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García-Escobar G, Pérez-Enríquez C, Arrondo-Elizarán C, Pereira-Cuitiño B, Grau-Guinea L, Florido-Santiago M, Piqué-Candini J, Manero RM, Puig-Pijoan A, Peña-Casanova J, Sánchez-Benavides G. Spanish normative studies (NEURONORMA-Plus project): norms for the Delis Kaplan-Design Fluency Test, Color Trails Test, and Dual Task. Neurologia 2024; 39:160-169. [PMID: 37451342 DOI: 10.1016/j.nrleng.2021.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Complex attention and non-verbal fluency tasks are used in neuropsychological assessments with the aim of exploring subdomains of executive function. The purpose of this study is to provide norms and age-, education-, and sex-adjusted data for the Delis Kaplan-Design Fluency Test (DK-DFT), Color Trails Test (CTT), and Dual Task (DT) as part of the NEURONORMA-Plus project. METHODS The sample included 308 cognitively unimpaired individuals aged between 18 and 92 years. Raw scores were converted to age-adjusted scaled scores. These were further converted into education- and sex-adjusted scaled scores by applying linear regression, with 2 age groups (< 50 and ≥ 50 years). RESULTS Overall, age had a negative impact on DK-DFT and CTT performance. We observed a positive effect of education on DK-DFT scores only in the older group (≥ 50 years). Moreover, younger men performed slightly better in the basic condition of this test. Education was positively associated with all CTT scores in both age groups, with the exception of the CTT-1 subtest in the younger group. Age and education did not influence DT performance, whereas sex did, with young women performing slightly better. CONCLUSIONS These normative data may be useful in the interpretation of neuropsychological assessments in the Spanish population.
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Affiliation(s)
- G García-Escobar
- Grupo de Neurofuncionalidad y Lenguaje, Programa de Neurociencias, Instituto Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; Unidad de Deterioro Cognitivo y Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Pérez-Enríquez
- Grupo de Neurofuncionalidad y Lenguaje, Programa de Neurociencias, Instituto Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; Unidad de Epilepsia, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Arrondo-Elizarán
- Grupo de Neurofuncionalidad y Lenguaje, Programa de Neurociencias, Instituto Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; Servicio de Neurología, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - B Pereira-Cuitiño
- Grupo de Neurofuncionalidad y Lenguaje, Programa de Neurociencias, Instituto Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Grau-Guinea
- Grupo de Neurofuncionalidad y Lenguaje, Programa de Neurociencias, Instituto Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Florido-Santiago
- Grupo de Neurofuncionalidad y Lenguaje, Programa de Neurociencias, Instituto Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; Unidad de Salud Cerebral, Centro de Investigaciones Médico Sanitarias (CIMES), Málaga, Spain
| | - J Piqué-Candini
- Grupo de Neurofuncionalidad y Lenguaje, Programa de Neurociencias, Instituto Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - R M Manero
- Grupo de Neurofuncionalidad y Lenguaje, Programa de Neurociencias, Instituto Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; Unidad de Deterioro Cognitivo y Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Puig-Pijoan
- Grupo de Neurofuncionalidad y Lenguaje, Programa de Neurociencias, Instituto Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; Unidad de Deterioro Cognitivo y Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Peña-Casanova
- Grupo de Neurofuncionalidad y Lenguaje, Programa de Neurociencias, Instituto Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - G Sánchez-Benavides
- Grupo de Neurofuncionalidad y Lenguaje, Programa de Neurociencias, Instituto Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; Barcelonabeta Brain Research Center, Barcelona, Spain.
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Chylińska M, Karaszewski B, Komendziński J, Wyszomirski A, Hałas M, Szurowska E, Sabisz A. The association between white matter tract structural connectivity and information processing speed in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Neurol Sci 2023; 44:3221-3232. [PMID: 37103603 PMCID: PMC10415523 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-06817-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Information processing speed (IPS) deterioration is common in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients [1] and might severely affect quality of life and occupational activity. However, understanding of its neural substrate is not fully elucidated. We aimed to investigate the associations between MRI-derived metrics of neuroanatomical structures, including the tracts, and IPS. METHODS Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT), and Color Trails Test (CTT) were used to evaluate IPS in 73 RRMS consecutive patients, all undergoing only interferon beta (IFN-β) therapy during the study. At the same time, 1.5T MRI including diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data was acquired for each recruited subject. We analyzed volumetric and diffusion MRI measures (FreeSurfer 6.0) including normalized brain volume (NBV), cortical thickness (thk), white matter hypointensities (WMH), volume (vol), diffusion parameters: mean (MD), radial (RD), axial (AD) diffusivities, and fractional anisotropy (FA) of 18 major white-matter (WM) tracts. Multiple linear regression model with interaction resulted in distinguishing the neural substrate of IPS deficit in the IPS impaired subgroup of patients. RESULTS The most significant tract abnormalities contributing to IPS deficit were right inferior longitudinal fasciculus (R ILF) FA, forceps major (FMAJ) FA, forceps minor (FMIN) FA, R uncinate fasciculus (UNC) AD, R corticospinal tract (CST) FA, and left superior longitudinal fasciculus FA (L SLFT). Among volumetric MRI metrics, IPS deficit was associated with L and R thalamic vol. and cortical thickness of insular regions. CONCLUSION In this study, we showed that disconnection of the selected WM tracts, in addition to cortical and deep gray matter (GM) atrophy, might underlie IPS deficit in RRMS patients but more extensive studies are needed for precise associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Chylińska
- Department of Adult Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Bartosz Karaszewski
- Department of Adult Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Jakub Komendziński
- Department of Adult Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Adam Wyszomirski
- Department of Adult Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Marek Hałas
- Department of Adult Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Edyta Szurowska
- Second Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Sabisz
- Second Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
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Gallus M, Roll W, Dik A, Barca C, Zinnhardt B, Hicking G, Mueller C, Naik VN, Anstötz M, Krämer J, Rolfes L, Wachsmuth L, Pitsch J, van Loo KM, Räuber S, Okada H, Wimberley C, Strippel C, Golombeck KS, Johnen A, Kovac S, Groß CC, Backhaus P, Seifert R, Lewerenz J, Surges R, Elger CE, Wiendl H, Ruck T, Becker AJ, Faber C, Jacobs AH, Bauer J, Meuth SG, Schäfers M, Melzer N. Translational imaging of TSPO reveals pronounced innate inflammation in human and murine CD8 T cell-mediated limbic encephalitis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eabq7595. [PMID: 37294768 PMCID: PMC10256169 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abq7595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune limbic encephalitis (ALE) presents with new-onset mesial temporal lobe seizures, progressive memory disturbance, and other behavioral and cognitive changes. CD8 T cells are considered to play a key role in those cases where autoantibodies (ABs) target intracellular antigens or no ABs were found. Assessment of such patients presents a clinical challenge, and novel noninvasive imaging biomarkers are urgently needed. Here, we demonstrate that visualization of the translocator protein (TSPO) with [18F]DPA-714-PET-MRI reveals pronounced microglia activation and reactive gliosis in the hippocampus and amygdala of patients suspected with CD8 T cell ALE, which correlates with FLAIR-MRI and EEG alterations. Back-translation into a preclinical mouse model of neuronal antigen-specific CD8 T cell-mediated ALE allowed us to corroborate our preliminary clinical findings. These translational data underline the potential of [18F]DPA-714-PET-MRI as a clinical molecular imaging method for the direct assessment of innate immunity in CD8 T cell-mediated ALE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Gallus
