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Syed-Yahya SNN, Idris MA, Shimazu A. Support for safety in the fire service: a test of reciprocal causality for safety motivation. INDUSTRIAL HEALTH 2023; 61:419-431. [PMID: 36384861 PMCID: PMC10731417 DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.2022-0064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Much research has identified safety motivation as an essential individual-level antecedent of safety performance. Recently, scholars have shown interest in workplace support as an essential factor of safety motivation. While support from different sources is theoretically distinct, each is argued to be not just an antecedent, but also an outcome of the other. A similar reciprocal relationship is also expected between support and safety motivation. Our research utilised the Self-Determination Theory (Deci & Ryan, 1985) and Social Cognitive Theory (Bandura, 1988) to examine the role of each source of support on safety motivation; and investigate their reciprocal relationships. We used structural equation modelling to analyse three-wave longitudinal data (three months apart) from 314 firefighters throughout Malaysia. The result confirmed direct relationships and interestingly, denied that reciprocal relationships exist between organisational support, social support, and safety motivation over time. Our study recommends that the fire department should encourage support from all sources, primarily from senior management since it is the catalyst that activates support from other sources.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohd Awang Idris
- Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Universiti Malaya, Malaysia
- PSC Global Observatory, University of South Australia, Australia
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Halliday CS, Paustian-Underdahl SC, Stride C, Zhang H. Retaining Women in Male-Dominated Occupations across Cultures: The Role of Supervisor Support and Psychological Safety. HUMAN PERFORMANCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/08959285.2022.2050234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Saldanha Halliday
- The University of Texas at El Paso, College of Business Administration, Department of Marketing and Management, El Paso, TX, USA
| | | | - Christopher Stride
- Sheffield University Management School, The Institute of Work Psychology, Sheffield, UK
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- International Business Machines Corp., Smarter Workforce Institute, Rochester, MN, USA
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Casey T, Turner N, Hu X, Bancroft K. Making safety training stickier: A richer model of safety training engagement and transfer. JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH 2021; 78:303-313. [PMID: 34399927 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsr.2021.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Compared to other types of occupational training, safety training suffers from several unique challenges that potentially impair the engagement of learners and their subsequent application or "transfer" of knowledge and skills upon returning to the job. However, existing research on safety training tends to focus on specific factors in isolation, such as design features and social support. The aim of this research is to develop an overarching theoretical framework that integrates factors contributing to training engagement and transfer. METHOD We conducted a comprehensive qualitative review of safety training research that was published between 2010 and 2020. We searched Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar, yielding 147 articles, and 38 were included. We content analyzed article summaries to arrive at core themes and combined them with contemporary models of general occupational training to develop a rich model of safety training engagement and transfer. RESULTS We propose that training engagement is a combination of pre-training factors such as individual, organizational, and contextual factors, that interact with design and delivery factors. Safety training engagement is conceptualized as a three-component psychological state: affective, cognitive, and behavioral. Organizations should prioritize pre-training readiness modules to address existing attitudes and beliefs, optimize the safety training transfer climate, and critically reflect on their strategy to design and deliver safety training so that engagement is maximized. CONCLUSIONS There are practical factors that organizations can use before training (e.g., tailoring training to employees' characteristics), during training (e.g., ensuring trainer credibility and use of adult learning principles), and after training (e.g., integrating learned concepts into systems). Practical Applications: For safety training to 'stick,' workers should be affectively, cognitively, and behaviorally engaged in learning, which will result in new knowledge and skills, improvements in attitudes, and new safety behaviors in the workplace. To enable engagement, practitioners must apply adult learning principles, make the training relevant, and tailor the training to the job and individual needs. After training, ensure concepts are embedded and aligned with existing systems and routines to promote transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristan Casey
- Safety Science Innovation Lab, Griffith University, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.
