Ecija C, Catala P, Velasco L, Pastor-Mira MA, Peñacoba C. When It Hurts, a Positive Attitude May Help. The Moderating Effect of Positive Affect on the Relationship Between Walking, Depression, and Symptoms in Women with Fibromyalgia.
Pain Manag Nurs 2022;
23:767-775. [PMID:
35840530 DOI:
10.1016/j.pmn.2022.05.007]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Increased exercise is a marker of health in fibromyalgia (FM). However, patients frequently avoid physical activity as a way of minimizing the pain they feel. This deprives them of opportunities to obtain positive reinforcement, increasing functional impact.
AIMS
This study examines the mediating role of depressive symptoms between walking (as physical exercise), functional impact, and pain, at different levels of positive affect (PA) among women with fibromyalgia.
DESIGN
Cross-sectional correlational study.
SETTINGS
Mutual aid associations for fibromyalgia in Spain.
PARTICIPANTS
231 women diagnosed with FM.
METHODS
Moderate mediation analyses were conducted using PROCESS.
RESULTS
First, a simple mediation model showed that depression mediated the effect of walking on functional impact, but not on pain. Additionally, the moderated mediated model showed that this effect was significant at medium and high levels of PA, but not when levels of PA were low.
CONCLUSIONS
Provision of resources focused on positive affect seem to increase the positive effects of walking on functional impact through the reduction of depressive symptoms. Nurses can improve adherence of patients with FM to walking behavior through increasing positive affect.
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