transporters are involved in cholesterol efflux from macrophages to lipid-free ApoA-I and HDL as a first RCT step. Molecular determinants of RCT efficiency that may possess diagnostic and therapeutic meaning remain largely unknown. This review summarizes the progress in studying the genomic variants of ABCA1, ABCG1, and SCARB1, and the regulation of their function at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels in atherosclerosis. Defects in the structure and function of ABCA1, ABCG1, and SR-BI are caused by changes in the gene sequence, such as single nucleotide polymorphism or various mutations. In the transcription initiation of transporter genes, in addition to transcription factors, long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), transcription activators, and repressors are also involved. Furthermore, transcription is substantially influenced by the methylation of gene promoter regions. Post-transcriptional regulation involves microRNAs and lncRNAs, including circular RNAs. The potential biomarkers and targets for atheroprotection, based on molecular mechanisms of expression regulation for three transporter genes, are also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra V. Rozhkova
- Department of Molecular Bases of Human Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.R.); (V.G.D.); (E.V.N.); (S.A.L.); (L.V.D.)
| | - Veronika G. Dmitrieva
- Department of Molecular Bases of Human Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.R.); (V.G.D.); (E.V.N.); (S.A.L.); (L.V.D.)
| | - Elena V. Nosova
- Department of Molecular Bases of Human Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.R.); (V.G.D.); (E.V.N.); (S.A.L.); (L.V.D.)
| | - Alexander D. Dergunov
- Laboratory of Structural Fundamentals of Lipoprotein Metabolism, National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, 101990 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Svetlana A. Limborska
- Department of Molecular Bases of Human Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.R.); (V.G.D.); (E.V.N.); (S.A.L.); (L.V.D.)
| | - Liudmila V. Dergunova
- Department of Molecular Bases of Human Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.R.); (V.G.D.); (E.V.N.); (S.A.L.); (L.V.D.)
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Zhang Y, Wang H, Xia Y. The expression of miR-211-5p in atherosclerosis and its influence on diagnosis and prognosis. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2021; 21:371. [PMID: 34340677 PMCID: PMC8330028 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-021-02187-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic significance of miR-211-5p in atherosclerosis (AS) by detecting the expression level in serum of patients with AS. METHODS A total of 85 healthy controls and 90 asymptomatic AS patients participated in this study. The expression level of miR-211-5p in all subjects were measured by qRT-PCR. Spearman correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the correlation of miR-211-5p with CRP and CIMT. The ROC curve was established to assess the diagnostic value of miR-211-5p in AS. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve and multivariate COX regression analysis were used to evaluate the prognostic significance of miR-211-5p in AS. RESULTS The expression levels of miR-211-5p in AS patients were significantly lower than in healthy controls (P < 0.001), and miR-211-5p showed a significant negative correlation with CRP (r = - 0.639, P < 0.001) and CIMT (r = - 0.730, P < 0.001). The AUC of the ROC curve was 0.900, the specificity and the sensitivity were 84.7% and 78.9%, respectively, which indicating that miR-211-5p had diagnostic value for AS. Survival analysis showed that patients with low miR-211-5p expression were more likely to have cardiovascular end-point events (Log rank P = 0.013). CONCLUSION Serum miR-211-5p could be used as a new biomarker for the diagnosis of AS, and the low expression of miR-211-5p is associated with the poor prognosis of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Zhang
- Department of Health Comprehensive Geriatrics, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, No. 4138, Linglongshan Road, Weifang, 262500, Shandong, China.
| | - Huiyun Wang
- Department of Health Comprehensive Geriatrics, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, No. 4138, Linglongshan Road, Weifang, 262500, Shandong, China
| | - Yu Xia
- Department of Health Comprehensive Geriatrics, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, No. 4138, Linglongshan Road, Weifang, 262500, Shandong, China
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Medina-Leyte DJ, Zepeda-García O, Domínguez-Pérez M, González-Garrido A, Villarreal-Molina T, Jacobo-Albavera L. Endothelial Dysfunction, Inflammation and Coronary Artery Disease: Potential Biomarkers and Promising Therapeutical Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22083850. [PMID: 33917744 PMCID: PMC8068178 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) and its complications are the leading cause of death worldwide. Inflammatory activation and dysfunction of the endothelium are key events in the development and pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and are associated with an elevated risk of cardiovascular events. There is great interest to further understand the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis progression, and to identify novel biomarkers and therapeutic strategies to prevent endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerosis and to reduce the risk of developing CAD and its complications. The use of liquid biopsies and new molecular biology techniques have allowed the identification of a growing list of molecular and cellular markers of endothelial dysfunction, which have provided insight on the molecular basis of atherosclerosis and are potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the prevention and or treatment of atherosclerosis and CAD. This review describes recent information on normal vascular endothelium function, as well as traditional and novel potential biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and inflammation, and pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapeutic strategies aimed to protect the endothelium or reverse endothelial damage, as a preventive treatment for CAD and related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Jhoseline Medina-Leyte
- Genomics of Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico; (D.J.M.-L.); (O.Z.-G.); (M.D.-P.); (A.G.-G.); (T.V.-M.)