| | - Nick Turner
- Haskayne School of Business, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Xiaowen Hu
- QUT Business School, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
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Zahiri Harsini A, Bohle P, Matthews LR, Ghofranipour F, Sanaeinasab H, Amin Shokravi F, Prasad K. Evaluating the Consistency Between Conceptual Frameworks and Factors Influencing the Safe Behavior of Iranian Workers in the Petrochemical Industry: Mixed Methods Study. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2021; 7:e22851. [PMID: 34042605 PMCID: PMC8193472 DOI: 10.2196/22851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unsafe worker behavior is often identified as a major cause of dangerous incidents in the petrochemical industry. Behavioral safety models provide frameworks that may help to prevent such incidents by identifying factors promoting safe or unsafe behavior. We recently conducted a qualitative study to identify factors affecting workers' unsafe behaviors in an Iranian petrochemical company. OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to (1) conduct a review of the relevant research literature between the years 2000 and 2019 to identify theoretical models proposed to explain and predict safe behavior in the workplace and (2) to select the model that best reflects our qualitative findings and other evidence about the factors influencing safe behaviors among petrochemical workers. METHODS This research used mixed methods. Initially, we conducted a qualitative study of factors that Iranian petrochemical workers believed affected their safety behavior. Four themes emerged from the semistructured interviews: (1) poor direct safety management and supervision; (2) unsafe workplace conditions; (3) workers' perceptions, skills, and training; and (4) broader organizational factors. Electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Google Scholar, EBSCOhost, and Science Direct, were then searched for eligible studies on models to explain and predict safe behaviors, which were published between the years 2000 and 2019. Medical subject headings were used as the primary analytical element. Medical subject headings and subheadings were then extracted from the literature. One researcher conducted the search and 3 researchers performed screening and data extraction. Then, constructs described in each study were assessed to determine which were the most consistent with themes derived from our qualitative analysis. RESULTS A total of 2032 publications were found using the search strategy. Of these, 142 studies were assessed and 28 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. The themes identified in the qualitative study most closely matched 3 scales included in Wu et al's model that measured safety behavior and performance, safety leadership, and safety climate in petrochemical industries. Poor direct safety management and supervision matched with safety leadership and its subscales; unsafe workplace conditions matched with safety climate and its subscales; workers' perceptions, skills, and training matched with safety performance and its subscales; and broader organizational factors matched with some subscales of the model. CONCLUSIONS This is the first literature review to identify models intended to explain and predict safe behavior and select the model most consistent with themes elicited from a qualitative study. Our results showed that effective safety leadership and management and safety climate and culture systems are the most frequently identified factors affecting safe behaviors in the petrochemical industry. These results can further help safety researchers and professionals design effective behavior-based safety interventions, which can have a more sustainable and persistent impact on workers' safety behaviors. TRIAL REGISTRATION Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials IRCT20170515033981N2; https://www.irct.ir/trial/26107. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) RR2-10.1186/s12889-019-7126-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azita Zahiri Harsini
- Department of Health Education, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Philip Bohle
- Tasmanian School of Business and Economics, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 84, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Lynda R Matthews
- Work and Health Research Team, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Fazlollah Ghofranipour
- Department of Health Education, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hormoz Sanaeinasab
- Health Research Center, Lifestyle Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farkhondeh Amin Shokravi
- Department of Health Education, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Krishan Prasad
- School of Business, School of Accounting, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
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Abbas M, Zakaria AM, Ahmad I, Kashif M. Role of Safety Leaders for a Safe Working Environment at Universities: A Case Study from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. ACS CHEMICAL HEALTH & SAFETY 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chas.0c00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohsin Abbas
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Jabalpur Road, Gujrat, Pakistan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Meteorology Environment Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel M. Zakaria
- High institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Meteorology Environment Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ijaz Ahmad
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, National Skills University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Meteorology Environment Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Kashif
