1
|
Cho Y, Jeong WY, Hwang S, Na S, Park H, Heo S, Park S, Lim KJ, Shin HS, Son J. Development of a simultaneous analytical method for the dietary exposure determination of β-Carboline alkaloids in foods. Food Chem 2024; 460:140546. [PMID: 39068799 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
As β-carboline (βC) alkaloids, posing potential health risks, are present in a wide variety of foods, determining the exposure degrees of food to these alkaloids from dietary activity is key to ensuring food safety. Here, we developed a rapid and sensitive simultaneous analytical method for six βC alkaloids in food. We optimized the buffered QuEChERS method, which includes a clean-up process through dispersive solid phase extraction, to extract the target compounds from food matrices; then, these compounds were detected via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. We established calibration ranges for each target compound and matrix within the range of 0.05-250 μg/kg, and verified linearity (R2 ≥ 0.99) and limit of quantitation (≤1.63 μg/kg). Furthermore, we validated trueness (85.8%-118.8%) and precision (≤18.7%) at three levels within the calibration range, including the lowest and highest concentrations. Finally, we employed the developed method to determine the βC alkaloid contents in 304 samples of 41 food items and dietary exposure of six βC alkaloids resulting from daily intake. Although βC alkaloids were detected in 86.2% of the samples, exposure level to the 41 food items was insufficient to cause toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoeseph Cho
- Doping Control Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.
| | - Woo Yeon Jeong
- Doping Control Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungmin Hwang
- Doping Control Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sunhwan Na
- Doping Control Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Hana Park
- Doping Control Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Soohyun Heo
- Doping Control Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Saeyeon Park
- Doping Control Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung-Jik Lim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Seung Shin
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea.
| | - Junghyun Son
- Doping Control Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shaheen G, Ashfaq A, Shamim T, Asif HM, Ali A, Rehman SU, Sumreen L. Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Phytochemical and FTIR Analysis of Peganum harmala (Fruit) Ethanolic Extract From Cholistan Desert, Pakistan. Dose Response 2022; 20:15593258221126832. [PMID: 36106057 PMCID: PMC9465604 DOI: 10.1177/15593258221126832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of
Peganum harmala fruit. Ethanolic extract was prepared and
phytochemical screening showed the presence of a lot of chemical compounds.
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra indicated the presence of
organic acids, hydroxyl and phenolic compounds, amino groups, aliphatic
compounds, and functional groups such as amide, ketone, aldehyde, aromatics, and
halogen compounds. Antioxidant activity of the ethanolic extract of P.
harmala by the DPPH method showed 71.4% inhibition, whereas
IC50 ± SEM (μg/mL) was .406 ± .11. Antibacterial activity was
performed against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus pumilus,
Micrococcus luteus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus,
Staphylococcus epidermidis and Bordetella bronchiseptica. Maximum
antibacterial activity was exhibited by Bacillus subtilis (24.33 ± 2 mm)
and Bacillus pumilus (23.33 ± 2 mm). Zone of inhibition was 19 ± 2 mm by P.
aeruginosa, and it was 18.33 ± 2 mm by Bordetella
bronchiseptica. Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis had
inhibitory effect in the range of 12.33 ± 2 mm and 13.66 ± 3 mm,
respectively. 11.66 ± 2 mm and 10 ± 2 mm was zone of inhibition by
Micrococcus luteus and E. coli, respectively. Antifungal activity
was performed against Aspergillus terreus, Aspergillus fumigatus,
Aspergillus flavus and Candida albicans. Ethanolic extract of
P. harmala showed antifungal activity against
Aspergillus flavus (5 ± 1 mm) and Candida albicans
(4 ± 1 mm). Mild antifungal activity was reported
by Aspergillus fumigatus (3 ±
1 mm), whereas no activity was exhibited by Aspergillus
terreus. Further research is needed in order to evaluate the cytotoxic
effects of P. harmala as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghazala Shaheen
- Department of Eastern Medicine & Surgery, University College of Conventional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Arslan Ashfaq
- Department of Eastern Medicine & Surgery, University College of Conventional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Tahira Shamim
- Department of Eastern Medicine & Surgery, University College of Conventional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Asif
- Department of Eastern Medicine & Surgery, University College of Conventional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Akhtar Ali
- Department of Biotechnology, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sajid-Ur- Rehman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Laila Sumreen
- Department of Homoeopathic Medical Sciences, University College of Conventional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|