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Idowu OK, Oremosu AA, Dosumu OO, Mohammed AA. Ribose-cysteine and levodopa abrogate Parkinsonism via the regulation of neurochemical and redox activities in alpha-synuclein transgenic Drosophila melanogaster models. Fly (Austin) 2024; 18:2306687. [PMID: 38286464 PMCID: PMC10826630 DOI: 10.1080/19336934.2024.2306687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD), the most prevalent type of parkinsonism, is a progressive neurodegenerative condition marked by several non-motor and motor symptoms. PD is thought to have a complex aetiology that includes a combination of age, genetic predisposition, and environmental factors. Increased expression of α-synuclein (α-Syn) protein is central to the evolvement of neuropathology in this devastating disorder, but the potential of ribose-cysteine and levodopa in abating pathophysiologic changes in PD model is unknown. Crosses were set up between flies conditionally expressing a pathological variant of human α-Syn (UAS-α-Syn) and those expressing GAL4 in neurons (elav-GAL4) to generate offspring referred to as PD flies. Flies were randomly assigned to five groups (n = 40) from the total population of flies, with each group having five replicates. Groups of PD flies were treated with either 500 mg/kg ribose-cysteine diet, 250 mg/kg levodopa diet, or a combination of the two compounds for 21 days, whereas the control group (w1118) and the PD group were exposed to a diet without ribose-cysteine or levodopa. In addition to various biochemical and neurochemical assays, longevity, larval motility, and gravitaxis assays were carried out. Locomotive capability, lifespan, fecundity, antioxidant state, and neurotransmitter systems were all significantly (p < 0.05) compromised by overexpression of α-Syn. However, flies treated both ribose cysteine and levodopa showed an overall marked improvement in motor functions, lifespan, fecundity, antioxidant status, and neurotransmitter system functions. In conclusion, ribose-cysteine and levodopa, both singly and in combination, potentiated a therapeutic effect on alpha-synuclein transgenic Drosophila melanogaster models of Parkinsonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olumayowa K. Idowu
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
- Department of Anatomy, College of Health Sciences, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Ademola A. Oremosu
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Olufunke O. Dosumu
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Abdullahi A. Mohammed
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Rwanda
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Maggio MG, Baglio F, Arcuri F, Borgnis F, Contrada M, Diaz MDM, Leochico CF, Neira NJ, Laratta S, Suchan B, Tonin P, Calabrò RS. Cognitive telerehabilitation: an expert consensus paper on current evidence and future perspective. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1338873. [PMID: 38426164 PMCID: PMC10902044 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1338873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The progressive improvement of the living conditions and medical care of the population in industrialized countries has led to improvement in healthcare interventions, including rehabilitation. From this perspective, Telerehabilitation (TR) plays an important role. TR consists of the application of telemedicine to rehabilitation to offer remote rehabilitation services to the population unable to reach healthcare. TR integrates therapy-recovery-assistance, with continuity of treatments, aimed at neurological and psychological recovery, involving the patient in a family environment, with an active role also of the caregivers. This leads to reduced healthcare costs and improves the continuity of specialist care, as well as showing efficacy for the treatment of cognitive disorders, and leading to advantages for patients and their families, such as avoiding travel, reducing associated costs, improving the frequency, continuity, and comfort of performing the rehabilitation in its own spaces, times and arrangements. The aim of this consensus paper is to investigate the current evidence on the use and effectiveness of TR in the cognitive field, trying to also suggest some recommendations and future perspectives. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first consensus paper among multiple expert researchers that comprehensively examines TR in different neurological diseases. Our results supported the efficacy and feasibility of TR with good adherence and no adverse events among patients. Our consensus summarizes the current evidence for the application of cognitive TR in neurological populations, highlighting the potential of this tool, but also the limitations that need to be explored further.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Francesco Arcuri
- S. Anna Institute and Research in Advanced Neurorehabilitation, Crotone, Italy
| | | | - Marianna Contrada
- S. Anna Institute and Research in Advanced Neurorehabilitation, Crotone, Italy
| | | | - Carl Froilan Leochico
- University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
- St. Luke’s Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines
| | | | - Stefania Laratta
- S. Anna Institute and Research in Advanced Neurorehabilitation, Crotone, Italy
| | - Boris Suchan
- Department of Neuropsychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Paolo Tonin
- S. Anna Institute and Research in Advanced Neurorehabilitation, Crotone, Italy
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van Wamelen DJ, Leta V, Chaudhuri KR, Jenner P. Future Directions for Developing Non-dopaminergic Strategies for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease. Curr Neuropharmacol 2024; 22:1606-1620. [PMID: 37526188 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666230731110709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The symptomatic treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) has been dominated by the use of dopaminergic medication, but significant unmet need remains, much of which is related to non-motor symptoms and the involvement of non-dopaminergic transmitter systems. As such, little has changed in the past decades that has led to milestone advances in therapy and significantly improved treatment paradigms and patient outcomes, particularly in relation to symptoms unresponsive to levodopa. This review has looked at how pharmacological approaches to treatment are likely to develop in the near and distant future and will focus on two areas: 1) novel non-dopaminergic pharmacological strategies to control motor symptoms; and 2) novel non-dopaminergic approaches for the treatment of non-motor symptoms. The overall objective of this review is to use a 'crystal ball' approach to the future of drug discovery in PD and move away from the more traditional dopamine-based treatments. Here, we discuss promising non-dopaminergic and 'dirty drugs' that have the potential to become new key players in the field of Parkinson's disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J van Wamelen