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Meteorology Environment Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Tomasevic I, Kovačević DB, Jambrak AR, Zsolt S, Dalle Zotte A, Martinović A, Prodanov M, Sołowiej B, Sirbu A, Subić J, Roljević S, Semenova A, Kročko M, Duckova V, Getya A, Kravchenko O, Djekic I. Comprehensive insight into the food safety climate in Central and Eastern Europe. Food Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Nyarugwe SP, Linnemann AR, Ren Y, Bakker EJ, Kussaga JB, Watson D, Fogliano V, Luning PA. An intercontinental analysis of food safety culture in view of food safety governance and national values. Food Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.107075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Nyarugwe SP, Linnemann AR, Luning PA. Prevailing food safety culture in companies operating in a transition economy - Does product riskiness matter? Food Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.106803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Facing Climate Change: What Drives Internal Migration Decisions in the Karst Rocky Regions of Southwest China. SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/su11072142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Global climate change and its influence on human migration have caused heated debates. There is no consensus about the role of environmental change in shaping migration decisions. To amass more evidence and develop a deeper understanding of the relations between the environment and migration, this paper seeks to evaluate the importance of various drivers (economic, social, political, demographic, and environmental drivers) and determine the internal mechanism in the decision process. The Likert scale was used as the tool for measuring each respondent’s perception of the drivers, and the within-group interrater agreement index was used to express the survey data and to select the actual driving forces. As a result, economic, social, and political factors were strong forces that promoted migration directly, while demographic and environmental factors were moderate or weak forces that promoted migration indirectly. The migrants’ core consideration was to effectively reduce family risks and sustain their livelihoods by moving to a destination to improve their household income, keep their original social networks, and obtain housing allowances from the local government. Land degradation and meteorological disasters were rooted in the vulnerability and risks of a family, and these factors indirectly influenced the people’s decisions by affecting the socioeconomic drivers. We concluded that isolating the environmental drivers from other drivers underlying migration decisions is difficult. Additionally, the internal mechanism indicated that both environmental and non-environmental factors all have an impact on choice in different ways. Future policies should be aimed at increasing sustainable livelihoods and the social resilience of migrant families at a personal level, balancing the development levels of the original locations and destinations, and strengthening international cooperation to reduce the negative effects of climate change at the regional level.
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Newaz MT, Davis P, Jefferies M, Pillay M. Using a psychological contract of safety to predict safety climate on construction sites. JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH 2019; 68:9-19. [PMID: 30876525 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsr.2018.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The fact that safety climate impacts safety behavior and delivers better safety outcomes is well established in construction. However, the way workers safety perception is inclined and developed is still unclear. METHOD In this research, the influence of supervisors' developing safety climate and its impact on workers' safety behavior and their conceptualization of safety is explored through the lens of the 'Psychological Contract' (PC). More specifically, it is argued that 'Psychological Contract of Safety' (PCS) is a vital factor in explaining how workers attach meaning to a supervisor behavior. Extant research suggests: (a) safety climate is based on the perception of workers regarding safety; and (b) PCS is based on perceived mutual obligations between workers and supervisors. As a result, this research argues that if PCS or mutual obligations between workers and supervisors are fulfilled, then safety climate of the workers will be positively influenced. A model is presented depicting PCS as an alternative intervention in understanding how safety climate could be influenced and predicted by the level of fulfillment of mutual safety obligations. Using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) the model of the PCS is validated with data collected from a mega-construction project in Australia. RESULTS The results suggest that to have a positive and strong safety climate, top-level managers must ensure that mutual safety obligations between supervisor and workers are fulfilled. This enables the PCS to be introduced as a new 'predictor' of safety climate. Practical applications: The novel outcome of the research could be considered as a management intervention to modify supervisors' behavior to produce better safety outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Tanvi Newaz
- School of Architecture and Built Environment, The University of Newcastle, Australia.
| | - Peter Davis
- School of Architecture and Built Environment, The University of Newcastle, Australia.
| | - Marcus Jefferies
- School of Architecture and Built Environment, The University of Newcastle, Australia.
| | - Manikam Pillay
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Australia.