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Coyoacán, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Oscar Zepeda-García
- Genomics of Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico; (D.J.M.-L.); (O.Z.-G.); (M.D.-P.); (A.G.-G.); (T.V.-M.)
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Coyoacán, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Mayra Domínguez-Pérez
- Genomics of Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico; (D.J.M.-L.); (O.Z.-G.); (M.D.-P.); (A.G.-G.); (T.V.-M.)
| | - Antonia González-Garrido
- Genomics of Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico; (D.J.M.-L.); (O.Z.-G.); (M.D.-P.); (A.G.-G.); (T.V.-M.)
| | - Teresa Villarreal-Molina
- Genomics of Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico; (D.J.M.-L.); (O.Z.-G.); (M.D.-P.); (A.G.-G.); (T.V.-M.)
| | - Leonor Jacobo-Albavera
- Genomics of Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico; (D.J.M.-L.); (O.Z.-G.); (M.D.-P.); (A.G.-G.); (T.V.-M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-5350-1900
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Zhang X, Zhao H, Sheng Q, Liu X, You W, Lin H, Liu G. Regulation of microRNA-33, SREBP and ABCA1 genes in a mouse model of high cholesterol. Arch Anim Breed 2021; 64:103-108. [PMID: 34084908 PMCID: PMC8160998 DOI: 10.5194/aab-64-103-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression. Several microRNAs, useful for coronary artery disease assessment, have previously been identified. MicroRNA-33 is located within SREBP introns and controls cholesterol homeostasis. In order to find the possibility of microRNA-33 as a potential biomarker in high cholesterol disease, we developed a mouse model for coronary heart disease by feeding mice with a high-fat diet. The expression differences of microRNA-33, SREBP and ABCA1 genes in the liver, muscle, and lipid tissues were compared between a high-cholesterol group and control group in mice. The results showed that ABCA1 was up-regulated by high cholesterol conditions in liver, muscle and lipid tissues. SREBP1C was up-regulated by high cholesterol conditions in the liver and lipid tissues and down-regulated by high cholesterol conditions in the muscle tissue. MicroRNA-33 and SREBP2 were down-regulated by high cholesterol conditions in the liver and muscle tissues and up-regulated by high cholesterol conditions in the lipid tissue. Our study suggests that antisense therapeutic targeting of microRNA-33 may be a potential biomarker for cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglun Zhang
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.,Shandong Key Lab of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Jinan, China
| | - Hongbo Zhao
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.,Shandong Key Lab of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Jinan, China
| | - Qingkai Sheng
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.,Shandong Key Lab of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaomu Liu
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.,Shandong Key Lab of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Jinan, China
| | - Wei You
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.,Shandong Key Lab of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Jinan, China
| | - Haichao Lin
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.,Shandong Key Lab of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Jinan, China
| | - Guifen Liu
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.,Shandong Key Lab of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Jinan, China
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13
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Circulating Exosomal miRNAs as Novel Biomarkers for Stable Coronary Artery Disease. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:3593962. [PMID: 33381550 PMCID: PMC7748912 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3593962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Exosomal miRNAs are currently being explored as a novel class of biomarkers in cardiovascular diseases. However, few reports have focused on the value of circulating exosomal miRNAs as biomarkers for stable coronary artery disease (SCAD). Here, we aimed to investigate whether miRNAs involved in cardiovascular diseases in circulating exosomes could serve as novel diagnostic biomarkers for SCAD. Firstly, the serum exosomes were isolated and purified by the ExoQuick reagent and identified by transmission electron microscopy, western blot, and nanoparticle tracking analysis. Then, the purified exosomes were quantified by measuring the exosome protein concentration and calculating the total protein amount. Next, eight miRNAs involved in cardiovascular diseases, miR-192-5p, miR-148b-3p, miR-125a-3p, miR-942-5p, miR-149-5p, miR-32-5p, miR-144-3p, and miR-142-5p, were quantified in circulating exosomes from the control group (n = 20) and the SCAD group (n = 20) by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Finally, the gene targets of the differentially expressed miRNAs were predicted, and the functions and signaling pathways of these targets were analyzed using an online database. The isolated exosomes had a bilayer membrane with a diameter of about 100 nm and expressed exosomal markers including CD63, Tsg101, and Flotillin but negatively expressed Calnexin. Both the exosome protein concentration and total protein amount exhibited no significant differences between the two groups. The qPCR assay demonstrated that among the eight miRNAs, the expression levels of miR-942-5p, miR-149-5p, and miR-32-5p in the serum exosomes from the SCAD group were significantly higher than that from the control group. And the three miRNAs for SCAD diagnosis exhibited AUC values of 0.693, 0.702, and 0.691, respectively. GO categories and signaling pathways analysis showed that some of the predictive targets of these miRNAs were involved in the pathophysiology processes of SCAD. In conclusion, our findings suggest that serum exosomal miR-942-5p, miR-149-5p, and miR-32-5p may serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers for SCAD.
