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Hudani A, Kimani K, Njambi L, Dimaras H. Navigating familial retinoblastoma in Kenya: A mother's journey. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2024; 71:e31191. [PMID: 38965705 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.31191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashna Hudani
- International Development, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Kahaki Kimani
- Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Lucy Njambi
- Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Helen Dimaras
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Division of Clinical Public Health, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences Program, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Centre for Global Child Health, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
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Lemmen J, Njuguna F, Verhulst S, Vik TA, Ket JCF, Kaspers G, Mostert S. Late Effects of Childhood Cancer Survivors in Africa: a Scoping Review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2023; 185:103981. [PMID: 37003444 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.103981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The number of children surviving cancer in Africa is increasing. Knowledge about late effects of survivors is lacking. Our study maps literature regarding late effects of childhood cancer survivors in Africa. METHODS Scoping review was performed following JBI-guidelines. Systematic literature search was conducted in: Medline, Embase, African Index Medicus, Web of Science, Scopus, Psycinfo. Titles and abstracts were screened by two reviewers, followed by full-text analysis by the lead reviewer. RESULTS Sixty-eight studies were included for content analysis. Studies originated from 10 of 54 African countries. Most studies had retrospective study design, 2-5 years follow-up, solely chemotherapy as treatment modality, Egypt as country of origin. Fifty-three studies described physical, and seventeen studies described psychosocial late effects. CONCLUSION Literature concerning late effects is available from a limited number of African countries. Psychosocial domain lacks attention compared to the physical domain. More countries should report on this topic to prevent, identify and monitor late effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse Lemmen
- Emma's Children Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Pediatric oncology, the Netherlands; Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Festus Njuguna
- Department of Child Health and Pediatrics, Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya
| | - Sanne Verhulst
- Emma's Children Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Pediatric oncology, the Netherlands
| | - Terry A Vik
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, United States of America
| | | | - Gertjan Kaspers
- Emma's Children Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Pediatric oncology, the Netherlands; Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Saskia Mostert
- Emma's Children Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Pediatric oncology, the Netherlands; Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Eid OM, El Zomor H, Mohamed AM, El-Bassyouni HT, Afifi HH, El-Ayadi M, Sadek SH, Hammad SA, Salem SI, Mahrous R, Fadel IM, Refaat K, Afifi MA, Shelil AE, Ziko OAO, Abdel Azeem AA, El-Haddad A. Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification versus fluorescent in situ hybridization for screening RB1 copy number variations in Egyptian patients with retinoblastoma. Ophthalmic Genet 2022; 43:789-794. [PMID: 36098066 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2022.2116650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common primary intraocular malignant tumor in children. RB is mostly caused by biallelic mutations in RB1 and occurs in hereditary and non-hereditary forms according to the "two-hit" theory. RB1 mutations comprise point mutations, indels, large deletions, and duplications. Genetic testing is essential for the comprehensive treatment and management of patients with RB. AIM The aim was to evaluate RB1 copy number variations (CNVs) using MLPA versus FISH assays in group of Egyptian patients with RB. RESULTS 16.67% showed an RB1 deletion, abnormal methylation status, or both. CONCLUSION Our results suggested MLPA is a fast, reliable, and powerful method and should be used as a first-line screening tool for detecting RB1 CNVs in patients with RB. Moreover, MLPA is advantageous as it evaluates the methylation status/inactivation of RB1, not possible by FISH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola M Eid
- Human Cytogenetics Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hosam El Zomor
- Pediatric Department, Children's Cancer Hospital, Cairo, Egypt.,Pediatric Oncology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal M Mohamed
- Human Cytogenetics Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Hanan H Afifi
- Clinical Genetics Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Moatasem El-Ayadi
- Pediatric Department, Children's Cancer Hospital, Cairo, Egypt.,Pediatric Oncology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sherin H Sadek
- Ophthalmology Department, Children's Cancer Hospital, Egypt.,Ophthalmology Department, Fayoum University, Faiyum, Egypt
| | - Saida A Hammad
- Human Cytogenetics Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sherine I Salem
- Clinical Pathology Department, Children's Cancer Hospital, Egypt.,Clinical Pathology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rana Mahrous