- Department of Neurology Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Wolfgang Roll
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Andre Dik
- Department of Neurology Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Cristina Barca
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Bastian Zinnhardt
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Biomarkers and Translational Technologies (BTT), Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gordon Hicking
- Department of Neurology Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Christoph Mueller
- Department of Neurology Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Venu Narayanan Naik
- Department of Neurology Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Max Anstötz
- Institute of Anatomy II, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Julia Krämer
- Department of Neurology Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Leoni Rolfes
- Department of Neurology Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lydia Wachsmuth
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Julika Pitsch
- Department of Epileptology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Karen M. J. van Loo
- Section for Translational Epilepsy Research, Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Epileptology and Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Saskia Räuber
- Department of Neurology Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hideho Okada
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Christine Strippel
- Department of Neurology Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Kristin S. Golombeck
- Department of Neurology Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas Johnen
- Department of Neurology Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Stjepana Kovac
- Department of Neurology Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Catharina C. Groß
- Department of Neurology Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Philipp Backhaus
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Robert Seifert
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jan Lewerenz
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Rainer Surges
- Department of Epileptology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Heinz Wiendl
- Department of Neurology Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Tobias Ruck
- Department of Neurology Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Albert J. Becker
- Section for Translational Epilepsy Research, Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Cornelius Faber
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Andreas H. Jacobs
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jan Bauer
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Centre for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sven G. Meuth
- Department of Neurology Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Schäfers
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Nico Melzer
- Department of Neurology Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Gaudreau AS, Macoir J, Hudon C. Normative data for the Color Trails Test in middle-aged and elderly Quebec-French people. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY. ADULT 2022:1-9. [PMID: 36548473 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2022.2156291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite the widespread use of the Color Trails Test (CTT) in clinical and research settings, information regarding the impact of sociodemographic variables on test performance in Quebec-French adults and elderly people is non-existent. This study aimed to establish French-Quebec normative data for error scores and completion time on all test trials (CTT1 and CTT2) taking into account the impact of age, education, and sex on test performance. METHOD The sample consisted of 169 community-dwelling and healthy Quebec-French individuals aged between 50 and 90 years and having between 6 and 21 years of formal education. RESULTS Regression analyses indicated that age was associated with completion time on CTT1 and CTT2. Spearman correlations also revealed that age was positively associated with error scores (CTT1 errors, CTT2 number errors, CTT2 near-misses) and index interference. Education was marginally associated with CTT1 but was not associated with CTT2 completion time or interference index. Education was only associated with the number of errors in the CTT2. Finally, sex was not associated with any variables. Equations to calculate Z scores and percentiles are presented. CONCLUSIONS Norms for the CTT will ease the interpretation of executive functioning in Quebec-French adults and the elderly and favor accurate discrimination between normal and pathological cognitive states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie Gaudreau
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Quebec, Canada
- School of Psychology, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Joël Macoir
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Carol Hudon
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Quebec, Canada
- School of Psychology, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
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Mild Cognitive Impairment Is Associated with Poorer Nutritional Status on Hospital Admission and after Discharge in Acutely Hospitalized Older Patients. Geriatrics (Basel) 2022; 7:geriatrics7050095. [PMID: 36136804 PMCID: PMC9498394 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics7050095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In acutely hospitalized older patients (≥65 years), the association between mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and malnutrition is poorly described. We hypothesized that (1) MCI is associated with nutritional status on admission and after discharge; (2) MCI is associated with a change in nutritional status; and (3) a potential association is partly explained by frailty, comorbidity, medication use, and age. We combined data from a randomized controlled trial (control group data) and a prospective cohort study (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01964482 and NCT03052192). Nutritional status was assessed on admission and follow-up using the Mini Nutritional Assessment—Short Form. MCI or intact cognition (noMCI) was classified by three cognitive performance tests at follow-up. Data on frailty, comorbidity, medication use, and age were drawn from patient journals. MCI (n = 42) compared to noMCI (n = 47) was associated with poorer nutritional status with an average difference of −1.29 points (CI: −2.30; −0.28) on admission and −1.64 points (CI: −2.57; −0.70) at 4-week follow-up. Only age influenced the estimates of −0.85 (CI: −1.86; 0.17) and −1.29 (CI: −2.25; −0.34), respectively. In acutely hospitalized older patients, there is an association between MCI and poorer nutritional status upon admission and four weeks after discharge. The association is partly explained by higher age.
