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Schulz ML, Wood CE, Fogarty A, Brown SJ, Gartland D, Giallo R. Intimate partner violence exposure during infancy and social functioning in middle childhood: An Australian mother and child cohort study. Child Dev 2024; 95:817-830. [PMID: 37882462 DOI: 10.1111/cdev.14032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Social functioning of children with experiences of intimate partner violence (IPV) between caregivers in early childhood has received less attention than emotional-behavioral outcomes. Drawing on data from 1507 ten-year-old Australian-born children and their mothers participating in a community-based longitudinal study, this study examined the associations between IPV exposure during infancy and social development during middle childhood. IPV during the first 12 months of life was associated with lower social skills, higher peer problems, and peer victimization at age 10 years, while accounting for concurrent IPV. This study provides evidence for the long-term impacts of early-life IPV exposure on children's social functioning, and the importance of prevention and early intervention programs focused on social development following experiences of IPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison L Schulz
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Victoria, Hawthorn, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Victoria, Parkville, Australia
| | - Catherine E Wood
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Victoria, Hawthorn, Australia
| | - Alison Fogarty
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Victoria, Parkville, Australia
| | - Stephanie J Brown
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Victoria, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Parkville, Australia
- Department of General Practice, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Parkville, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Deirdre Gartland
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Victoria, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Parkville, Australia
| | - Rebecca Giallo
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Victoria, Parkville, Australia
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Victoria, Geelong, Australia
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Abdelrheem SS, El-Gibaly O, Khairy H. Perception of gender norms and its association with bullying behavior among adolescent students. J Egypt Public Health Assoc 2024; 99:6. [PMID: 38462587 PMCID: PMC10925580 DOI: 10.1186/s42506-024-00151-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inequitable gender norms are increasingly seen as a risk to health and well-being. Although adolescence represents a critical phase of development before adulthood, there is limited understanding about adolescents' perception of gender norms in Egypt. Adolescents' nonconformity with stereotypical gender norms is suspected to increase their exposure to bullying behavior. This study aimed to explore the adolescents' perception of gender norms - especially towards romantic relations and stereotypical gender traits and roles - and its association with bullying behavior among school children. METHODS A cross-sectional study of a sample of 400 students 11-17 years from 10 public schools in Aswan city, Egypt was conducted. Data were collected via interviewer-administered questionnaires using the Gender Norms Scales and School Life Survey tool for bullying. RESULTS School adolescents of both sexes showed no significant difference with respect to their attitudes towards romantic relationships engagement, but boys were slightly more permissive about romantic relationships than girls (54.4%, 46.1%, respectively). On the other hand, girls were significantly more likely to indicate agreement with a sexual double standard regarding boy/girl relationships than boys (75% vs. 46.4%, P < 0.001). Regarding gender stereotypical traits, girls' and boys' perception showed no significant difference, but boys had more endorsement, and 64.3% of boys perceived more agreement with gender stereotypical traits compared to 57.4% of girls. Also, boys were more likely to express more agreement with stereotypical gender roles than girls (74% vs. 52.9%, P < 0.001). However, 51% of students agreed that it was okay to tease a boy who acted like a girl, and 27.5% agreed that it was okay to tease a girl who acted like a boy. Students' status of bullying and victimization was not significantly associated with any studied gender norms concept. CONCLUSIONS Perception of unequal gender norms starts early in adolescence. Boys are more accepting of heteronormative relations among adolescents and more likely to endorse stereotypical gender roles than girls, while girls are more conservative and more likely to perceive a sexual double standard regarding boy/girl relationships. Moreover, adolescents of both genders perceived more agreement with deserving sanctions for atypical gender behaviors in boys with higher perception in boys compared to girls. However, both boys' and girls' perception of gender is not related to their status of bullying and victimization. This has important implications for understanding the development of gender norms and their impact on adolescent behavior and social interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa S Abdelrheem
- Public Health and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
- Armed Forces College of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Omaima El-Gibaly
- Public Health and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Hasnaa Khairy
- Public Health and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt.