- Human Cytogenetics Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Islam M Fadel
- Human Cytogenetics Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khaled Refaat
- Human Cytogenetics Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Abdallah E Shelil
- Ophthalmology Department, Children's Cancer Hospital, Egypt.,Ophthalmology Department, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Othman A O Ziko
- Ophthalmology Department, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amira A Abdel Azeem
- Ophthalmic Genetics Department, Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Alaa El-Haddad
- Pediatric Department, Children's Cancer Hospital, Cairo, Egypt.,Pediatric Oncology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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4
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Busch M, Miroschnikov N, Dankert JT, Wiesehöfer M, Metz K, Stephan H, Dünker N. Impact of RARα and miR-138 on retinoblastoma etoposide resistance. Tumour Biol 2021; 43:11-26. [PMID: 33935126 DOI: 10.3233/tub-200072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common childhood eye cancer. Chemotherapeutic drugs such as etoposide used in RB treatment often cause massive side effects and acquired drug resistances. Dysregulated genes and miRNAs have a large impact on cancer progression and development of chemotherapy resistances. OBJECTIVE This study was designed to investigate the involvement of retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARα) in RB progression and chemoresistance as well as the impact of miR-138, a potential RARα regulating miRNA. METHODS RARα and miR-138 expression in etoposide resistant RB cell lines and chemotherapy treated patient tumors compared to non-treated tumors was revealed by Real-Time PCR. Overexpression approaches were performed to analyze the effects of RARα on RB cell viability, apoptosis, proliferation and tumorigenesis. Besides, we addressed the effect of miR-138 overexpression on RB cell chemotherapy resistance. RESULTS A binding between miR-138 and RARα was shown by dual luciferase reporter gene assay. The study presented revealed that RARα is downregulated in etoposide resistant RB cells, while miR-138 is endogenously upregulated. Opposing RARα and miR-138 expression levels were detectable in chemotherapy pre-treated compared to non-treated RB tumor specimen. Overexpression of RARα increases apoptosis levels and reduces tumor cell growth of aggressive etoposide resistant RB cells in vitro and in vivo. Overexpression of miR-138 in chemo-sensitive RB cell lines partly enhances cell viability after etoposide treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show that RARα acts as a tumor suppressor in retinoblastoma and is downregulated upon etoposide resistance in RB cells. Thus, RARα may contribute to the development and progression of RB chemo-resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maike Busch
- Institute of Anatomy II, Department of Neuroanatomy, University of Duisburg-Essen, Medical Faculty, Essen, Germany
| | - Natalia Miroschnikov
- Institute of Anatomy II, Department of Neuroanatomy, University of Duisburg-Essen, Medical Faculty, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Marc Wiesehöfer
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Duisburg-Essen, Medical Faculty, Essen, Germany
| | - Klaus Metz
- Institute of Pathology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Medical Faculty, Essen, Germany
| | - Harald Stephan
- Division of Haematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Nicole Dünker
- Institute of Anatomy II, Department of Neuroanatomy, University of Duisburg-Essen, Medical Faculty, Essen, Germany
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Dai XZ, Wang LY, Shan Y, Qian J, Xue K, Ye J. Clinicopathological analysis of 719 pediatric and adolescents' ocular tumors and tumor-like lesions: a retrospective study from 2000 to 2018 in China. Int J Ophthalmol 2020; 13:1961-1967. [PMID: 33344197 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2020.12.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To describe the clinicopathologic features and classification of pediatric and adolescent ocular tumors and tumor-like lesions. METHODS A total of 719 cases of pathologically confirmed ocular tumors and tumor-like lesions in a pediatric population from two academic institutions over an 18-year period were retrospectively analyzed. The main outcome measures were the clinical and pathological features of the cases. RESULTS Benign tumors accounted for 92.1% of all cases while malignant tumors accounted for 7.9%. The most common ocular benign tumors were (epi-)dermoid cysts (19.8%), nevi (15.2%), corneal dermoid tumors (9.8%), and calcified epitheliomas (8.8%). The most common ocular malignant tumors were retinoblastoma (80.8%), and rhabdomyosarcoma (3.9%). Eyelid and ocular surface tumors comprised 73.3% of benign tumors while intraocular and orbital cavity comprised 94.2% of malignant tumors. For tumor site, the upper eyelid was up to 1.79 times more than lower eyelid (P<0.05). Age at surgery and sex also had an association with different lesions (P=0.006, P=0.035, respectively). CONCLUSION Most ocular tumors and tumor-like lesions in children and adolescents are benign. Pediatric ocular tumors are distinct from those in adults in terms of histological origin. (Epi-)dermoid cysts are the most common benign tumors while retinoblastomas the most common malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Zhe Dai
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lin-Yan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yi Shan