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Chylińska M, Karaszewski B, Komendziński J, Wyszomirski A, Sabisz A, Halas M, Szurowska E. Skeletonized mean diffusivity and neuropsychological performance in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Brain Behav 2022; 12:e2591. [PMID: 35560868 PMCID: PMC9226842 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peak width of Skeletonized Mean Diffusivity (PSMD), as a novel marker of white matter (WM) microstructure damage, is associated with cognitive decline in several WM pathologies (i.e., small vessel disorders). We hypothesized that markers combining alterations in whole WM could be associated with cognitive dysfunction in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients. METHODS We used PSMD based on tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) magnetic resonance (MR) scans. We investigated RRMS patients (n = 73) undergoing interferon beta (IFN-β) therapy. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the association between neuropsychological data and clinical and MRI variables: PSMD, WM hypointensities, and normalized brain volume (NBV). RESULTS In our cohort, 37 (50.7%) patients were recognized as cognitively impaired (CI) and 36 (49.3%) patients were cognitively normal (CN). In regression analysis, PSMD was a statistically significant contributor in the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT) list A (p = 0.04) and semantic fluency (p = 0.036). PSMD (p < 0.001, r2 = 0.35), NBV (p = 0.002, r2 = 2.6) and WM hypointensities (p < 0.001, r2 = 0.40) were major contributors to upper extremity disability (9HPT) in the CN subgroup. A significant contributor in the majority of neuropsychological measures was education attainment. CONCLUSION We investigated PSMD as a new parameter of WM microstructure damage that is a contributor in complex cognitive tasks, CVLT performance, and semantic fluency. PSMD was a statistically significant contributor to upper extremity disability (9HPT) together with WM hypointensities and NBV. Education attainment proved to be relevant in the majority of cognitive domains. Further studies are needed to estimate PSMD relevance as a marker of CI in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Chylińska
- Department of Adult NeurologyMedical University of Gdańsk, Faculty of MedicineGdańskPoland
| | - Bartosz Karaszewski
- Department of Adult NeurologyMedical University of Gdańsk, Faculty of MedicineGdańskPoland
| | - Jakub Komendziński
- Department of Adult NeurologyMedical University of Gdańsk, Faculty of MedicineGdańskPoland
| | - Adam Wyszomirski
- Department of Adult NeurologyMedical University of Gdańsk, Faculty of MedicineGdańskPoland
| | - Agnieszka Sabisz
- 2nd Department of RadiologyMedical University of Gdańsk, Faculty of MedicineGdańskPoland
| | - Marek Halas
- Department of Adult NeurologyMedical University of Gdańsk, Faculty of MedicineGdańskPoland
| | - Edyta Szurowska
- 2nd Department of RadiologyMedical University of Gdańsk, Faculty of MedicineGdańskPoland
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Feldman A, Patou F, Baumann M, Stockmarr A, Waldemar G, Maier AM, Vogel A. Listen Carefully protocol: an exploratory case-control study of the association between listening effort and cognitive function. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e051109. [PMID: 35264340 PMCID: PMC8915370 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-051109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A growing body of evidence suggests that hearing loss is a significant and potentially modifiable risk factor for cognitive impairment. Although the mechanisms underlying the associations between cognitive decline and hearing loss are unclear, listening effort has been posited as one of the mechanisms involved with cognitive decline in older age. To date, there has been a lack of research investigating this association, particularly among adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). METHODS AND ANALYSIS 15-25 cognitively healthy participants and 15-25 patients with MCI (age 40-85 years) will be recruited to participate in an exploratory study investigating the association between cognitive functioning and listening effort. Both behavioural and objective measures of listening effort will be investigated. The sentence-final word identification and recall (SWIR) test will be administered with single talker non-intelligible speech background noise while monitoring pupil dilation. Evaluation of cognitive function will be carried out in a clinical setting using a battery of neuropsychological tests. This study is considered exploratory and proof of concept, with information taken to help decide the validity of larger-scale trials. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Written approval exemption was obtained by the Scientific Ethics Committee in the central region of Denmark (De Videnskabsetiske Komiteer i Region Hovedstaden), reference 19042404, and the project is registered pre-results at clinicaltrials.gov, reference NCT04593290, Protocol ID 19042404. Study results will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals and conferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alix Feldman
- Engineering Systems Design, Department of Technology Management and Economics, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - François Patou
- Engineering Systems Design, Department of Technology Management and Economics, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
- Research and Technology Group, Oticon Medical, Smørum, Denmark
| | - Monika Baumann
- Centre for Applied Audiology Research, Oticon, Smørum, Denmark
| | - Anders Stockmarr
- Statistics and Data Analysis, Department of Mathematics, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Gunhild Waldemar
- Danish Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anja M Maier
- Engineering Systems Design, Department of Technology Management and Economics, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
- Department of Design, Manufacturing and Engineering Management, Faculty of Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Asmus Vogel
- Danish Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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García-Escobar G, Pérez-Enríquez C, Arrondo-Elizarán C, Pereira-Cuitiño B, Grau-Guinea L, Florido-Santiago M, Piqué-Candini J, Manero RM, Puig-Pijoan A, Peña-Casanova J, Sánchez-Benavides G. Spanish normative studies (NEURONORMA-Plus project): norms for the Delis Kaplan-Design Fluency Test, Color Trails Test, and Dual Task. Neurologia 2021:S0213-4853(21)00113-4. [PMID: 34535347 DOI: 10.1016/j.nrl.2021.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Complex attention and non-verbal fluency tasks are used in neuropsychological assessments with the aim of exploring subdomains of executive function. The purpose of this study is to provide norms and age-, education-, and sex-adjusted data for the Delis Kaplan-Design Fluency Test (DK-DFT), Color Trails Test (CTT), and Dual Task (DT) as part of the NEURONORMA-Plus project. METHODS The sample included 308 cognitively healthy individuals aged between 18 and 92 years. Raw scores were converted to age-adjusted scaled scores. These were further converted into education- and sex-adjusted scaled scores by applying linear regression, with 2 age groups (< 50 and ≥ 50 years). RESULTS Overall, age had a negative impact on DK-DFT and CTT performance. We observed a positive effect of education on DK-DFT scores only in the older group (≥ 50 years). Moreover, younger men performed slightly better in the basic condition of this test. Education was positively associated with all CTT scores in both age groups, with the exception of the CTT-1 subtest in the younger group. Age and education did not influence DT performance, whereas sex did, with young women performing slightly better. CONCLUSIONS These normative data may be useful in the interpretation of neuropsychological assessments in the Spanish population.