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11
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Xia N, Griffin MA, Wang X, Liu X, Wang D. Is there agreement between worker self and supervisor assessment of worker safety performance? An examination in the construction industry. JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH 2018; 65:29-37. [PMID: 29776527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsr.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Individual safety performance (behavior) critically influences safety outcomes in high-risk workplaces. Compared to the study of generic work performance on different measurements, few studies have investigated different measurements of safety performance, typically relying on employees' self-reflection of their safety behavior. This research aims to address this limitation by including worker self-reflection and other (i.e., supervisor) assessment of two worker safety performance dimensions, safety compliance and safety participation. METHOD A sample of 105 workers and 17 supervisors in 17 groups in the Chinese construction industry participated in this study. Comparisons were made between worker compliance and participation in each measurement, and between workers' and supervisors' assessment of workers' compliance and participation. Multilevel modeling was adopted to test the moderating effects on the worker self-reflection and supervisor-assessment relationship by group safety climate and the work experience of supervisors. RESULTS Higher levels of safety compliance than participation were found for self-reflection and supervisor assessment. The discrepancy between the two measurements in each safety performance dimension was significant. The work experience of supervisors attenuated the discrepancy between self- and supervisor-assessment of compliance. Contrary to our expectations, the moderating effect of group safety climate was not supported. CONCLUSIONS The discrepancy between worker self- and supervisor-assessment of worker safety performance, thus, suggests the importance of including alternative measurements of safety performance in addition to self-reflection. Lower levels of participation behavior in both raters suggest more research on the motivators of participatory behavior. Practical applications The discrepancy between different raters can lead to negative reactions of ratees, suggesting that managers should be aware of that difference. Assigning experienced supervisors as raters can be effective at mitigating interrater discrepancy and conflicts in the assessment of compliance behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nini Xia
- College of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
| | - Mark A Griffin
- Centre for Safety, The University of Western Australia Business School, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
| | - Xueqing Wang
- College of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Xing Liu
- College of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
| | - Dan Wang
- College of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
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Pelzang R, Johnstone MJ, Hutchinson AM. Culture matters: indigenizing patient safety in Bhutan. Health Policy Plan 2018; 32:1042-1048. [PMID: 28430978 DOI: 10.1093/heapol/czx042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies show that if quality of healthcare in a country is to be achieved, due consideration must be given to the importance of the core cultural values as a critical factor in improving patient safety outcomes. The influence of Bhutan's traditional (core) cultural values on the attitudes and behaviours of healthcare professionals regarding patient care are not known. This study aimed to explore the possible influence of Bhutan's traditional cultural values on staff attitudes towards patient safety and quality care. Undertaken as a qualitative exploratory descriptive inquiry, a purposeful sample of 94 healthcare professionals and managers were recruited from three levels of hospitals, a training institute and the Ministry of Health. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis strategies. The findings of the study suggest that Bhutanese traditional cultural values have both productive and counterproductive influences on staff attitudes towards healthcare delivery and the processes that need to be in place to ensure patient safety. Productive influences encompassed: karmic incentives to avoid preventable harm and promote safe patient care; and the prospective adoption of the 'four harmonious friends' as a culturally meaningful frame for improving understanding of the role and importance of teamwork in enhancing patient safety. Counterproductive influences included: the adoption of hierarchical and authoritative styles of management; unilateral decision-making; the legitimization of karmic beliefs; differential treatment of patients; and preferences for traditional healing practices and rituals. Although problematic in some areas, Bhutan's traditional cultural values could be used positively to inform and frame an effective model for improving patient safety in Bhutan's hospitals. Such a model must entail the institution of an 'indigenized' patient safety program, with patient safety research and reporting systems framed around local patient safety concerns and solutions, including religious and cultural concepts, values and perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinchen Pelzang
- Faculty of Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Rd, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Megan-Jane Johnstone
- Faculty of Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Rd, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Alison M Hutchinson
- Faculty of Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Rd, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
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Johns G. Advances in the Treatment of Context in Organizational Research. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY AND ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR 2018. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-032117-104406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Although scholars in the field of organizational behavior have raised concerns about a lack of contextual appreciation, there has been a recent embrace of contextual thinking in the organizational sciences. In this review, I discuss several recent theories and measures of context. The added value of a contextual approach is illustrated by how context can shape personality, how it affects the emergence of work designs, and how it benefits the study of organizational demography. Future research topics include context cue sensitivity, the way context is shaped, the mediators of context effects, and the breadth and limits of contextual impact. A recurrent theme is that although context enables a demarcation of what is distinctive about situations, it also permits integration across research areas and levels of analysis, identifying what they have in common as settings for organizational behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary Johns
- John Molson School of Business, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3G 1M8
- Sauder School of Business, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z2
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14
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Predictors of safety training transfer support as in-role behavior of occupational health and safety professionals. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT 2017. [DOI: 10.1108/ejtd-03-2017-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to identify individual and contextual influences on in-house safety trainers’ role orientation toward the transfer of training (TT).
