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Affiliation(s)
- S. K. Mitra
- Department of Computer Science, University of Reading, Whiteknights Park, ReadingRG6 2AX, England
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Abstract
This paper summarizes the scientific trends associated with the rapid development of the technique of high-energy X-ray diffraction over the past decade pertaining to the field of liquids, glasses, and amorphous materials. The measurement of high-quality X-ray structure factors out to large momentum transfers leads to high-resolution pair distribution functions which can be directly compared to theory or combined with data from other experimental techniques. The advantages of combining highly penetrating radiation with low angle scattering are outlined together with the data analysis procedure and formalism. Also included are advances in high-energy synchrotron beamline instrumentation, sample environment equipment, and an overview of the role of simulation and modeling for interpreting data from disordered materials. Several examples of recent trends in glass and liquid research are described. Finally, directions for future research are considered within the context of past and current developments in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. J. Benmore
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1604, USA
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Rustad JR, Yuen DA, Spera FJ. The statistical geometry of amorphous silica at lower mantle pressures: Implications for melting slopes of silicates and anharmonicity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/91jb01925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Levine SM, Garofalini SH. Surface Structure of Silica Glasses by Molecular Dynamics Simulations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-61-29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTMolecular dynamics computer simulations were used to study surfaces of pure silica glass. The potentials used here were those previously established to model bulk silica and have been extended to study surface relaxation in a perfect vacuum. A large number of surfaces were made using different starting configurations; system sizes, and cooling procedures. Following “fracture”, many broken bonds rearranged in response to the changes in the net forces in the surface region. After this reconstruction, the simulations showed the expected general features observed experimentally, such as a prevalence of oxygen atoms at the outermost surface, non-bridging oxygens, and strained siloxane bonds. Three fold silicons (similar to e’ centers) were initially present in the “fractured” surfaces but most often were incorporated into the network tetrahedrally after reconstruction. Other defects produced during the reconstruction were five coordinated silicons and more importantly, edge sharing tetrahedra, forming the strained siloxane bonds. Bond angles and bond lengths for each defect were determined, showing good agreement with previously published results as well as providing new information. Finally, estimations for silanol concentrations were made which compare well with experimentally determined coverages. The computer simulation technique used here adequately reproduces many of the structural and dynamic characteristics of silica glass surfaces.
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Belashchenko DK. Computer simulation of the structure and properties of non-crystalline oxides. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2007. [DOI: 10.1070/rc1997v066n09abeh000236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Gladden LF, Carpenter TA, Elliott SR. 29Si MAS NMR studies of the spin-lattice relaxation time and bond-angle distribution in vitreous silica. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/01418638608244284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. F. Gladden
- a Department of Physical Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road, Cambridge , England
| | - T. A. Carpenter
- a Department of Physical Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road, Cambridge , England
| | - S. R. Elliott
- a Department of Physical Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road, Cambridge , England
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Doan PNV. Etude en dynamique moleculaire des défauts créés par irradiation dans la silice vitreuse. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/01418618408233295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Vessal B, Amini M, Fincham D, Catlow CRA. Water-like melting behaviour of SiO2 investigated by the molecular dynamics simulation technique. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/13642818908209741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Vessal
- a Department of Chemistry , University of Keele , Keele, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, England
- b The Atlas Centre, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Chilton , Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, England
| | - M. Amini
- c Department of Physics , University of Keele , Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, England
| | - D. Fincham
- d Computer Centre , University of Keele , Keele , Staffordshire , ST5 5BG , England
| | - C. R. A. Catlow
- a Department of Chemistry , University of Keele , Keele, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, England
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Mitra SK, Hockney RW. Molecular dynamics simulation of the structure of soda silica. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/13642818308226467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. K. Mitra
- a Department of Computer Science , University of Reading Whiteknights Park , Reading , England
| | - R. W. Hockney
- a Department of Computer Science , University of Reading Whiteknights Park , Reading , England
