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Sorrenti S, Lauro A, Pironi D, Calò PG, Ulisse S. Editorial: Differential diagnoses of thyroid neoplasms: Molecular and histological features and the impact on follow-up. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1125887. [PMID: 36798815 PMCID: PMC9927641 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1125887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Augusto Lauro
- Department of Surgery, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Pironi
- Department of Surgery, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Pietro Giorgio Calò
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Salvatore Ulisse
- Department of Surgery, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy,*Correspondence: Salvatore Ulisse,
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Elia G, Patrizio A, Ragusa F, Paparo SR, Mazzi V, Balestri E, Botrini C, Rugani L, Benvenga S, Materazzi G, Spinelli C, Antonelli A, Fallahi P, Ferrari SM. Molecular features of aggressive thyroid cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1099280. [PMID: 36605433 PMCID: PMC9807782 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1099280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Poorly differentiated thyroid cancer (PDTC) and anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) have a worse prognosis with respect to well differentiated TC, and the loss of the capability of up-taking 131I is one of the main features characterizing aggressive TC. The knowledge of the genomic landscape of TC can help clinicians to discover the responsible alterations underlying more advance diseases and to address more tailored therapy. In fact, to date, the antiangiogenic multi-targeted kinase inhibitor (aaMKIs) sorafenib, lenvatinib, and cabozantinib, have been approved for the therapy of aggressive radioiodine (RAI)-resistant papillary TC (PTC) or follicular TC (FTC). Several other compounds, including immunotherapies, have been introduced and, in part, approved for the treatment of TC harboring specific mutations. For example, selpercatinib and pralsetinib inhibit mutant RET in medullary thyroid cancer but they can also block the RET fusion proteins-mediated signaling found in PTC. Entrectinib and larotrectinib, can be used in patients with progressive RAI-resistant TC harboring TRK fusion proteins. In addition FDA authorized the association of dabrafenib (BRAFV600E inhibitor) and trametinib (MEK inhibitor) for the treatment of BRAFV600E-mutated ATC. These drugs not only can limit the cancer spread, but in some circumstance they are able to induce the re-differentiation of aggressive tumors, which can be again submitted to new attempts of RAI therapy. In this review we explore the current knowledge on the genetic landscape of TC and its implication on the development of new precise therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giusy Elia
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Armando Patrizio
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Ragusa
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sabrina Rosaria Paparo
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Valeria Mazzi
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Eugenia Balestri
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Botrini
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Licia Rugani
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Salvatore Benvenga
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy,Master Program on Childhood, Adolescent and Women’s Endocrine Health, University of Messina, Messina, Italy,Interdepartmental Program of Molecular and Clinical Endocrinology and Women’s Endocrine Health, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico ‘G. Martino’, Messina, Italy
| | - Gabriele Materazzi
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudio Spinelli
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Antonelli
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy,*Correspondence: Alessandro Antonelli,
| | - Poupak Fallahi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Bulfamante AM, Lori E, Bellini MI, Bolis E, Lozza P, Castellani L, Saibene AM, Pipolo C, Fuccillo E, Rosso C, Felisati G, De Pasquale L. Advanced Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A Complex Condition Needing a Tailored Approach. Front Oncol 2022; 12:954759. [PMID: 35875142 PMCID: PMC9300941 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.954759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Differentiated thyroid cancers (DTCs) are slow-growing malignant tumours, including papillary and follicular carcinomas. Overall, prognosis is good, although it tends to worsen when local invasion occurs with bulky cervical nodes, or in the case of distant metastases. Surgery represents the main treatment for DTCs. However, radical excision is challenging and significant morbidity and functional loss can follow the treatment of the more advanced forms. Literature on advanced thyroid tumours, both differentiated and undifferentiated, does not provide clear and specific guidelines. This emerges the need for a tailored and multidisciplinary approach. In the present study, we report our single-centre experience of 111 advanced (local, regional, and distant) DTCs, investigating the rate of radical excision, peri-procedural and post-procedural complications, quality of life, persistence, recurrence rates, and survival rates. Results are critically appraised and compared to the existing published evidence review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Mario Bulfamante
- Otolaryngology Unit, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Eleonora Lori
- Department of Surgical Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Eleonora Lori,
| | | | | | - Paolo Lozza
- Otolaryngology Unit, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Castellani
- Otolaryngology Unit, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Maria Saibene
- Otolaryngology Unit, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlotta Pipolo
- Otolaryngology Unit, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuela Fuccillo
- Otolaryngology Unit, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Rosso
- Otolaryngology Unit, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Felisati
- Otolaryngology Unit, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Loredana De Pasquale
- Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery Service-Otolaryngology Unit, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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