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14
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Videira RF, da Costa Martins PA, Falcão-Pires I. Non-Coding RNAs as Blood-Based Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239285. [PMID: 33291434 PMCID: PMC7730567 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2020, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain a leading cause of mortality and morbidity, contributing to the burden of the already overloaded health system. Late or incorrect diagnosis of patients with CVDs compromises treatment efficiency and patient's outcome. Diagnosis of CVDs could be facilitated by detection of blood-based biomarkers that reliably reflect the current condition of the heart. In the last decade, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) present on human biofluids including serum, plasma, and blood have been reported as potential biomarkers for CVDs. This paper reviews recent studies that focus on the use of ncRNAs as biomarkers of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Figuinha Videira
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; (R.F.V.); (P.A.d.C.M.)
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Cardiovascular Research and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula A. da Costa Martins
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; (R.F.V.); (P.A.d.C.M.)
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Cardiovascular Research and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Falcão-Pires
- Cardiovascular Research and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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15
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Zhou Q, Shi C, Lv Y, Zhao C, Jiao Z, Wang T. Circulating microRNAs in Response to Exercise Training in Healthy Adults. Front Genet 2020; 11:256. [PMID: 32256529 PMCID: PMC7093586 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) have great potential as cardiac biomarkers and they are also being explored for their roles in intercellular communication and gene expression regulation. The analysis of circulating miRNAs in response to exercise would provide a deeper understanding of the molecular response to physical activity and valuable information for clinical practice. Here, eight male college students were recruited to participate in cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) and 1 h acute exercise training (AET). Blood samples were collected and serum miRNAs involved in angiogenesis, inflammation and enriched in muscle and/or cardiac tissues were analyzed before and after cardiopulmonary exercise and acute exercise. The miRNAs we detected were miR-1, miR-20a, miR-21, miR-126, miR-133a, miR-133b, miR-146, miR155, miR-208a, miR-208b, miR-210, miR-221, miR-222, miR-328, miR-378, miR-499, and miR-940. We found that serum miR-20a was decreased significantly after CPET and serum miR-21 was increased after AET. In addition, no robust correlation was identified between the changes of these miRNAs and makers of cardiac function and exercise capacity, which indicates a distinct adaptation of these miRNAs to exercise. Future studies are highly needed to define the potential use of these circulating miRNAs as useful biomarkers of exercise training, and disclose the biological function of circulating miRNAs as physiological mediators of exercise-induced cardiovascular adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiulian Zhou
- Shanghai Applied Radiation Institute, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.,Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Shi
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yicheng Lv
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenglin Zhao
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Jiao
- Shanghai Applied Radiation Institute, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianhui Wang
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
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16
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Kura B, Szeiffova Bacova B, Kalocayova B, Sykora M, Slezak J. Oxidative Stress-Responsive MicroRNAs in Heart Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21010358. [PMID: 31948131 PMCID: PMC6981696 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are important molecules in the living organisms as a part of many signaling pathways. However, if overproduced, they also play a significant role in the development of cardiovascular diseases, such as arrhythmia, cardiomyopathy, ischemia/reperfusion injury (e.g., myocardial infarction and heart transplantation), and heart failure. As a result of oxidative stress action, apoptosis, hypertrophy, and fibrosis may occur. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent important endogenous nucleotides that regulate many biological processes, including those involved in heart damage caused by oxidative stress. Oxidative stress can alter the expression level of many miRNAs. These changes in miRNA expression occur mainly via modulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), sirtuins, calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T cell (NFAT), or nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathways. Up until now, several circulating miRNAs have been reported to be potential biomarkers of ROS-related cardiac diseases, including myocardial infarction, hypertrophy, ischemia/reperfusion, and heart failure, such as miRNA-499, miRNA-199, miRNA-21, miRNA-144, miRNA-208a, miRNA-34a, etc. On the other hand, a lot of studies are aimed at using miRNAs for therapeutic purposes. This review points to the need for studying the role of redox-sensitive miRNAs, to identify more effective biomarkers and develop better therapeutic targets for oxidative-stress-related heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Branislav Kura
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (B.K.); (B.S.B.); (B.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Barbara Szeiffova Bacova
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (B.K.); (B.S.B.); (B.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Barbora Kalocayova
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (B.K.); (B.S.B.); (B.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Matus Sykora
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (B.K.); (B.S.B.); (B.K.); (M.S.)