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Affiliation(s)
- G García-Escobar
- Grupo de Neurofuncionalidad y Lenguaje, Programa de Neurociencias, Instituto Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas (IMIM), Barcelona, España; Unidad de Deterioro Cognitivo y Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, España
| | - C Pérez-Enríquez
- Grupo de Neurofuncionalidad y Lenguaje, Programa de Neurociencias, Instituto Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas (IMIM), Barcelona, España; Unidad de Epilepsia, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, España
| | - C Arrondo-Elizarán
- Grupo de Neurofuncionalidad y Lenguaje, Programa de Neurociencias, Instituto Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas (IMIM), Barcelona, España; Servicio de Neurología, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, España
| | - B Pereira-Cuitiño
- Grupo de Neurofuncionalidad y Lenguaje, Programa de Neurociencias, Instituto Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas (IMIM), Barcelona, España
| | - L Grau-Guinea
- Grupo de Neurofuncionalidad y Lenguaje, Programa de Neurociencias, Instituto Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas (IMIM), Barcelona, España
| | - M Florido-Santiago
- Grupo de Neurofuncionalidad y Lenguaje, Programa de Neurociencias, Instituto Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas (IMIM), Barcelona, España; Unidad de Salud Cerebral, Centro de Investigaciones Médico Sanitarias (CIMES), Málaga, España
| | - J Piqué-Candini
- Grupo de Neurofuncionalidad y Lenguaje, Programa de Neurociencias, Instituto Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas (IMIM), Barcelona, España
| | - R M Manero
- Grupo de Neurofuncionalidad y Lenguaje, Programa de Neurociencias, Instituto Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas (IMIM), Barcelona, España; Unidad de Deterioro Cognitivo y Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, España
| | - A Puig-Pijoan
- Grupo de Neurofuncionalidad y Lenguaje, Programa de Neurociencias, Instituto Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas (IMIM), Barcelona, España; Unidad de Deterioro Cognitivo y Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, España
| | - J Peña-Casanova
- Grupo de Neurofuncionalidad y Lenguaje, Programa de Neurociencias, Instituto Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas (IMIM), Barcelona, España.
| | - G Sánchez-Benavides
- Grupo de Neurofuncionalidad y Lenguaje, Programa de Neurociencias, Instituto Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas (IMIM), Barcelona, España; Barcelonabeta Brain Research Center, Barcelona, España.
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9
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Thomas MB, Raghava JM, Pantelis C, Rostrup E, Nielsen MØ, Jensen MH, Glenthøj BY, Mandl RCW, Ebdrup BH, Fagerlund B. Associations between cognition and white matter microstructure in first-episode antipsychotic-naïve patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls: A multivariate pattern analysis. Cortex 2021; 139:282-297. [PMID: 33933719 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive functions have been associated with white matter (WM) microstructure in schizophrenia, but most studies are limited by examining only select cognitive measures and single WM tracts in chronic, medicated patients. It is unclear if the cognition-WM relationship differs between antipsychotic-naïve patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls, as differential associations have not been directly examined. Here we examine if there are differential patterns of associations between cognition and WM microstructure in first-episode antipsychotic-naïve patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls, and we characterize reliable contributors to the pattern of associations across multiple cognitive domains and WM regions, in order to elucidate white matter contribution to the neural underpinnings of cognitive deficits. METHODS Thirty-six first-episode antipsychotic-naïve patients with schizophrenia and 52 matched healthy controls underwent cognitive tests and diffusion-weighted imaging on a 3T Magnetic Resonance Imaging scanner. Using a multivariate partial least squares correlation analysis, we included 14 cognitive variables and mean fractional anisotropy values of 48 WM regions. RESULTS Initial analyses showed significant group differences in both measures of WM and cognition. There was no group interaction effect in the pattern of associations between cognition and WM microstructure. The combined analysis of patients and controls lead to a significant pattern of associations (omnibus test p = .015). Thirty-four regions and seven cognitive functions contributed reliably to the associations. CONCLUSIONS The lack of an interaction effect suggests similar associations in first-episode antipsychotic-naïve patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls. This, together with the differences in both WM and cognitive measurements, supports the involvement of WM in cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. Our findings add to the field by showing a coherent picture of the overall pattern of association between cognition and WM. These findings increase our understanding of the impact of WM on cognition, contributing to the search for neuromarkers of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie B Thomas
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR and Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark; Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Jayachandra M Raghava
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR and Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark; Functional Imaging Unit, Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark.
| | - Christos Pantelis
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR and Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark; Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne & Melbourne Health, Carlton South, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Egill Rostrup
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR and Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark; Functional Imaging Unit, Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark.
| | - Mette Ø Nielsen
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR and Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark.
| | - Maria H Jensen
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR and Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark.
| | - Birte Y Glenthøj
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR and Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - René C W Mandl
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR and Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark; UMC Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.
