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El-Refai HA, Saleh AM, Mohamed SIA, Aboul Naser AF, Zaki RA, Gomaa SK, Hamed MA. Biosynthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Bacillus paramycoides for In Vitro Biological Activities and In Vivo Assessment Against Hepatorenal Injury Induced by CCl 4 in Rats. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12010-023-04817-y. [PMID: 38175413 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04817-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Recently, impressive developments in the field of nanotechnology have been achieved. The study aimed to synthetize zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) from locally isolated terrestrial Bacillus paramycoides (MCCC 1A04098) bacteria and assess its role as antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer agent. The antioxidant activity was done using the percentage of DPPH scavenging method. The antibacterial activity was evaluated against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, and Candida albicans. The anti-proliferation assay against hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) and human breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines was estimated by neutral red assay. The apoptotic effect of ZnONP was measured by flow cytometry. The in vivo evaluation was carried out against hepatorenal injuries induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in rats comparing with silymarin as a reference drug. The oxidative stress markers, liver and kidney function enzyme indices, lipid profile, and the histological features of the liver and kidney were also examined. ZnONPs revealed antioxidant and antibacterial effects. It also exerted cytotoxic and apoptotic effect in a dose dependent manner without any toxicity on normal cell line. ZnONPs improved all the biochemical parameters under investigation to varying degrees, and the histological pictures of the liver and kidney confirmed the results. In conclusion, ZnONPs were successfully synthesized from the terrestrial Bacillus paramycoides and recorded in vitro antioxidant, anticancer, and antibacterial effects as well as in vivo anti-hepatorenal toxicity effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba A El-Refai
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Alaa M Saleh
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Shimaa I A Mohamed
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Asmaa F Aboul Naser
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Rania A Zaki
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sanaa K Gomaa
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Manal A Hamed
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
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AlZain MN, Albarakaty FM, El-Desoukey RMA. An Ethnobotanical, Phytochemical Analysis, Antimicrobial and Biological Studies of Pulicaria crispa as a Graze Promising Shrub. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2197. [PMID: 38004337 PMCID: PMC10672700 DOI: 10.3390/life13112197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the global issue of antimicrobial resistance, one of the most significant challenges in microbiological research is to develop a replacement antibiotic with minimal adverse effects. The wild shrub Pulicaria crispa (gethgath) has been traditionally used for camel and ruminant grazing. While prior research has demonstrated its antimicrobial properties against human diseases, no investigations have been conducted on its efficacy against animal pathogens. The objective of this study is to explore the ethnobotanical, phytochemical, antioxidant, anticancer, and antimicrobial activity of Pulicaria crispa aqueous and solvent extracts against a range of standard and animal pathogens. All of the extracts demonstrated antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties, containing bioactive compounds. Notably, the ethyl acetate extract of P. crispa exhibited the strongest antimicrobial activity against tested Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. The chloroform fraction displayed the highest antioxidant activity. Additionally, the ethyl acetate fraction showed promising anticancer activity against breast (MCF-7) and lung (A549) cancer cells. These findings confirm that Pulicaria crispa is a valuable shrub with potential applications as a natural alternative for antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer treatments in both human and veterinary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mashail N. AlZain
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Fawziah M. Albarakaty
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah Al Mukarramah P.O. Box 715, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Rehab M. A. El-Desoukey
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt
- Natural and Applied Sciences Department, Faculty of Science and Humanities in Afif, Shaqraa University, Shaqraa 11961, Saudi Arabia
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Abo-Elghiet F, Rushdi A, Ibrahim MH, Mahmoud SH, Rabeh MA, Alshehri SA, El Menofy NG. Chemical Profile, Antibacterial, Antibiofilm, and Antiviral Activities of Pulicaria crispa Most Potent Fraction: An In Vitro and In Silico Study. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104184. [PMID: 37241923 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases caused by viruses and bacteria are a major public health concern worldwide, with the emergence of antibiotic resistance, biofilm-forming bacteria, viral epidemics, and the lack of effective antibacterial and antiviral agents exacerbating the problem. In an effort to search for new antimicrobial agents, this study aimed to screen antibacterial and antiviral activity of the total methanol extract and its various fractions of Pulicaria crispa (P. crispa) aerial parts. The P. crispa hexane fraction (HF) was found to have the strongest antibacterial effect against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including biofilm producers. The HF fraction reduced the expression levels of penicillin binding protein (PBP2A) and DNA gyrase B enzymes in Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respectively. Additionally, the HF fraction displayed the most potent antiviral activity, especially against influenza A virus, affecting different stages of the virus lifecycle. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis of the HF fraction identified 27 compounds, mainly belonging to the sterol class, with β-sitosterol, phytol, stigmasterol, and lupeol as the most abundant compounds. The in silico study revealed that these compounds were active against influenza A nucleoprotein and polymerase, PBP2A, and DNA gyrase B. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the chemical composition and mechanism of action of the P. crispa HF fraction, which may lead to the development of more effective treatments for bacterial and viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Abo-Elghiet
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Areej Rushdi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Mona H Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Sara H Mahmoud
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, Environmental Research and Climate Changes Institute, National Research Center, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Rabeh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62514, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Ali Alshehri
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62514, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nagwan Galal El Menofy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
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Kim SH, Ko IG, Jin JJ, Hwang L, Kim BK, Baek SS. Study on the pathogenesis of liver injury caused by alcohol and drugs. J Exerc Rehabil 2021; 17:319-323. [PMID: 34805020 PMCID: PMC8566101 DOI: 10.12965/jer.2142530.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, alcohol, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) were administered to experimental mice. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 concentrations, and collagen type 1alpha (COL-1A) and fibronectin expressions were measured to evaluate pathophysiology of liver injury. Levels of ALT and AST were significantly increased by alcohol treatment. Alcohol with LPS treatment increased ALT and AST levels more than alcohol alone treatment, but it was not statistically significant. Alcohol with CCL4 treatment significantly increased ALT and AST levels more than alcohol alone treatment. Alcohol with LPS and CCL4 treatment significantly increased ALT and AST levels more than alcohol with CCL4 treatment. Concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were significantly enhanced by alcohol treatment. Alcohol with LPS treatment significantly enhanced concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 more than alcohol alone treatment. Alcohol with CCL4 treatment significantly enhanced TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 concentrations more than alcohol alone treatment. Alcohol with LPS and CCL4 treatment increased TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 concentrations more than alcohol with CCL4 treatment, but it was not statistically significant. COL-1A and fibronectin expressions were significantly increased by alcohol treatment. Alcohol with LPS treatment significantly increased COL-1A and fibronectin expressions more than alcohol alone treatment. Alcohol with CCL4 treatment significantly increased COL-1A and fibronectin expressions more than alcohol alone treatment. Alcohol with LPS and CCL4 treatment increased COL-1A and fibronectin expressions more than alcohol with CCL4 treatment, but it was not statistically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Sport & Health Sciences, College of Art & Culture, Sangmyung University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Il-Gyu Ko
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun-Jang Jin
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Lakkyong Hwang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bo-Kyun Kim
- Department of Emergency Technology, College of Health Science, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Seung-Soo Baek
- Department of Sport & Health Sciences, College of Art & Culture, Sangmyung University, Seoul, Korea
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