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jiang Qian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Kang Xue
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Juan Ye
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
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Song L, Wang Y, Zhang W, Zhang D, Wang X, Wang Z, Zhao Y, Zhang C, Duan C, Sun T, Zhang L, Yang X. Characteristics of Myelogram in Patients with Extraocular Metastatic Retinoblastoma and Morphological Analysis of Tumor Cells in Bone Marrow and Cerebrospinal Fluid. Ophthalmologica 2020; 244:326-333. [PMID: 33045702 DOI: 10.1159/000512193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinoblastoma (RB) is a common intraocular malignant tumor in infants and young children. However, reports on the morphological descriptions of RB tumor cells from native and foreign scholars are rare. OBJECTIVES To investigate the myelogram characteristics of RB with extraocular tumor extension and the morphological characteristics of tumor cells in the bone marrow and cerebrospinal fluid. METHODS For the period from May 2011 to February 2015, we analyzed clinical data on 18 patients in our hospital diagnosed as having metastatic RB in the extraocular and other distant regions associated with clear bone marrow metastasis. The morphology of tumor cells in the bone marrow and cerebrospinal fluid was retrospectively analyzed after staining with Wright-Giemsa stain. A summary of the cytological characteristics was also presented. RESULTS RB tumor cells in the bone marrow and cerebrospinal fluid not only appeared as aggregated clumps, but were distributed in a scattered manner. The tumor cells may present different characteristic morphologies in different cases, with different tumor cell smears from the same tumor mass even showing different features. According to the degree of tumor metastasis, changes in myelogram were significantly different. CONCLUSION The tumor cells of RB patients show unique morphological characteristics in the bone marrow and cerebrospinal fluid. Therefore, correct identification of the cells is of great value in the diagnosis, staging, and prognosis of RB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Medical Centre, Chinese PLA (People's Liberation Army) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yufei Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Medical Centre, Chinese PLA (People's Liberation Army) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Medical Centre, Chinese PLA (People's Liberation Army) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Medical Centre, Chinese PLA (People's Liberation Army) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiumei Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Medical Centre, Chinese PLA (People's Liberation Army) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenghui Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Medical Centre, Chinese PLA (People's Liberation Army) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yiwen Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Medical Centre, Chinese PLA (People's Liberation Army) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Cui Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Medical Centre, Chinese PLA (People's Liberation Army) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Cuijuan Duan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Medical Centre, Chinese PLA (People's Liberation Army) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Medical Centre, Chinese PLA (People's Liberation Army) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Medical Centre, Chinese PLA (People's Liberation Army) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoli Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Medical Centre, Chinese PLA (People's Liberation Army) General Hospital, Beijing, China
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ROUTINE FUNDUS SCREENING OF FAMILIES OF CHILDREN WITH RETINOBLASTOMA: A Prospective Study of 131 Consecutive Families. Retina 2020; 39:1326-1332. [PMID: 29470311 DOI: 10.1097/iae.0000000000002134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To discuss the importance of routine ophthalmic examination of parents and siblings of retinoblastoma (RB) patients. METHODS Prospective nonrandomized observational/interventional case series of consecutive families of 131 RB patients. RESULTS Routine ophthalmic examination of families (parents and siblings) of 131 consecutive newly diagnosed RB patients, including 262 parents and 23 siblings, revealed spontaneously regressed RB in at least 1 parent of 10 (8%) patients and active RB in at least 1 sibling of 3 (2%) patients. Of the 10 parents with spontaneously regressed RB, the lesions were unilateral (n = 7) or bilateral (n = 3). The regression patterns (n = 13) were comparable with postirradiation regression patterns Type 1 (n = 3), Type 2 (n = 2), Type 3 (n = 2), and Type 4 (n = 3), and spontaneous phthisis bulbi (n = 3). Fundus screening of siblings revealed active RB in at least 1 sibling of 3 (2%) patients. Of these 3 siblings, 2 had unilateral and 1 had bilateral disease. The mean age at detection of RB was 15 months (median, 6 months; range, 2-36 months). The disease was unilateral in 2 and bilateral in 1 patient. Based on International Classification of Intraocular Retinoblastoma, the tumors (n = 4) were classified as Group A (n = 2) and Group B (n = 2). CONCLUSION Routine fundus screening of siblings allows for early detection of RB in otherwise asymptomatic children. Detection of spontaneously regressed RB in parents may act as a surrogate marker for germline RB1 mutation and is helpful in genetic counseling.