| | - Bjørn H Ebdrup
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR and Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Birgitte Fagerlund
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR and Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark; Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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10
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Messinis L, Bakirtzis C, Kosmidis MH, Economou A, Nasios G, Anyfantis E, Konitsiotis S, Ntoskou A, Peristeri E, Dardiotis E, Grigoriadis N, Gourzis P, Papathanasopoulos P. Symbol Digit Modalities Test: Greek Normative Data for the Oral and Written Version and Discriminative Validity in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2021; 36:117-125. [PMID: 32385488 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acaa028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to generate normative data on the Symbol Digits Modalities Test (SDMT) for the written and oral versions in the Greek adult population. We also investigated the test's validity in discriminating the performance of healthy adults from two groups of adults diagnosed with relapsing remitting (RRMS) and secondary progressive (SPMS) multiple sclerosis. METHOD The sample consisted of 609 healthy men and women between the ages of 18 and 65. All participants were monolingual native Greek adult speakers. Each healthy participant was administered either the written (n = 460) or oral (n = 149) versions of the SDMT. Discriminant validity was examined by comparing 35 healthy participants who had completed the oral version of the SDMT to 35 age - and education-matched RRMS and SPMS patients. RESULTS Linear regression models explained between 36% and 55% of the variance in the SDMT oral and written version scores. Age was the strongest predictor of difference in SDMT written and oral version performance, followed by education that also accounted for a further proportion of the SDMT variance. On the contrary, gender was found not to contribute significantly to the variance in the SDMT for either the written or the oral versions. As a result, age- and education-adjusted norms were generated. Regarding the tests discriminative validity, we found that both MS patient groups scored significantly lower than the healthy group. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to provide comprehensive normative data for the SDMT in the adult population in Greece, impacting the future practice of neuropsychological assessment in this country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lambros Messinis
- Neuropsychology Section, Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, University Hospital of Patras and University of Patras Medical School, Patras, Greece
| | - Christos Bakirtzis
- B'Department of Neurology and the MS Center, AHEPA University Hospital, Central Macedonia, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Mary Helen Kosmidis
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Alexandra Economou
- Department of Psychology, School of Philosophy, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Grigorios Nasios
- Department of Speech and Language Therapy, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Anyfantis
- Department of Speech and Language Therapy, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.,Department of Neurology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Spiridon Konitsiotis
- Department of Neurology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Ntoskou
- Rehabilitation Unit for Patients with Spinal Cord Injury, "Demetrios and Vera Sfikas" Department of Medicine, University of Patras Medical School, Patras, Greece
| | - Eleni Peristeri
- Department of Neurology, University of Thessaly Medical School, Larissa, Greece
| | - Efthymios Dardiotis
- Department of Neurology, University of Thessaly Medical School, Larissa, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Grigoriadis
- B'Department of Neurology and the MS Center, AHEPA University Hospital, Central Macedonia, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Phillipos Gourzis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Patras Medical School, Patras, Greece
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11
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Ryan J, Woods RL, Britt CJ, Murray AM, Shah RC, Reid CM, Wolfe R, Nelson MR, Orchard SG, Lockery JE, Trevaks RE, Storey E. Normative Data for the Symbol Digit Modalities Test in Older White Australians and Americans, African-Americans, and Hispanic/Latinos. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2020; 4:313-323. [PMID: 33024939 PMCID: PMC7504980 DOI: 10.3233/adr-200194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Processing speed, which can be assessed using the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), is central to many brain functions. Processing speed declines with advanced age but substantial impairments are indicative of brain injury or disease. Objective The purpose of this study was to provide SDMT normative data for older community-dwelling individuals in the U.S. and Australia. Methods The ASPREE trial recruited 19,114 relatively healthy older men and women in Australia and the U.S. from the general community. All participants were without a diagnosis of dementia and with a Modified Mini-Mental State examination score of 78 or more at enrolment. The SDMT was administered at baseline as part of a neuropsychological test battery. Results The median age of participants was 74 years (range 65-99), and 56% were women. The median years of education was 12. Ethno-racial differences in SDMT performance were observed and normative data were thus presented separately for 16,289 white Australians, 1,082 white Americans, 891 African-Americans, and 316 Hispanic/Latinos. There were consistent positive associations found between SDMT and education level, and negative associations between SDMT and age. Mean scores for women were consistently higher than men with the exception of Hispanic/Latinos aged ≥70 years. Conclusion This study provides comprehensive SDMT normative data for whites (Australian and U.S.), Hispanic/Latinos, and African-Americans, according to gender, age, and education level. These norms can be used clinically as reference standards to screen for cognitive impairments in older individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Ryan
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robyn L Woods
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Carlene J Britt
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anne M Murray
- Berman Center for Outcomes and Clinical Research, Hennepin Health Research Institute and Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Hennepin HealthCare and University of Minnesota, MN, USA
| | - Raj C Shah
- Department of Family Medicine and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Christopher M Reid
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Rory Wolfe
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark R Nelson
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Suzanne G Orchard
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jessica E Lockery
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ruth E Trevaks
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elsdon Storey
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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12