Design/methodology/approach
The authors tested a model where felt-responsibility for TT mediates the influence of job resources (i.e. autonomy, access to resources, access to information and organizational support) on trainers’ definition of their role and where training safety climate exerts a moderator effect. Data were collected from 201 Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) professionals, all in-house safety trainers, of large public and private companies. Structural equation modeling was used to test the hypotheses.
Findings
The model highlighted the mediating influence of felt-responsibility in the interplay between job resources and role orientation, the moderating influence of safety climate on the relationship of autonomy and organizational support on role definition, but not access to resources and access to information on role definition in the TT. Results suggest that how much safety trainers consider supporting the TT as a part of their overall role is affected by autonomy and organizational support through a sense of responsibility regarding training results, and these effects are influenced by the perceived importance of safety training to the organization.
Research limitations/implications
The study is cross-sectional and used self-reported data, meaning that causal inferences should be carefully drawn. Further studies should explore other sources of influence over felt-responsibility, for example, supervisors’ support for transfer, the relationship between how in-house safety trainers define their role in the transfer process and trainees’ effective application of their new knowledge and skills.
Practical implications
Companies should overtly signal the importance of safety training to in-house safety trainers because it will elicit, by reciprocity, a greater sense of personal responsibility and increased efforts concerning training success.
Originality/value
No previous research looked at how in-house trainers define their role in the TT, as well as the individual and contextual factors that influence their efforts toward the efficacy of training.
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Nyarugwe SP, Linnemann A, Hofstede GJ, Fogliano V, Luning PA. Determinants for conducting food safety culture research. Trends Food Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2016.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Martinez-Fiestas M, Rodríguez-Garzón I, Delgado-Padial A, Lucas-Ruiz V. Analysis of perceived risk among construction workers: a cross-cultural study and reflection on the Hofstede model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2016; 23:307-317. [PMID: 27309591 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2016.1198621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This article presents a cross-cultural study on perceived risk in the construction industry. Worker samples from three different countries were studied: Spain, Peru and Nicaragua. The main goal was to explain how construction workers perceive their occupational hazard and to analyze how this is related to their national culture. The model used to measure perceived risk was the psychometric paradigm. The results show three very similar profiles, indicating that risk perception is independent of nationality. A cultural analysis was conducted using the Hofstede model. The results of this analysis and the relation to perceived risk showed that risk perception in construction is independent of national culture. Finally, a multiple lineal regression analysis was conducted to determine what qualitative attributes could predict the global quantitative size of risk perception. All of the findings have important implications regarding the management of safety in the workplace.
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Noort MC, Reader TW, Shorrock S, Kirwan B. The relationship between national culture and safety culture: Implications for international safety culture assessments. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2015; 89:515-538. [PMID: 27773968 PMCID: PMC5064631 DOI: 10.1111/joop.12139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this article, we examine the relationship between safety culture and national culture, and the implications of this relationship for international safety culture assessments. Focussing on Hofstede's uncertainty avoidance (UA) index, a survey study of 13,616 Air Traffic Management employees in 21 European countries found a negative association between safety culture and national norm data for UA. This is theorized to reflect the influence of national tendencies for UA upon attitudes and practices for managing safety (e.g., anxiety on risk; reliance on protocols; concerns over reporting incidents; openness to different perspectives). The relationship between UA and safety culture is likely to have implications for international safety culture assessments. Specifically, benchmarking exercises will consistently indicate safety management within organizations in high UA countries to be poorer than low UA countries due to the influence of national culture upon safety practices, which may limit opportunities for identifying and sharing best practice. We propose the use of safety culture against international group norms (SIGN) scores to statistically adjust for the influence of UA upon safety culture data, and to support the identification of safety practices effective and particular to low or high UA cultures. Practitioner points National cultural tendencies for uncertainty avoidance (UA) are negatively associated with safety culture. This indicates that employee safety‐related attitudes and practices may be influenced by national culture, and thus factors outside the direct control of organizational management. International safety culture assessments should attempt to determine the influence of national culture upon safety culture in order that benchmarking exercises compare aspects of safety management and not national culture. Safety culture against international group norms (SIGN) scores provide a potential way to do this, and can facilitate the identification of best practice within countries operating in a low or high UA cultural cluster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark C Noort
- London School of Economics and Political Science UK; NATS Whitely UK
| | - Tom W Reader
- London School of Economics and Political Science UK
| | - Steven Shorrock
- EUROCONTROL Brétigny-sur-Orge France; School of Aviation University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
