Smart polymers driven by multiple and tunable hydrogen bonds for intact phosphoprotein enrichment

Imidazolium-Type Poly(ionic liquid) Endows the Composite Polymer Electrolyte Membrane with Excellent Interface Compatibility for All-Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries

Developing a poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-based polymer electrolyte with high ionic conductivity and robust mechanical property is beneficial for real applications of all-solid-state lithium metal batteries (ASSLMBs). Herein, an excellent organic/inorganic interface compatibility of all-solid-state composite polymer electrolytes (CPEs) is achieved using a novel imidazolium-type poly(ionic liquid) with strong electrostatic interactions, providing insights into the achievement of highly stable CPEs. The key properties such as micromorphologies, thermal behavior, crystallinity, t_Li⁺, mechanical property, lithium anode surficial morphology, and electrochemical performance are systematically investigated. The combined experimental and density functional theory (DFT) simulation results exhibit that the strong electrostatic interaction and ion-dipole interaction cooperated to improve the compatibility of the CPE, with a high ionic conductivity of 1.46 × 10^-4 S cm^-1 at 40 °C and an incredible mechanical strain of 2000% for dendrite-free and highly stable all-solid-state LMBs. This work affords a promising strategy to accelerate the development of PEO-based polymer electrolytes for real applications in ASSLMBs.

Advances in phosphoproteomics and its application to COPD

INTRODUCTION

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was the third leading cause of global death in 2019, causing a huge economic burden to society. Therefore, it is urgent to identify specific phenotypes of COPD patients through early detection, and to promptly treat exacerbations. The field of phosphoproteomics has been a massive advancement, compelled by the developments in mass spectrometry, enrichment strategies, algorithms, and tools. Modern mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteomics allows understanding of disease pathobiology, biomarker discovery, and predicting new therapeutic modalities.

AREAS COVERED

In this article, we present an overview of phosphoproteomic research and strategies for enrichment and fractionation of phosphopeptides, identification of phosphorylation sites, chromatographic separation and mass spectrometry detection strategies, and the potential application of phosphorylated proteomic analysis in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of COPD disease.

EXPERT OPINION

The role of phosphoproteomics in COPD is critical for understanding disease pathobiology, identifying potential biomarkers, and predicting new therapeutic approaches. However, the complexity of COPD requires the more comprehensive understanding that can be achieved through integrated multi-omics studies. Phosphoproteomics, as a part of these multi-omics approaches, can provide valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms of COPD.

Recent Materials Developed for Dispersive Solid Phase Extraction

Solid phase extraction (SPE) is an analytical procedure developed with the purpose of separating a target analyte from a complex sample matrix prior to quantitative or qualitative determination. The purpose of such treatment is twofold: elimination of matrix constituents that could interfere with the detection process or even damage analytical equipment as well as enriching the analyte in the sample so that it is readily available for detection. Dispersive solid phase extraction (dSPE) is a recent development of the standard SPE technique that is attracting growing attention due to its remarkable simplicity, short extraction time and low requirement for solvent expenditure, accompanied by high effectiveness and wide applicability. This review aims to thoroughly survey recently conducted analytical studies focusing on methods utilizing novel, interesting nanomaterials as dSPE sorbents, as well as known materials that have been only recently successfully applied in dSPE techniques, and evaluate their performance and suitability based on comparison with previously reported analytical procedures.