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Zargar F, Haghshenas N, Rajabi F, Tarrahi MJ. Effectiveness of Dialectical Behavioral Therapy on Executive Function, Emotional Control and Severity of Symptoms in Patients with Bipolar I Disorder. Adv Biomed Res 2019; 8:59. [PMID: 31673532 PMCID: PMC6796294 DOI: 10.4103/abr.abr_42_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Bipolar disorder is a disabling illness characterized by recurrent episodes of mania, hypomania, and depression. The dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) is basically designed to help regulate excitement, tolerance of discomfort, mindfulness and interpersonal relationships. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of DBT on executive function, emotional control and symptom relief in patients with type 1 bipolar disorder. Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 50 patients with type 1 bipolar disorder. These patients were divided into two 25 populated groups of controls and intervention. The control group did not receive any other alternative therapy apart from routine medications, but in the intervention group, in addition to routine medications, DBT treatment was also done as complementary therapy in 12 sessions based on Dick's protocol. Then, Mania severity, emotional control and their executive functions were evaluated before and after the intervention and compared in two groups. Results: After the intervention, the scores of mania and depression mood with the mean of 2.12 ± 3.09 and 31.08 ± 8.98 respectively in intervention group were significantly lower than control group with the mean of 4.24 ± 4.11 and 39.92 ± 9.05 respectively (P < 0.05). Depression and executive function of the patients had no significant difference between the two groups in the post-intervention period and had a modest and non-significant change. Conclusion: DBT has been effective in decreasing the intensity of mania, but, it cannot be used to reduce the emotional instability and impulsivity of these patients along with drug therapy although it has improved the executive functions and depression of the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Zargar
- Department of Health Psychology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Naimeh Haghshenas
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rajabi
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Tarrahi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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13
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Fällman K, Lundgren L, Wressle E, Marcusson J, Classon E. Normative data for the oldest old: Trail Making Test A, Symbol Digit Modalities Test, Victoria Stroop Test and Parallel Serial Mental Operations. AGING NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITION 2019; 27:567-580. [PMID: 31382824 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2019.1648747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Normative data for evaluating cognitive function in the oldest old, aged 85 years and above, are currently sparse. The normative values used in clinical practice are often derived from younger old persons, from small sample sizes or from broad age spans (e.g. >75 years) resulting in a risk of misjudgment in assessments of cognitive decline. This longitudinal study presents normative values for the Trail Making Test A (TMT-A), the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), the Victoria Stroop Test (VST) and the Parallel Serial Mental Operations (PaSMO) from cognitively intact Swedes aged 85 years and above. 207 participants, born in 1922, were tested at 85, 90 (n = 68) and 93 (n = 35) years of age with a cognitive screening test battery. The participants were originally recruited for participation in the Elderly in Linköping Screening Assessment. Normative values are presented as mean values and standard deviations, with and without adjustment for education. There were no clinically important differences between genders, but education had a significant effect on test results for the 85-year-olds. Age effects emerged in analyses of those participants who completed the entire study and were evident for TMT-A, SDMT, VST1 and PaSMO. When comparisons can be made, our results are in accordance with previous data for TMT-A, SDMT and VST, and we present new normative values for PaSMO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Fällman
- Department of Acute Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Lina Lundgren
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, and Department of Social and Welfare Studies, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Ewa Wressle
- Department of Acute Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, and Department of Social and Welfare Studies, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Jan Marcusson
- Department of Acute Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Classon
- Department of Acute Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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14
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Vogel A, Stokholm J, Jørgensen K. Normative data for eight verbal fluency measures in older Danish adults. AGING NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITION 2019; 27:114-124. [DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2019.1593935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Asmus Vogel
- Danish Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jette Stokholm
- Danish Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kasper Jørgensen
- Danish Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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15
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Vogel A, Stokholm J, Andreasen R, Henriksen BD, Brønniche V, Madsen GJ, Gustafsson M, Overgaard S, Guldberg AM, Jørgensen K. Psychometric properties and reference data for Danish versions of Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test, Category Cued Memory Test and Logical Memory. Scand J Psychol 2018; 59:496-502. [PMID: 29999180 DOI: 10.1111/sjop.12470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Asmus Vogel
- Danish Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurology; Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Psychology; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Jette Stokholm
- Danish Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurology; Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Rikke Andreasen
- Department of Neurology; Aarhus University Hospital; Aarhus Denmark
| | | | | | - Gry J. Madsen
- Department of Neurology; Aalborg Hospital; Aalborg Denmark
| | - Moa Gustafsson
- Department of Neurology; Zealand University Hospital; Roskilde Denmark
| | | | - Anne-Mette Guldberg
- Danish Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurology; Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Kasper Jørgensen
- Danish Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurology; Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; Copenhagen Denmark
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16
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Arango-Lasprilla JC, Rivera D, Trapp S, Jiménez-Pérez C, Hernández Carrillo CL, Pohlenz Amador S, Vergara-Moragues E, Rodríguez-Agudelo Y, Rodriguez-Irizarry W, García de la Cadena C, Galvao-Carmona A, Galarza-Del-Angel J, Llerena Espezúa X, Torales Cabrera N, Flor-Caravia P, Aguayo Arelis A, Saracostti Schwartzman M, Barranco Casimiro R, Albaladejo-Blázquez N. Symbol Digit Modalities Test: Normative data for Spanish-speaking pediatric population. NeuroRehabilitation 2018; 41:639-647. [PMID: 28946593 DOI: 10.3233/nre-172243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To generate normative data for the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) in Spanish-speaking pediatric populations. METHOD The sample consisted of 4,373 healthy children from nine countries in Latin America (Chile, Cuba, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Puerto Rico) and Spain. Each participant was administered the SDMT as part of a larger neuropsychological battery. SDMT scores were normed using multiple linear regressions and standard deviations of residual values. Age, age2, sex, and mean level of parental education (MLPE) were included as predictors in the analyses. RESULTS The final multiple linear regression models showed main effects for age in all countries, such that score increased linearly as a function of age. In addition, age2 had a significant effect in all countries, except in Honduras and Puerto Rico. Models indicated that children whose parent(s) had a MLPE >12 years of education obtained higher score compared to children whose parent(s) had a MLPE ≤12 years for Chile, Guatemala, Mexico, and Spain. Sex affected SDMT score for Paraguay and Spain. CONCLUSIONS This is the largest Spanish-speaking pediatric normative study in the world, and it will allow neuropsychologists from these countries to have a more accurate interpretation of the SDMT with pediatric populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Arango-Lasprilla