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Nguyen TH, Nguyen HMT, Ha TT, Nguyen NN. The Role of Teacher and Peer Support against Bullying Among Secondary School Students in Vietnam. J Genet Psychol 2022; 183:391-398. [DOI: 10.1080/00221325.2022.2099243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thuong H. Nguyen
- Faculty of Social Work, Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Huong M. T. Nguyen
- Faculty of Social Work, Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thu T. Ha
- Faculty of Social Work, Graduate Academy of Social Sciences, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc N. Nguyen
- Department of Social Work, Thang Long University, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Costantino C, Mazzucco W, Scarpitta F, Ventura G, Marotta C, Bono SE, Arcidiacono E, Gentile M, Sannasardo P, Gambino CR, Sannasardo CE, Vella C, Vitale F, Casuccio A, Restivo V. Prevalence and factors associated with bullying phenomenon among pre-adolescents attending first-grade secondary schools of Palermo, Italy, and a comparative systematic literature review. Ital J Pediatr 2022; 48:56. [PMID: 35379316 PMCID: PMC8981760 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-022-01245-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bullying is recognized as one of the most significant social and health problems in the school environment for children and adolescents. In Italy, bullying involved 2 in 10 kids between 11–17 years that referred to have been bullied two or more times in a month. In Sicily, the estimated prevalence of children aged 11 to 15 that suffered at least one act of bullying in the last two months was 14% in 2011. Methods A questionnaire consisting of 30 items investigating physical, verbal and indirect bullying, observers of bullying, resiliency, and prosociality was administered to preadolescents of ten first-grade secondary schools within the Palermo Province in order to analyze prevalence and factors associated with bullying phenomenon. Also, a systematic literature review (SLR) analyzing manuscripts that reported prevalence of the bullying phenomenon worldwide was conducted. Results Survey: a total of 867 students, belonging to 35 s and 31 third classes of ten different schools in Palermo, Italy, were recruited in the survey. The values of physical bullying are included between the 4% of the single question method and the almost forty percent detected by the score of 7 method. Verbal bullying oscillates between 15.9% and 66.3%. Observers average values varies from 15.8% to 47.5%. SLR: the estimated prevalence showed a considerable fluctuation. The occurrence of the bullying phenomenon was low in some Northern European countries, while in Anglo-Saxon countries it affected over a quarter of the middle school student population (28% in Maryland, USA and 21% in the UK). Conclusions The prevalence of the bullying phenomenon recorded by this survey with the three different methods used is similar to observations in international literature. In the Sicilian context, a higher prevalence of bullying phenomena was observed in pre-adolescents attending major classes and in schools with lower socio-economic index. Though it remains difficult to obtain univocal data that clarifies the prevalence of different type of bullying, the continuous investigation of prevalence and factors associated with the phenomenon is a necessary starting point to introduce interventions and preventive measures in Public Health programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Costantino
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties "G. D'Alessandro", Section of Hygiene, University of Palermo, Via Del Vespro 133, 90127, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Walter Mazzucco
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties "G. D'Alessandro", Section of Hygiene, University of Palermo, Via Del Vespro 133, 90127, Palermo, Italy.,Cincinnati College of Medicine, Department of Pediatric - Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Burnet Ave 3333, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Francesco Scarpitta
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties "G. D'Alessandro", Section of Hygiene, University of Palermo, Via Del Vespro 133, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Ventura
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties "G. D'Alessandro", Section of Hygiene, University of Palermo, Via Del Vespro 133, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Claudia Marotta
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties "G. D'Alessandro", Section of Hygiene, University of Palermo, Via Del Vespro 133, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Stefania Enza Bono
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties "G. D'Alessandro", Section of Hygiene, University of Palermo, Via Del Vespro 133, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Evelina Arcidiacono
- Regional Educational Authority of Sicily, Via G. Fattori 60, 90100, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maurizio Gentile
- Regional Educational Authority of Sicily, Via G. Fattori 60, 90100, Palermo, Italy
| | | | | | - Claudia Emilia Sannasardo
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties "G. D'Alessandro", Section of Hygiene, University of Palermo, Via Del Vespro 133, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Carlotta Vella
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties "G. D'Alessandro", Section of Hygiene, University of Palermo, Via Del Vespro 133, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Vitale
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties "G. D'Alessandro", Section of Hygiene, University of Palermo, Via Del Vespro 133, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandra Casuccio
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties "G. D'Alessandro", Section of Hygiene, University of Palermo, Via Del Vespro 133, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Restivo
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties "G. D'Alessandro", Section of Hygiene, University of Palermo, Via Del Vespro 133, 90127, Palermo, Italy