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Barbaranelli C, Petitta L, Probst TM. Does safety climate predict safety performance in Italy and the USA? Cross-cultural validation of a theoretical model of safety climate. ACCIDENT; ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION 2015; 77:35-44. [PMID: 25697669 DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2015.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have acknowledged the relevance of assessing the measurement equivalence of safety related measures across different groups, and demonstrating whether the existence of disparities in safety perceptions might impair direct group comparisons. The Griffin and Neal (2000) model of safety climate, and the accompanying measure (Neal et al. [NGH], 2000), are both widely cited and utilized. Yet neither the model in its entirety nor the measure have been previously validated across different national contexts. The current study is the first to examine the NGH measurement equivalence by testing whether their model of safety climate predicting safety performance is tenable in both English speaking and non-English speaking countries. The study involved 616 employees from 21 organizations in the US, and 738 employees from 20 organizations in Italy. A multi-group confirmatory factor analytic approach was used to assess the equivalence of the measures across the two countries. Similarly, the structural model of relations among the NGH variables was examined in order to demonstrate its cross-country invariance. Results substantially support strict invariance across groups for the NGH safety scales. Moreover, the invariance across countries is also demonstrated for the effects of safety climate on safety knowledge and motivation, which in turn positively relate to both compliance and participation. Our findings have relevant theoretical implications by establishing measurement and relational equivalence of the NGH model. Practical implications are discussed for managers and practitioners dealing with multi-national organizational contexts. Future research should continue to investigate potential differences in safety related perceptions across additional non-English speaking countries.
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Burke MJ. Is There a Fly in the “Systematic Review” Ointment? INDUSTRIAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY-PERSPECTIVES ON SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1754-9434.2010.01291.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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McCaughey D, DelliFraine J, Erwin CO. Best practices to promote occupational safety and satisfaction: a comparison of three North American hospitals. Adv Health Care Manag 2015; 17:137-159. [PMID: 25985511 DOI: 10.1108/s1474-823120140000017008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hospitals in North America consistently have employee injury rates ranking among the highest of all industries. Organizations that mandate workplace safety training and emphasize safety compliance tend to have lower injury rates and better employee safety perceptions. However, it is unclear if the work environment in different national health care systems (United States vs. Canada) is associated with different employee safety perceptions or injury rates. This study examines occupational safety and workplace satisfaction in two different countries with employees working for the same organization. METHODOLOGY/APPROACH Survey data were collected from environmental services employees (n = 148) at three matched hospitals (two in Canada and one in the United States). The relationships that were examined included: (1) safety leadership and safety training with individual/unit safety perceptions; (2) supervisor and coworker support with individual job satisfaction and turnover intention; and (3) unit turnover, labor usage, and injury rates. FINDINGS Hierarchical regression analysis and ANO VA found safety leadership and safety training to be positively related to individual safety perceptions, and unit safety grade and effects were similar across all hospitals. Supervisor and coworker support were found to be related to individual and organizational outcomes and significant differences were found across the hospitals. Significant differences were found in injury rates, days missed, and turnover across the hospitals. ORIGINALITY/VALUE This study offers support for occupational safety training as a viable mechanism to reduce employee injury rates and that a codified training program translates across national borders. Significant differences were found.between the hospitals with respect to employee and organizational outcomes (e.g., turnover). These findings suggest that work environment differences are reflective of the immediate work group and environment, and may reflect national health care system differences.
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Burgel BJ, Novak DA, Carpenter HE, Gruden M, Lachat AM, Taormina D. Occupational health nurses’ achievement of competence and comfort in respiratory protection and preferred learning methods results of a nationwide survey. Workplace Health Saf 2014; 62:56-68. [PMID: 24812690 DOI: 10.1177/216507991406200203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Additional findings are presented from a 2012 nationwide survey of 2,072 occupational health nurses regarding how they achieved competence in respiratory protection, their preferred methods of learning, and how they motivated employees to use respiratory protection. On-the-job training, taking a National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health spirometry course, or attending professional conferences were the primary ways occupational health nurses gained respiratory protection knowledge. Attending professional conferences was the preferred method of learning, varying by type of industry and years of occupational health nurse experience. Employee motivational strategies were not widely used; the most common strategy was to tailor respiratory protection training to workplace culture. Designing training methods that match learning preferences, within the context of the organization's safety and quality improvement culture, is a key recommendation supported by the literature and these findings. Including respiratory protection content and competencies in all levels of academic nursing education is an additional recommendation. Additional research is needed to link training strategies with consistent and correct use of respiratory protection by employees.