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ethology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jan Slezak
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (B.K.); (B.S.B.); (B.K.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +421-903-620-181
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Coban N, Pirim D, Erkan AF, Dogan B, Ekici B. Hsa-miR-584-5p as a novel candidate biomarker in Turkish men with severe coronary artery disease. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 47:1361-1369. [PMID: 31863331 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-05235-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is still the preliminary cause of mortality and morbidity in the developed world. Identification of novel predictive and therapeutic biomarkers is crucial for accurate diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of the CAD. The aim of this study was to detect novel candidate miRNA biomarker that may be used in the management of CAD. We performed miRNA profiling in whole blood samples of angiographically confirmed Turkish men with CAD and non-CAD controls with insignificant coronary stenosis. Validation of microarray results was performed by qRT-PCR in a larger cohort of 62 samples. We subsequently assessed the diagnostic value of the miRNA and correlations of miRNA with clinical parameters. miRNA-target identification and network analyses were conducted by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) software. Hsa-miR-584-5p was one of the top significantly dysregulated miRNA observed in miRNA microarray. Men-specific down-regulation (p = 0.040) of hsa-miR-584-5p was confirmed by qRT-PCR. ROC curve analysis highlighted the potential diagnostic value of hsa-miR-584-5p with a power area under the curve (AUC) of 0.714 and 0.643 in men and in total sample, respectively. The expression levels of hsa-miR-584-5p showed inverse correlation with stenosis and Gensini scores. IPA revealed CDH13 as the only CAD related predicted target for the miRNA with biological evidence of its involvement in CAD. This study suggests that hsa-miR-584-5p, known to be tumor suppressor miRNA, as a candidate biomarker for CAD and highlighted its putative role in the CAD pathogenesis. The validation of results in larger samples incorporating functional studies warrant further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neslihan Coban
- Department of Genetics, Aziz Sancar Institute for Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Dilek Pirim
- Faculty of Arts & Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Aycan Fahri Erkan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Ufuk University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Berkcan Dogan
- Institute of Graduate Studies in Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Medical Genetics, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Berkay Ekici
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Ufuk University, Ankara, Turkey
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18
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Kura B, Parikh M, Slezak J, Pierce GN. The Influence of Diet on MicroRNAs that Impact Cardiovascular Disease. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24081509. [PMID: 30999630 PMCID: PMC6514571 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24081509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Food quality and nutritional habits strongly influence human health status. Extensive research has been conducted to confirm that foods rich in biologically active nutrients have a positive impact on the onset and development of different pathological processes, including cardiovascular diseases. However, the underlying mechanisms by which dietary compounds regulate cardiovascular function have not yet been fully clarified. A growing number of studies confirm that bioactive food components modulate various signaling pathways which are involved in heart physiology and pathology. Recent evidence indicates that microRNAs (miRNAs), small single-stranded RNA chains with a powerful ability to influence protein expression in the whole organism, have a significant role in the regulation of cardiovascular-related pathways. This review summarizes recent studies dealing with the impact of some biologically active nutrients like polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), vitamins E and D, dietary fiber, or selenium on the expression of many miRNAs, which are connected with cardiovascular diseases. Current research indicates that the expression levels of many cardiovascular-related miRNAs like miRNA-21, -30 family, -34, -155, or -199 can be altered by foods and dietary supplements in various animal and human disease models. Understanding the dietary modulation of miRNAs represents, therefore, an important field for further research. The acquired knowledge may be used in personalized nutritional prevention of cardiovascular disease or the treatment of cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Branislav Kura
- Institute for Heart Research, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84104 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Mihir Parikh
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and the Canadian Centre for Agri-food Research in Health and Medicine (CCARM), Albrechtsen Research Centre, St. Boniface Hospital, Winnipeg, MB R2H2A6, Canada.
