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Kronemer SI, Holness M, Morgan AT, Teves JB, Gonzalez-Castillo J, Handwerker DA, Bandettini PA. Visual imagery vividness correlates with afterimage conscious perception. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.12.07.570716. [PMID: 38168380 PMCID: PMC10760211 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.07.570716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Afterimages are illusory, visual conscious perceptions. A widely accepted theory is that afterimages are caused by retinal signaling that continues after the physical disappearance of a light stimulus. However, afterimages have been reported without preceding visual, sensory stimulation (e.g., conditioned afterimages and afterimages induced by illusory vision). These observations suggest the role of top-down, brain mechanisms in afterimage conscious perception. Therefore, some afterimages may share perceptual features with sensory-independent conscious perceptions (e.g., imagery, hallucinations, and dreams) that occur without bottom-up, sensory input. In the current investigation, we tested for a link between the vividness of visual imagery and afterimage conscious perception. Participants reported their vividness of visual imagery and perceived sharpness, contrast, and duration of negative afterimages. The afterimage perceptual features were acquired using perception matching paradigms that were validated on image stimuli. Relating these perceptual reports revealed that the vividness of visual imagery positively correlated with afterimage contrast and sharpness. These behavioral results support shared neural mechanisms between visual imagery and afterimages. This study encourages future research combining neurophysiology recording methods and afterimage paradigms to directly examine the neural mechanisms of afterimage conscious perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharif I. Kronemer
- Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD
| | - Micah Holness
- Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD
| | - A. Tyler Morgan
- Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD
- Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Core Facility, NIMH, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Joshua B. Teves
- Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD
| | - Javier Gonzalez-Castillo
- Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD
| | - Daniel A. Handwerker
- Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD
| | - Peter A. Bandettini
- Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD
- Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Core Facility, NIMH, NIH, Bethesda, MD
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Boynton GM, Ciaramitaro VM, Arman AC. Effects of feature-based attention on the motion aftereffect at remote locations. Vision Res 2006; 46:2968-76. [PMID: 16698060 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2006.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2005] [Revised: 02/28/2006] [Accepted: 03/02/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that attention to a particular stimulus feature, such as direction of motion or color, enhances neuronal responses to unattended stimuli sharing that feature. We studied this effect psychophysically by measuring the strength of the motion aftereffect (MAE) induced by an unattended stimulus when attention was directed to one of two overlapping fields of moving dots in a different spatial location. When attention was directed to the same direction of motion as the unattended stimulus, the unattended stimulus induced a stronger MAE than when attention was directed to the opposite direction. Also, when the unattended location contained either uncorrelated motion or had no stimulus at all an MAE was induced in the opposite direction to the attended direction of motion. The strength of the MAE was similar regardless of whether subjects attended to the speed or luminance of the attended dots. These results provide further support for a global feature-based mechanism of attention, and show that the effect spreads across all features of an attended object, and to all locations of visual space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey M Boynton
- The Salk Institute, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037-1099, USA
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Whitney D, Cavanagh P. Motion adaptation shifts apparent position without the motion aftereffect. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 65:1011-8. [PMID: 14674629 DOI: 10.3758/bf03194830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Adaptation to motion can produce effects on both the perceived motion (the motion aftereffect) and the position (McGraw, Whitaker, Skillen, & Chung, 2002; Nishida & Johnston, 1999; Snowden, 1998; Whitaker, McGraw, & Pearson, 1999) of a subsequently viewed test stimulus. The position shift can be interpreted as a consequence of the motion aftereffect. For example, as the motion within a stationary aperture creates the impression that the aperture is shifted in position (De Valois & De Valois, 1991; Hayes, 2000; Ramachandran & Anstis, 1990), the motion aftereffect may generate a shift in perceived position of the test pattern simply because of the illusory motion it generates on the pattern. However, here we show a different aftereffect of motion adaptation that causes a shift in the apparent position of an object even when the object appears stationary and is located several degrees from the adapted region. This position aftereffect of motion reveals a new form of motion adaptation--one that does not result in a motion aftereffect--and suggests that motion and position signals are processed independently but then interact at a higher stage of processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Whitney
- Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
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Poiroux S, Georges S, Bernard C, Lannou J, Lalonde R, Rebai M. Electrophysiological correlates of the visual after effect by means of visual evoked potentials. Int J Neurosci 2001; 106:227-38. [PMID: 11264922 DOI: 10.3109/00207450109149751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
An attempt was made to determine whether changes of electrical activity could be seen in the posterior cortex during an after image of high frequency luminance gratings. Steady state visual evoked potentials were recorded (midoccipital, right and left temporo-occipital sites) immediately after a period of visual adaptation (15 min) to the stimulus, while the subjects experienced the after image. During this illusion, frequencies of the fast Fourier transform spectra linked to the stimulation differed from the noise and were larger at temporo-occipital sites than at the midoccipital one. In view of these results, the hypothesis that the after effect represents a short term storage of the temporal characteristics of the stimulus is evoked.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Poiroux
- Laboratoire PSY.CO E.A. 1780, Equipe de Neurobiologie de l'Apprentissage, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université de Rouen, 76821, Mont Saint-Aignan, Cedex, France.
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Abstract
Evidence concerning the origin of the motion aftereffect (MAE) is assessed in terms of a model of levels of representation in visual motion perception proposed by Wade and Swanston. Very few experiments have been designed so as to permit unambiguous conclusions to be drawn. The requirements for such experiments are identified. Whereas retinocentric motion could in principle give rise to the MAE, data are not available which would enable a conclusion to be drawn. There is good evidence for a patterncentric origin, indicating that the MAE is primarily the result of adaptation in the systems responsible for detecting relative visual motion. There is evidence for a further contribution from the process that compensates retinocentric motion for eye movements, in the form of nonveridical information for eye movements. There may also be an effect at the level at which perceived distance and self-movement information are combined with egocentric motion to give a geocentric representation which provides the basis for reports of phenomenal experience. It is concluded that the MAE can be caused by changes in activity at more than one level of representation, and cannot be ascribed to a single underlying process.
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