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.,BioCruces Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - D Rivera
- BioCruces Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - S Trapp
- Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Utah, Utah, USA
| | - C Jiménez-Pérez
- CIMCYC-The Mind, Brain and Behaviour Research Centre, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - S Pohlenz Amador
- Escuela de Ciencias Psicológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| | | | - Y Rodríguez-Agudelo
- Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, MVS, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - C García de la Cadena
- Departamento de Psicología, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - A Galvao-Carmona
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Sevilla, Spain
| | - J Galarza-Del-Angel
- Laboratorio de Psicofisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Humanas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali, México
| | | | | | - P Flor-Caravia
- Escuela de Psicología, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - A Aguayo Arelis
- Departamento de investigación, Psicología, Universidad Enrique Díaz de León, Guadalajara, México
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17
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Arango-Lasprilla JC, Rivera D, Rodríguez G, Garza MT, Galarza-Del-Angel J, Rodríguez W, Velázquez-Cardoso J, Aguayo A, Schebela S, Weil C, Longoni M, Aliaga A, Ocampo-Barba N, Saracho CP, Panyavin I, Esenarro L, Martínez C, García de la Cadena C, Perrin PB. Symbol Digit Modalities Test: Normative data for the Latin American Spanish speaking adult population. NeuroRehabilitation 2016; 37:625-38. [PMID: 26639927 DOI: 10.3233/nre-151282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To generate normative data on the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) across 11 countries in Latin America, with country-specific adjustments for gender, age, and education, where appropriate. METHOD The sample consisted of 3,977 healthy adults who were recruited from Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Cuba, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and, Puerto Rico. Each subject was administered the SDMT as part of a larger neuropsychological battery. A standardized five-step statistical procedure was used to generate the norms. RESULTS The final multiple linear regression models explained 29-56% of the variance in SDMT scores. Although there were gender differences on the SDMT in Mexico, Honduras, Paraguay, and Guatemala, none of the four countries had an effect size greater than 0.3. As a result, gender-adjusted norms were not generated. CONCLUSIONS This is the first normative multicenter study conducted in Latin America to create norms for the SDMT; this study will have an impact on the future practice of neuropsychology throughout the global region.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Arango-Lasprilla
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.,Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - D Rivera
- Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - G Rodríguez
- Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico Docente "Hermanos Ameijeiras", Havana, Cuba
| | - M T Garza
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Mexico
| | | | - W Rodríguez
- Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, Puerto Rico
| | | | - A Aguayo
- Instituto Vocacional Enrique Díaz de León, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - S Schebela
- Instituto de Prevención Social, Asunción, Paraguay
| | - C Weil
- Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Dr. José Matías Delgado, San Salvador, El Salvador
| | - M Longoni
- Clínica de rehabilitación Las Araucarias, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A Aliaga
- Servicio Médico Legal, Ministerio de Justicia, Santiago, Chile
| | | | | | - I Panyavin
- Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - L Esenarro
- Instituto de Neuropsicología y Demencias, Lima, Peru
| | - C Martínez
- Departamento de Medicina de Rehabilitación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| | - C García de la Cadena
- Departamento de psicología, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - P B Perrin
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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Martelle SE, Raffield LM, Palmer ND, Cox AJ, Freedman BI, Hugenschmidt CE, Williamson JD, Bowden DW. Dopamine pathway gene variants may modulate cognitive performance in the DHS - Mind Study. Brain Behav 2016; 6:e00446. [PMID: 27066308 PMCID: PMC4797918 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an established association between type 2 diabetes and accelerated cognitive decline. The exact mechanism linking type 2 diabetes and reduced cognitive function is less clear. The monoamine system, which is extensively involved in cognition, can be altered by type 2 diabetes status. Thus, this study hypothesized that sequence variants in genes linked to dopamine metabolism and associated pathways are associated with cognitive function as assessed by the Digit Symbol Substitution Task, the Modified Mini-Mental State Examination, the Stroop Task, the Rey Auditory-Verbal Learning Task, and the Controlled Oral Word Association Task for Phonemic and Semantic Fluency in the Diabetes Heart Study, a type 2 diabetes-enriched familial cohort (n = 893). METHODS To determine the effects of candidate variants on cognitive performance, genetic association analyses were performed on the well-documented variable number tandem repeat located in the 3' untranslated region of the dopamine transporter, as well as on single-nucleotide polymorphisms covering genes in the dopaminergic pathway, the insulin signaling pathway, and the convergence of both. Next, polymorphisms in loci of interest with strong evidence for involvement in dopamine processing were extracted from genetic datasets available in a subset of the cohort (n = 572) derived from Affymetrix(®) Genome-Wide Human SNP Array 5.0 and 1000 Genomes imputation from this array. RESULTS The candidate gene analysis revealed one variant from the DOPA decarboxylase gene, rs10499695, to be associated with poorer performance on a subset of Rey Auditory-Verbal Learning Task measuring retroactive interference (P = 0.001, β = -0.45). Secondary analysis of genome-wide and imputed data uncovered another DOPA decarboxylase variant, rs62445903, also associated with retroactive interference (P = 7.21 × 10(-7), β = 0.3). These data suggest a role for dopaminergic genes, specifically a gene involved in regulation of dopamine synthesis, in cognitive performance in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan E Martelle
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Wake Forest School of Medicine Winston - Salem North Carolina; Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research Wake Forest School of Medicine Winston - Salem North Carolina
| | - Laura M Raffield
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research Wake Forest School of Medicine Winston - Salem North Carolina
| | - Nichole D Palmer
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research Wake Forest School of Medicine Winston - Salem North Carolina
| | - Amanda J Cox