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E0W3, Canada.
| | - Jan Slezak
- Institute for Heart Research, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84104 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Grant N Pierce
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and the Canadian Centre for Agri-food Research in Health and Medicine (CCARM), Albrechtsen Research Centre, St. Boniface Hospital, Winnipeg, MB R2H2A6, Canada.
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E0W3, Canada.
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19
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Vekic J, Zeljkovic A, Stefanovic A, Jelic-Ivanovic Z, Spasojevic-Kalimanovska V. Obesity and dyslipidemia. Metabolism 2019; 92:71-81. [PMID: 30447223 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 290] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity, a pandemic of the modern world, is intimately associated with dyslipidemia, which is mainly driven by the effects of insulin resistance and pro-inflammatory adipokines. However, recent evidence suggests that obesity-induced dyslipidemia is not a unique pathophysiological entity, but rather has distinct characteristics depending on many individual factors. In line with that, in a subgroup of metabolically healthy obese (MHO) individuals, dyslipidemia is less prominent or even absent. In this review, we will address the main characteristics of dyslipidemia and mechanisms that induce its development in obesity. The fields, which should be further investigated to expand our knowledge on obesity-related dyslipidemia and potentially yield new strategies for prevention and management of cardiometabolic risk, will be highlighted. Also, we will discuss recent findings on novel lipid biomarkers in obesity, in particular proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), as the key molecule that regulates metabolism of low-density lipoproteins (LDL), and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), as one of the most important mediators of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles function. Special attention will be given to microRNAs and their potential use as biomarkers of obesity-associated dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Vekic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Aleksandra Zeljkovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zorana Jelic-Ivanovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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20
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Hueso M, Cruzado JM, Torras J, Navarro E. An Exonic Switch Regulates Differential Accession of microRNAs to the Cd34 Transcript in Atherosclerosis Progression. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10010070. [PMID: 30669689 PMCID: PMC6356495 DOI: 10.3390/genes10010070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD34⁺ Endothelial Progenitor Cells (EPCs) play an important role in the recovery of injured endothelium and contribute to atherosclerosis (ATH) pathogenesis. Previously we described a potential atherogenic role for miR-125 that we aimed to confirm in this work. METHODS Microarray hybridization, TaqMan Low Density Array (TLDA) cards, qPCR, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to analyze expression of the miRNAs, proteins and transcripts here studied. RESULTS Here we have demonstrated an increase of resident CD34-positive cells in the aortic tissue of human and mice during ATH progression, as well as the presence of clusters of CD34-positive cells in the intima and adventitia of human ATH aortas. We introduce miR-351, which share the seed sequence with miR-125, as a potential effector of CD34. We show a splicing event at an internal/cryptic splice site at exon 8 of the murine Cd34 gene (exonic-switch) that would regulate the differential accession of miRNAs (including miR-125) to the coding region or to the 3'UTR of Cd34. CONCLUSIONS We introduce new potential mediators of ATH progression (CD34 cell-clusters, miR-351), and propose a new mechanism of miRNA action, linked to a cryptic splicing site in the target-host gene, that would regulate the differential accession of miRNAs to their cognate binding sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Hueso
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital Universitari Bellvitge and Bellvitge Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Josep M Cruzado
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital Universitari Bellvitge and Bellvitge Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Joan Torras
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital Universitari Bellvitge and Bellvitge Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Estanis Navarro
- Independent Researcher, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain.
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21
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Adams V. Assessment of micro ribonucleic acids after exercise: Is this the future to detect coronary artery disease at its early stage? Eur J Prev Cardiol 2018; 26:346-347. [DOI: 10.1177/2047487318811958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Volker Adams
- Laboratory for Experimental and Molecular Cardiology, TU Dresden, Heart Centre Dresden, Germany
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