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Burgel BJ, Novak DA, Carpenter HE, Gruden M, Lachat AM, Taormina D. Occupational Health Nurses’ Achievement of Competence and Comfort in Respiratory Protection and Preferred Learning Methods: Results of a Nationwide Survey. Workplace Health Saf 2014. [DOI: 10.3928/21650799-20140121-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Bahari SF, Clarke S. Cross-validation of an employee safety climate model in Malaysia. JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH 2013; 45:1-6. [PMID: 23708470 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsr.2012.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Revised: 11/26/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
PROBLEM Whilst substantial research has investigated the nature of safety climate, and its importance as a leading indicator of organisational safety, much of this research has been conducted with Western industrial samples. The current study focuses on the cross-validation of a safety climate model in the non-Western industrial context of Malaysian manufacturing. METHOD The first-order factorial validity of Cheyne et al.'s (1998) [Cheyne, A., Cox, S., Oliver, A., Tomas, J.M., 1998. Modelling safety climate in the prediction of levels of safety activity. Work and Stress, 12(3), 255-271] model was tested, using confirmatory factor analysis, in a Malaysian sample. RESULTS Results showed that the model fit indices were below accepted levels, indicating that the original Cheyne et al. (1998) safety climate model was not supported. An alternative three-factor model was developed using exploratory factor analysis. DISCUSSION Although these findings are not consistent with previously reported cross-validation studies, we argue that previous studies have focused on validation across Western samples, and that the current study demonstrates the need to take account of cultural factors in the development of safety climate models intended for use in non-Western contexts. IMPACT ON INDUSTRY The results have important implications for the transferability of existing safety climate models across cultures (for example, in global organisations) and highlight the need for future research to examine cross-cultural issues in relation to safety climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Fatimah Bahari
- Faculty of Management and Human Resource Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru Campus, 81310 Skudai, Johor Malaysia.
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Bernstrøm VH, Lone JA, Bjørkli CA, Ulleberg P, Hoff T. Assessing a Norwegian Translation of the Organizational Climate Measure. Psychol Rep 2013; 112:390-407. [DOI: 10.2466/01.08.pr0.112.2.390-407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the Norwegian translation of the Organizational Climate Measure developed by Patterson and colleagues. The Organizational Climate Measure is a global measure of organizational climate based on Quinn and Rohrbaugh's competing values model. The survey was administered to a Norwegian branch of an international service sector company ( N = 555). The results revealed satisfactory internal reliability and interrater agreement for the 17 scales, and confirmatory factor analysis supported the original factor structure. The findings gave preliminary support for the Organizational Climate Measure as a reliable measure with a stable factor structure, and indicated that it is potentially useful in the Norwegian context.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Thomas Hoff
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo
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Lohse-Bossenz H, Kunina-Habenicht O, Kunter M. Estimating within-group agreement in small groups: A proposed adjustment for the average deviation index. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WORK AND ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/1359432x.2012.748189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Lohse-Bossenz
- a Goethe-Universität Frankfurt – AB Pädagogische Psychologie , Senckenberganlage 15, 60325 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Olga Kunina-Habenicht
- a Goethe-Universität Frankfurt – AB Pädagogische Psychologie , Senckenberganlage 15, 60325 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Mareike Kunter
- a Goethe-Universität Frankfurt – AB Pädagogische Psychologie , Senckenberganlage 15, 60325 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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Grossman R, Salas E. The transfer of training: what really matters. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2419.2011.00373.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 404] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Workplace safety: a multilevel, interdisciplinary perspective. RESEARCH IN PERSONNEL AND HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT 2010. [DOI: 10.1108/s0742-7301(2010)0000029003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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