- Molecular Basis of Disease Griffith University Southport Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology Wake Forest School of Medicine Winston - Salem North Carolina
| | - Christina E Hugenschmidt
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine Wake Forest School of Medicine Winston - Salem North Carolina
| | - Jeff D Williamson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine Wake Forest School of Medicine Winston - Salem North Carolina
| | - Don W Bowden
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research Wake Forest School of Medicine Winston - Salem North Carolina
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Vogel A, Johannsen P, Stokholm J, Jørgensen K. Frequency and severity of semantic deficits in a consecutive memory clinic cohort. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2015; 38:214-23. [PMID: 24732647 DOI: 10.1159/000357794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Semantic memory deficits have been shown in dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) by group comparisons. The aim of this study is to investigate the frequency of impairments on tests with semantic content in patients with dementia, MCI (amnestic and non-amnestic) and affective disorders. METHODS A Famous faces test, Boston Naming Test and Category fluency were applied in 114 consecutive memory clinic patients and 95 healthy participants (all participants were 60 years old or older; dementia/MCI patients had Mini-Mental State Examination scores ≥20). RESULTS Fifty-three patients were classified with dementia, 36 with MCI (14 amnestic, 22 non-amnestic) and 25 with affective disorders. Dementia and MCI patients differed significantly from the control group on all tests. Patients with dementia and MCI had impairments in about 40% of the cases (on the most sensitive tests). However, patients with affective disorders also had mild impairments on tests tapping semantic memory (25% were impaired on the most sensitive tests). Impairments on the Famous faces test were more frequently found in dementia and MCI as compared to patients with affective disorders. CONCLUSION Short tests with semantic memory content are sensitive to changes in dementia and MCI, but impairments on such tests may also be found in other diseases, e.g. affective disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmus Vogel
- Memory Disorders Research Group, Danish Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Buhse M, Banker WM, Clement LM. Factors associated with health-related quality of life among older people with multiple sclerosis. Int J MS Care 2014; 16:10-9. [PMID: 24688350 DOI: 10.7224/1537-2073.2012-046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was conducted to determine which factors (clinical and demographic) are associated with mental and physical health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among people with multiple sclerosis (MS) aged 60 years and older. METHODS Data were collected at four MS centers on Long Island, New York, from a total of 211 patients. Three surveys were administered that collected demographic information and included validated questionnaires measuring quality of life (QOL), cognition, depression, and disability. Multivariate linear regression analyses examined the relationship between patient demographics and scores on standardized scales measuring mental and physical HRQOL (Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life-54). Variables included in the regression models were selected on the basis of the Andersen Healthcare Utilization model. This framework encompasses the multiple influences on health status, including predisposing characteristics, enabling resources, need, and health behavior. RESULTS We found that mental HRQOL was negatively associated with having a high school education or less, risk of neurologic impairment, physical disability, and depression. No variables were positively associated with mental HRQOL. Physical HRQOL was negatively associated with risk of neurologic impairment, physical disability, depression, and the comorbidity of thyroid disease. However, patient employment and, surprisingly, being widowed were positively associated with physical HRQOL. These findings are consistent with those of similar studies among younger patients in which lower HRQOL was associated with increased disability, depression, risk of neurologic impairment, and lower levels of education. CONCLUSIONS The findings that patient employment and being widowed were associated with better physical HRQOL suggest that older patients have the ability to adapt and adjust to the challenges of MS over time. Clinicians should regularly screen for HRQOL in older patients with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijean Buhse
- SUNY Stony Brook School of Nursing, Stony Brook, NY, USA (MB); and KJT Group, Honeoye Falls, NY, USA (WMB, LMC)
| | - Wendy M Banker
- SUNY Stony Brook School of Nursing, Stony Brook, NY, USA (MB); and KJT Group, Honeoye Falls, NY, USA (WMB, LMC)
| | - Lynn M Clement
- SUNY Stony Brook School of Nursing, Stony Brook, NY, USA (MB); and KJT Group, Honeoye Falls, NY, USA (WMB, LMC)
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Berrigan LI, Fisk JD, Walker LAS, Wojtowicz M, Rees LM, Freedman MS, Marrie RA. Reliability of Regression-Based Normative Data for the Oral Symbol Digit Modalities Test: An Evaluation of Demographic Influences, Construct Validity, and Impairment Classification Rates in Multiple Sclerosis Samples. Clin Neuropsychol 2014; 28:281-99. [DOI: 10.1080/13854046.2013.871337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Wolinsky FD, Vander Weg MW, Howren MB, Jones MP, Dotson MM. A randomized controlled trial of cognitive training using a visual speed of processing intervention in middle aged and older adults. PLoS One 2013; 8:e61624. [PMID: 23650501 PMCID: PMC3641082 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-related cognitive decline is common and may lead to substantial difficulties and disabilities in everyday life. We hypothesized that 10 hours of visual speed of processing training would prevent age-related declines and potentially improve cognitive processing speed. METHODS Within two age bands (50-64 and ≥ 65) 681 patients were randomized to (a) three computerized visual speed of processing training arms (10 hours on-site, 14 hours on-site, or 10 hours at-home) or (b) an on-site attention control group using computerized crossword puzzles for 10 hours. The primary outcome was the Useful Field of View (UFOV) test, and the secondary outcomes were the Trail Making (Trails) A and B Tests, Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), Stroop Color and Word Tests, Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT), and the Digit Vigilance Test (DVT), which were assessed at baseline and at one year. 620 participants (91%) completed the study and were included in the analyses. Linear mixed models were used with Blom rank transformations within age bands. RESULTS All intervention groups had (p<0.05) small to medium standardized effect size improvements on UFOV (Cohen's d = -0.322 to -0.579, depending on intervention arm), Trails A (d = -0.204 to -0.265), Trails B (d = -0.225 to -0.320), SDMT (d = 0.263 to 0.351), and Stroop Word (d = 0.240 to 0.271). Converted to years of protection against age-related cognitive declines, these effects reflect 3.0 to 4.1 years on UFOV, 2.2 to 3.5 years on Trails A, 1.5 to 2.0 years on Trails B, 5.4 to 6.6 years on SDMT, and 2.3 to 2.7 years on Stroop Word. CONCLUSION Visual speed of processing training delivered on-site or at-home to middle-aged or older adults using standard home computers resulted in stabilization or improvement in several cognitive function tests. Widespread implementation of this intervention is feasible. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT-01165463.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredric D Wolinsky
- Department of Health Management and Policy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America.
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