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Ngo AT, Nguyen LH, Dang AK, Hoang MT, Nguyen THT, Vu GT, Do HT, Tran BX, Latkin CA, Ho RCM, Ho CSH. Bullying experience in urban adolescents: Prevalence and correlations with health-related quality of life and psychological issues. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252459. [PMID: 34101739 PMCID: PMC8186762 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the 3-month rate of bullying experience, associated factors, and measure the relationships between bullying experience with health-related quality of life and different mental disorders among secondary school students. We performed a cross-sectional study in four secondary schools in Hanoi, Vietnam. Bullying experience was evaluated by using questions about eighteen specific-bullying behaviors. EuroQol-5 dimensions-5 levels (EQ-5D-5L) and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale- 21 items (DASS-21) were used to measure health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and mental health of participants, respectively. Among 712 secondary school students, the 3-month prevalence of physical, social aggression, verbal, and sexual bullying experience were 8.4%; 31.2%; 11.9%, and 2.7%, respectively. Being bullied were negatively associated with levels of classmates and family support, as well as levels of school security. Being overweight or obese was related to a higher likelihood of suffering social aggression compared to normal BMI. Being bullied was significantly associated with the decrement of HRQOL, and the increased risk of depression, anxiety, and stress among adolescents. Findings of this study suggested that holistic approaches involving family, peers, and schools, along with enhancing school security, are potential approaches to reduce the impact of bullying on adolescents' life and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh Toan Ngo
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Anh Kim Dang
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Men Thi Hoang
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- Faculty of Medicine, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Trang Huyen Thi Nguyen
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- Faculty of Medicine, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- * E-mail:
| | - Giang Thu Vu
- Center of Excellence in Pharmacoeconomics and Management, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hoa Thi Do
- Institute of Health Economics and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Bach Xuan Tran
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Carl A. Latkin
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Roger C. M. Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cyrus S. H. Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
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Bozan K, Evgi̇n D, Gördeles Beşer N. Relatıonship bullying in adolescent period with family functionalities and child behaviors. PSYCHOLOGY IN THE SCHOOLS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pits.22501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kezban Bozan
- Niğde Zübeyde Hanım Health Services Vocational School Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University Niğde Turkey
| | - Derya Evgi̇n
- Department of Child Health and Diseases Nursing, Kumluca Faculty of Health Science Akdeniz University Antalya Turkey
| | - Nalan Gördeles Beşer
- Department of Psychiatry Nursing, Niğde Zübeyde Hanım Health School Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University Niğde Turkey
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Camerini AL, Marciano L, Carrara A, Schulz PJ. Cyberbullying perpetration and victimization among children and adolescents: A systematic review of longitudinal studies. TELEMATICS AND INFORMATICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tele.2020.101362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Nguyen HTL, Nakamura K, Seino K, Vo VT. Relationships among cyberbullying, parental attitudes, self-harm and suicidal behavior among adolescents: results from a school-based survey in Vietnam. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:476. [PMID: 32276608 PMCID: PMC7146902 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-08500-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The rapid and widespread development of social networking sites has created a venue for an increase in cyberbullying among adolescents. Protective mechanisms and actions must be considered, such as how proximal family factors can prevent self-harm and suicidal behaviors among adolescents exposed to cyberbullying. The present study examined the associations among cyberbullying, parental attitudes, self-harm, and suicidal behaviors after adjusting for confounding factors. Methods Data were obtained from a school-based survey of randomly selected grade 6 students (11 years old) performed in Hue City, Vietnam, in 2018. A total of 648 students were interviewed face-to-face using a structured questionnaire based on the Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS). Univariate, multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed at 95% confidence level. Results After adjusting for gender, perceived academic pressure, unhealthy behaviors, use of Internet devices, school bullying, and family living situation, a significantly higher risk of self-harm was detected among those who had experienced cyberbullying (adjusted odd ratio [AOR] = 2.97; 95% CI, 1.32–6.71). Parental acceptance retained a significant association with self-harm and suicidal behavior (P < 0.05) while parental concentration did not exhibit a significant association in a multivariable logistic regression model. In addition, suicidal ideation and suicidal planning were associated with an interaction effect between cyberbullying and parental concentration (AOR = 0.37; 95% CI, 0.15–0.94 and AOR = 0.23; 95% CI, 0.06–0.87, respectively). Conclusion Cyberbullying has become an important phenomenon associated with self-harm among young adolescents in developing countries, and parental acceptance in proxy of parental attitude was positively related with severe mental health issues among adolescents. Thus, sufficient attention in efforts to promote adolescent health should be focused on family factors in the digital era of developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Thuy Linh Nguyen
- Department of Global Health Entrepreneurship, Division of Public Health, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan.,Faculty of Public Health, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue, Vietnam.,Institute for Community Health Research, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue, Vietnam
| | - Keiko Nakamura
- Department of Global Health Entrepreneurship, Division of Public Health, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan.