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Yousef YA, Alkhoms A, AlJabari R, AlJboor M, Mohammad M, Lahlouh M, Deebajah R, Halalsheh H, Al-Hussaini M, Jaradat I, Shawagfeh M, Sultan I, Mehyar M, AlNawaiseh I. Programmed screening for retinoblastoma enhances early diagnosis and improves management outcome for high-risk children. Ophthalmic Genet 2020; 41:308-314. [PMID: 32432497 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2020.1766085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the impact of a Retinoblastoma (Rb) screening program in the absence of genetic testing on the management and outcome of high-risk children. METHODS This is a retrospective, clinical case series of 76 children from families involved in a Rb screening program as they had higher than normal risk as calculated by the conventional ways without genetic testing. Data included calculated risk, method of diagnosis, demographics, tumor features, treatment modalities, and management outcome. RESULTS Out of the 76 children screened, 46 children were diagnosed with Rb (12 by screening and 34 had signs of Rb), the other 30 were free of disease. Patients diagnosed by screening were younger (mean; 2.4 months vs 15.8 months for the group with signs of Rb), had significantly earlier tumor stage at diagnosis (p = .0001), higher eye salvage rate (p = .0001), less need for systemic chemotherapy (p = .022), and better visual outcome (p = .0017) than the other group. None of the eyes were group D or E, enucleated or irradiated. Six (50%) patients were cured without chemotherapy, and the visual acuity was 0.5 or better in 55% of eyes. Of interest, 71% of tumors were diagnosed by the age of 6 months, 90% by the age of 1 year, and no new tumor appeared after the age of 2 years. CONCLUSION Even in the absence of genetic testing, screening for children with high risk for Rb is effective in enhancing early diagnosis, improving visual outcome, and increasing eye salvage rate with limited exposure to treatment burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yacoub A Yousef
- Departments of Surgery (Ophthalmology), King Hussein Cancer Centre (KHCC) , Amman, Jordan
| | - Abdelrahman Alkhoms
- Departments of Surgery (Ophthalmology), King Hussein Cancer Centre (KHCC) , Amman, Jordan
| | - Reem AlJabari
- Departments of Surgery (Ophthalmology), King Hussein Cancer Centre (KHCC) , Amman, Jordan
| | - Mays AlJboor
- Departments of Surgery (Ophthalmology), King Hussein Cancer Centre (KHCC) , Amman, Jordan
| | - Mona Mohammad
- Departments of Surgery (Ophthalmology), King Hussein Cancer Centre (KHCC) , Amman, Jordan
| | - Maha Lahlouh
- Departments of Surgery (Ophthalmology), King Hussein Cancer Centre (KHCC) , Amman, Jordan
| | - Rasha Deebajah
- Pediatrics Oncology, King Hussein Cancer Centre (KHCC) , Amman, Jordan
| | - Hadeel Halalsheh
- Pediatrics Oncology, King Hussein Cancer Centre (KHCC) , Amman, Jordan
| | - Maysa Al-Hussaini
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Centre (KHCC) , Amman, Jordan
| | - Imad Jaradat
- Anesthesia, King Hussein Cancer Centre (KHCC) , Amman, Jordan
| | - Munir Shawagfeh
- Radiation Oncology, King Hussein Cancer Centre (KHCC) , Amman, Jordan
| | - Iyad Sultan
- Pediatrics Oncology, King Hussein Cancer Centre (KHCC) , Amman, Jordan
| | - Mustafa Mehyar
- Departments of Surgery (Ophthalmology), King Hussein Cancer Centre (KHCC) , Amman, Jordan
| | - Ibrahim AlNawaiseh
- Departments of Surgery (Ophthalmology), King Hussein Cancer Centre (KHCC) , Amman, Jordan
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Xiao W, Ji X, Ye H, Zeng H, Gao Y, Chen R, Chen X, Mao Y, Yang H. Parent Knowledge of Screening and Genetic Testing in Retinoblastoma. J Ophthalmol 2020; 2020:3839792. [PMID: 32351720 PMCID: PMC7171634 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3839792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate parent knowledge of screening and genetic testing for retinoblastoma and its potential correlation with demographics, clinical features, and socioeconomical factors. METHODS It was a cross-sectional study conducted at the ocular oncology unit of a tertiary ophthalmic center in Southern China. A face-to-face interview was administered to parents of retinoblastoma children during hospitalization. Parent knowledge was assessed using the sum score of a 7-item questionnaire. Demographics and socioeconomic status were collected from the interview, and clinical data were retrieved from the medical records. RESULTS A total of 126 parents of retinoblastoma children were included. Parents accurately answered 66.7% to 84.9% of each item in the questionnaire. Only 37 (29.4%) parents correctly answered all 7 questions. Parent knowledge was positively correlated with education, but it was not associated with patients' laterality, sex, or household income. Physicians and the Internet were the major sources of parental health-related information. During the median follow-up of 492 days, 13 (61.9%) of 21 patients in the full-score group without genetic testing at baseline actually conducted testing during follow-up compared to 29 of 67 (43.3%) in the less-than-full-score group (P=0.136). CONCLUSION Overall parent knowledge about retinoblastoma screening and genetic testing was moderate. Higher education was associated with greater parent knowledge. Future studies should validate our findings in other populations, especially in those with different cultural background and healthcare systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xian Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huijing Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huiqi Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rongxin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxiang Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huasheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Soliman SE, VandenHoven C, MacKeen LD, Gallie BL. Secondary Prevention of Retinoblastoma Revisited. Ophthalmology 2020; 127:122-127. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2019.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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Soliman SE, Eldomiaty W, Goweida MB, Dowidar A. Clinical presentation of retinoblastoma in Alexandria: A step toward earlier diagnosis. Saudi J Ophthalmol 2017; 31:80-85. [PMID: 28559718 PMCID: PMC5436382 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjopt.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the clinical presentation of retinoblastoma in Alexandria, Egypt, correlate the timing of accurate diagnosis with the presence of advanced disease and identify causes of delayed presentation. Methods Retrospective noncomparative single institution study reviews demographic and clinical data of all new children with retinoblastoma presenting to Alexandria Main University ocular oncology clinic (OOC) from January 2012 to June 2014. Diagnosis time was from initial parental complaint to retinoblastoma diagnosis and referral time was from retinoblastoma diagnosis to presentation to the Alexandria OCC. Delayed Diagnosis and referral were counted if >2 weeks. Advanced presentation is defined as clinical TNMH (8th edition) staging of cT2 or cT3 (international intraocular retinoblastoma classification group D or E) in at least one eye or the presence of extra-ocular disease (cT4). Results Seventy eyes of 47 children were eligible: 52% unilateral, 7% with family history and 96% presented with leukocorea. Sixty-four percent of children had advanced intraocular disease and none had extra-ocular disease. Delayed presentation occurred in 58% of children and was significantly associated with advanced disease in both unilaterally and bilaterally affected children (p = 0.003, 0.002 respectively). The delay in diagnosis was more in unilateral cases while the delay in referral was more in bilateral cases. The main cause of delayed presentation in unilateral retinoblastoma was misdiagnosis (30%) while parental shopping for second medical opinion (30%) was the main cause in bilateral children. Conclusions Delayed diagnosis is a problem affecting retinoblastoma management. Better medical education and training, health education and earlier screening are recommended to achieve earlier diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh E Soliman
- The Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt.,The Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wesam Eldomiaty
- The Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed B Goweida
- The Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amgad Dowidar
- The Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
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Familial Retinoblastoma: Raised Awareness Improves Early Diagnosis and Outcome. J Ophthalmol 2017; 2017:5053961. [PMID: 28348883 PMCID: PMC5350530 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5053961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose. To study the impact of awareness of retinoblastoma in the affected families on the management and outcome of familial retinoblastoma patients. Methods and Materials. This is a retrospective, clinical case series of 44 patients with familial retinoblastoma. Collected data included patient's demographics, laterality, family history, age at diagnosis, presenting signs, treatment modalities, tumor stage, eye salvage rate, metastasis, and mortality. Results. Out of 200 retinoblastoma patients in our registry, 44 (22%) patients were familial, 18 were probands, and 26 were second, third, or fourth affected family members. There were 76 affected eyes: 31 eyes of probands and 45 eyes of the other affected family members. Among probands, all patients (100%) had at least one eye enucleated: 58% (18 eyes) of the affected eyes were enucleated and 32% (10 eyes) of the affected eyes were radiated. On the other hand, among the nonprobands, only 20% had one eye enucleated, and only 4 eyes (9%) received radiation. The eye salvage rate was significantly higher in the nonprobands than in the probands in this series (p = 0.00206). Patients diagnosed by screening (38%) had excellent visual outcome, and both eyes were salvaged. Conclusion. Awareness of families of the possibility of retinoblastoma and adequate screening led to a significantly higher rate of eye salvage in patients with familial retinoblastoma.
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Soliman SE, Ulster A, MacDonald H, VandenHoven C, Toi A, Hèon E, Gallie B. Psychosocial determinants for treatment decisions in familial retinoblastoma. Ophthalmic Genet 2017; 38:392-394. [DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2016.1227458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sameh E. Soliman
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Alissa Ulster
- Department of Social Work, The Hospital For Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Heather MacDonald
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cynthia VandenHoven
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ants Toi
- Department of Medical Imaging, Mt. Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elise Hèon
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brenda Gallie
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Departments of Medical Biophysics and Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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