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Calas G, Cormier L, Galoisy L, Jollivet P. Structure–property relationships in multicomponent oxide glasses. CR CHIM 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s1631-0748(02)01459-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Vollmayr K, Kob W, Binder K. Cooling-rate effects in amorphous silica: A computer-simulation study. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 54:15808-15827. [PMID: 9985651 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.54.15808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Huang MZ, Ching WY. Electron states in a nearly ideal random-network model of amorphous SiO2 glass. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 54:5299-5308. [PMID: 9986487 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.54.5299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Suzuki M, Masaki Y, Kitagawa A. Model for the glass transition in amorphous solids based on fragmentation. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 53:3124-3131. [PMID: 9983821 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.53.3124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Mahler J, Sebald A. Deconvolution of 29Si magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of silicate glasses revisited--some critical comments. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 1995; 5:63-78. [PMID: 8748645 DOI: 10.1016/0926-2040(95)00027-n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
It is common practice to quantify 29Si magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR) spectra of silicate glasses by using lineshape fitting routines based on Gaussian distribution functions. This procedure depends on several -implicit -assumptions. In this contribution we have addressed and questioned these underlying assumptions. Also "goodness-of-fit" criteria and experimental considerations ("goodness-of-data") have been discussed. Some illustrative practical examples (silica glass, binary Na2O-SiO2 glasses with different Na:Si ratio) are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Mahler
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, Universität Bayreuth, Germany
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Yablonskii GS, Kundirenko DV, Kulabukhova LA, Barash NY. Modelling structural changes in the near-surface region in amorphous silica. THEOR EXP CHEM+ 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00536136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Cormier G, Capobianco JA, Morrison CA, Monteil A. Molecular-dynamics simulation of the trivalent europium ion doped in sodium disilicate glass: Electronic absorption and emission spectra. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1993; 48:16290-16303. [PMID: 10008210 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.48.16290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Jin W, Vashishta P, Kalia RK, Rino JP. Dynamic structure factor and vibrational properties of SiO2 glass. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1993; 48:9359-9368. [PMID: 10007173 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.48.9359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Rino JP, Ebbsjö I, Kalia RK, Nakano A, Vashishta P. Structure of rings in vitreous SiO2. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1993; 47:3053-3062. [PMID: 10006384 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.47.3053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Vessal B, Greaves GN, Marten PT, Chadwick AV, Mole R, Houde-Walter S. Cation microsegregation and ionic mobility in mixed alkali glasses. Nature 1992. [DOI: 10.1038/356504a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Huang C, Cormack AN. Structural differences and phase separation in alkali silicate glasses. J Chem Phys 1991. [DOI: 10.1063/1.460814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Rustad JR, Yuen DA, Spera FJ. Molecular dynamics of amorphous silica at very high pressures (135 GPa): Thermodynamics and extraction of structures through analysis of Voronoi polyhedra. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1991; 44:2108-2121. [PMID: 9999759 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.44.2108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Rustad JR, Yuen DA, Spera FJ. Molecular dynamics of liquid SiO2 under high pressure. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1990; 42:2081-2089. [PMID: 9904256 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.42.2081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Vashishta P, Kalia RK, Rino JP, Ebbsjö I. Interaction potential for SiO2: A molecular-dynamics study of structural correlations. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1990; 41:12197-12209. [PMID: 9993674 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.41.12197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Keen DA, McGreevy RL. Structural modelling of glasses using reverse Monte Carlo simulation. Nature 1990. [DOI: 10.1038/344423a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Vessal B, Leslie M, Catlow CRA. Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Silica Glass. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 1989. [DOI: 10.1080/08927028908034623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Levine SM, Garofalini SH. A structural analysis of the vitreous silica surface via a molecular dynamics computer simulation. J Chem Phys 1987. [DOI: 10.1063/1.452054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Klyava YG. Short-range order in noncrystalline solids experimental data. J STRUCT CHEM+ 1987. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00755218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Gupta RP. Electronic structure of crystalline and amorphous silicon dioxide. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1985; 32:8278-8292. [PMID: 9937011 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.32.8278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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Dell WJ, Mulkern RV, Bray PJ, Weber MJ, Brawer SA. Nuclear-magnetic-resonance studies and molecular-dynamics simulations of the structure of sodium fluoroberyllate glasses: Evidence of non-tetrahedrally-coordinated beryllium. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1985; 31:2624-2633. [PMID: 9936104 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.31.2624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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Dupree E, Pettifer RF. Determination of the Si–O–Si bond angle distribution in vitreous silica by magic angle spinning NMR. Nature 1984. [DOI: 10.1038/308523a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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