| | - Kaoruko Seino
- Department of Global Health Entrepreneurship, Division of Public Health, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan
| | - Van Thang Vo
- Faculty of Public Health, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue, Vietnam.,Institute for Community Health Research, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue, Vietnam
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Evgin D, Bayat M. The Effect of Behavioral System Model Based Nursing Intervention on Adolescent Bullying. Florence Nightingale Hemsire Derg 2020; 28:71-82. [PMID: 34263187 PMCID: PMC7968463 DOI: 10.5152/fnjn.2020.18061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The study was conducted experimentally with pre-post tests and a control group to determine the effect of Behavioral System Model based education that given by the creative drama method on adolescent bullying. Method As a result of the power analysis performed, eighty-three students (43 in study group, 40 in control group) attending 7th degree were recruited. Education is given in nine sessions with creative drama method. Data were collected with Individual Information Form, Traditional Peer Bullying Scale, Problem-Solving Inventory for Children, and the Empathy Index for Children. Data were analyzed with decrease/increase in percentage, Cronbach α, chi-square, two way/two factor repeated measures analysis of variance (Post-Hoc: Bonferroni) and Mann-Whitney U tests. Results The decrease in percentage in the mean Traditional Peer Bullying Scale scores of study group students was higher than those of control group (p<0.05). Mean pre-education 1st measurement Traditional Peer Bullying Scale scores of study group students were reduced in the post-education 2nd and 3rd measurements (p<0.05). The increase in percentage in the mean Problem-Solving Inventory for Children and Empathy Index for Children scores of study group students was higher than those of control group (p<0.05). The mean pre-education 1st measurement scores of PSIC and Empathy Index for Children was increased in post-education 2nd and 3rd measurements (p<0.05). Conclusion Drama education is effective on prevention of bullying, and that may be used in prevention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derya Evgin
- Department of Pediatrics Nursing, Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University, Semra and Vefa Küçük Health High School, Nevşehir, Turkey
| | - Meral Bayat
- Department of Pediatrics Nursing, Erciyes University Faculty of Health Sciences, Kayseri, Turkey
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Le HTH, Tran N, Campbell MA, Gatton ML, Nguyen HT, Dunne MP. Mental health problems both precede and follow bullying among adolescents and the effects differ by gender: a cross-lagged panel analysis of school-based longitudinal data in Vietnam. Int J Ment Health Syst 2019; 13:35. [PMID: 31131020 PMCID: PMC6525446 DOI: 10.1186/s13033-019-0291-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The significant psychosocial harms from bullying among adolescents create major challenges for mental health promotion programs and services in schools. While the negative consequences of bullying victimisation are well known, to date there is scarce empirical analysis of inverse associations, in which mental health problems make children more vulnerable to bullying victimisation and perpetration. Based on a short-term longitudinal study among adolescents in Vietnam, this study examined reciprocal associations between children's depressive symptoms, psychological distress, suicidal ideation and bullying victimisation experiences (i.e., victims or bully-victims). METHODS Secondary and high school students (n = 1167; age range: 11-16 years old; 55% female) in urban areas in northern Vietnam completed two self-administered questionnaires, 6-months apart in the academic year 2014-2015. Measures estimated bullying victimisation and perpetration in the past 6 months, depressive symptoms, psychological distress, and suicidal ideation. A cross-lagged analysis was performed to test the reciprocal associations. RESULTS About one-third of students in the sample were involved as victims, bullies or bully-victims at both times, with more males than females reporting these experiences. Females reported a higher level of depressive symptoms than males at Time 1 but not at Time 2. After adjusting for outcome variables and other covariates measured at Time 1, nine of 12 cross-lagged associations across three models were statistically significant, with different patterns for females and males. There were reciprocal associations between bullying victimisation and mental health problems. Bullying victimisation was shown as an independent predictor of subsequent mental health problems; in turn, mental health problems preceded students' experience of becoming victims or bully-victims. Females with mental health problems were more likely to be victims; whereas similarly distressed males were vulnerable to both being bullied and being perpetrators. CONCLUSION This study is the first of its kind in Vietnam and in the Southeast Asian region to examine reciprocal associations between bullying victimisation and mental health problems among adolescents. Anti-bullying intervention and prevention programs and school-based mental health promotion programs should be integrated and be sensitive to gender differences in order to maximise their impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Thi Hai Le
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Education, Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nam Tran
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families Over the Life Course | Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Marilyn A. Campbell
- Faculty of Education, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Michelle L. Gatton
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Huong Thanh Nguyen
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Education, Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Michael P. Dunne
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Institute for Community Health Research, Hue University, Hue, Vietnam
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Salimi N, Karimi-Shahanjarini A, Rezapur-Shahkolai F, Hamzeh B, Roshanaei G, Babamiri M. Aggression and its predictors among elementary students. J Inj Violence Res 2019; 11:159-170. [PMID: 30982055 PMCID: PMC6646832 DOI: 10.5249/jivr.v11i2.1102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Aggression is the most significant psychopathological risk factor. It is a multifaceted construct and can affect students’ social, mental and physical health. The present study was conducted to investigate factors associated with aggression among elementary school girls and boys using the theoretical framework of Social Cognitive Theory in Kermanshah city, Iran. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted on 900 students, including 445 girls and 455 boys, 563 parents and 104 elementary school teachers in the fourth, fifth and sixth educational grades in Kermanshah city in 2018. The proportionate stratified random sampling was used. The Adolescent Peer Relations Instrument (APRI) was used to measure aggression. To measure the variables of social cognitive theory, a researcher-made questionnaire was used. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive and inferential statistics via the SPSS software. Results: It was showed that 29% and 10% of the students had moderate and high levels of aggression, respectively. Also, 30.6% of them were moderate victims and 45.6% were intense victims. Self-efficacy (p less than 0.001), perceived social norms (p=0.011), observational learning (p less than 0.001), outcome expectations (p=0.027), outcome expectancies (p=0.028) and per-ceived situational (p less than 0.001) were reported as the significant predictors of aggressive behaviors in the students based on the Social Cognitive Theory constructs. In total, they explained for 37.3% of changes in aggressive behaviors. Parents’ knowledge (p=0.005), parents’ attitude (p=0.012), teachers’ attitude (p less than 0.001), and teachers’ self-efficacy (p=0.021) had statistically significant relationships with aggression in the students. Conclusions: Aggression among children and adolescents is getting alarmingly prevalent. The Social Cogni-tive Theory is the appropriate framework for the prediction of aggression behaviors in children and adolescents. Therefore, designing and implementing educational interventions based on this theory can help with the management of aggression in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Akram Karimi-Shahanjarini
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Influence of Family Variables on Cyberbullying
Perpetration and Victimization: A Systematic
Literature Review. SOCIAL SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/socsci8030098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the number of studies conducted on the influence of family variables oncyberbullying perpetration and victimization has increased, especially in terms of relational familyprocesses. The present review investigates the role played by family variables on cyberbullyingperpetration and victimization. A systematic literature review was conducted in five databases(ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, ERIC, and Web of Science) from October 2016 to October 2018.During this brief period of time, the number of publications on family variables and cyberbullying,both perpetration and victimization, has significantly increased. We eventually reviewed 34 studieswhich rigorously met the selection criteria of our research. For the analysis of the results, wedistinguish between two types of variables according to the following possibilities of pedagogicalintervention: Structural (contextual family variables and individual parental processes), anddynamic (relational family processes). Our review found evidence that there is more controversyaround structural variables than around dynamic variables. The most consistent variables are familycommunication and the quality of the family relationship. However, there is a perceived need forclarifying the influence that different structural variables, parental educational styles, and parentalmediation exert on the prevention and consolidation of cyberbullying perpetration andcybervictimization.
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Shiva Kumar AK, Stern V, Subrahmanian R, Sherr L, Burton P, Guerra N, Muggah R, Samms-Vaughan M, Watts C, Mehta SK. Ending violence in childhood: a global imperative. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2017; 22:1-16. [DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2017.1287409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lorraine Sherr
- Research Department of Infection and Population Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Patrick Burton
- Centre for Justice and Crime Prevention, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nancy Guerra
- Department of Psychology and Social Behavior, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | - Maureen Samms-Vaughan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, University of West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Charlotte Watts
- Department of Global Health and Development, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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