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Basic & Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Parkinson Foundation Centre of Excellence at King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Neurology, Centre of Expertise for Parkinson & Movement Disorders, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Valentina Leta
- Department of Basic & Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Parkinson Foundation Centre of Excellence at King's College Hos- pital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Parkinson Foundation Centre of Excellence at King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - K Ray Chaudhuri
- Department of Basic & Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Parkinson Foundation Centre of Excellence at King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Jenner
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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Novikov NI, Brazhnik ES, Kitchigina VF. Pathological Correlates of Cognitive Decline in Parkinson's Disease: From Molecules to Neural Networks. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2023; 88:1890-1904. [PMID: 38105206 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297923110172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by the death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and appearance of protein aggregates (Lewy bodies) consisting predominantly of α-synuclein in neurons. PD is currently recognized as a multisystem disorder characterized by severe motor impairments and various non-motor symptoms. Cognitive decline is one of the most common and worrisome non-motor symptoms. Moderate cognitive impairments (CI) are diagnosed already at the early stages of PD, usually transform into dementia. The main types of CI in PD include executive dysfunction, attention and memory decline, visuospatial impairments, and verbal deficits. According to the published data, the following mechanisms play an essential role demonstrates a crucial importance in the decline of the motor and cognitive functions in PD: (1) changes in the conformational structure of transsynaptic proteins and protein aggregation in presynapses; (2) synaptic transmission impairment; (3) neuroinflammation (pathological activation of the neuroglia); (4) mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress; (5) metabolic disorders (hypometabolism of glucose, dysfunction of glycolipid metabolism; and (6) functional rearrangement of neuronal networks. These changes can lead to the death of dopaminergic cells in the substantia nigra and affect the functioning of other neurotransmitter systems, thus disturbing neuronal networks involved in the transmission of information related to the regulation of motor activity and cognitive functions. Identification of factors causing detrimental changes in PD and methods for their elimination will help in the development of new approaches to the therapy of PD. The goal of this review was to analyze pathological processes that take place in the brain and underlie the onset of cognitive disorders in PD, as well as to describe the impairments of cognitive functions in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai I Novikov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Elena S Brazhnik
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Valentina F Kitchigina
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
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Rinaldi C, Landre CB, Volpe MI, Gonçalves RG, Nunes LDS, Darienso D, Cruz AV, Oliveira JD, Rinaldi S, Fontani V, Barcessat AR. Improving Functional Capacity and Quality of Life in Parkinson's Disease Patients through REAC Neuromodulation Treatments for Mood and Behavioral Disorders. J Pers Med 2023; 13:937. [PMID: 37373926 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13060937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a neurological disorder that affects both motor and non-motor functions, including depression, anxiety, and cognitive decline. Currently, it remains a challenge to distinguish the correlation between these aspects and their impact on one another. To try to clarify these reciprocal influences, in this study we have used specific radio electric asymmetric conveyer (REAC) technology neuromodulation treatments for behavioral mood disorders and adjustment disorders. In particular, we employed the neuro-postural optimization (NPO) and neuro-psycho-physical optimization (NPPOs) treatments. The study enrolled randomly 50 subjects of both genders previously diagnosed with Parkinson's disease for at least six months. Prior to and following REAC NPO and NPPOs treatments, we assessed the subjects using functional dysmetria (FD) evaluation, five times sit to stand test (FTSST) for postural stability, and the 12-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12) for quality of life (QLF) evaluation. The positive results produced by the REAC NPO and NPPOs neuromodulation treatments, specific for mood and adaptation disorders, on dysfunctional motor disorders, and quality of life confirm how the non-motor components can condition the symptomatology of Parkinsonian motor symptoms. These results also highlight the usefulness of REAC NPO and NPPOs treatments in improving the overall quality of life of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Rinaldi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Area, and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Rinaldi Fontani Institute, 50144 Florence, Italy
- Department of Adaptive Neuro Psycho Physio Pathology and Neuro Psycho Physical Optimization, Rinaldi Fontani Institute, 50144 Florence, Italy
| | - Cleuton Braga Landre
- Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá-UNIFAP, Macapá 68903-419, Brazil
| | - Maria Izabel Volpe
- Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá-UNIFAP, Macapá 68903-419, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences-PPGCS, Federal University of Amapá-UNIFAP, Macapá 68903-419, Brazil
| | - Rebeca Góes Gonçalves
- Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá-UNIFAP, Macapá 68903-419, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences-PPGCS, Federal University of Amapá-UNIFAP, Macapá 68903-419, Brazil
| | - Lucas Dos Santos Nunes
- Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá-UNIFAP, Macapá 68903-419, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences-PPGCS, Federal University of Amapá-UNIFAP, Macapá 68903-419, Brazil
| | - Danyela Darienso
- Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá-UNIFAP, Macapá 68903-419, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences-PPGCS, Federal University of Amapá-UNIFAP, Macapá 68903-419, Brazil
| | - Ana Vitoria Cruz
- Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá-UNIFAP, Macapá 68903-419, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences-PPGCS, Federal University of Amapá-UNIFAP, Macapá 68903-419, Brazil
| | - João Douglas Oliveira
- Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá-UNIFAP, Macapá 68903-419, Brazil
| | - Salvatore Rinaldi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Rinaldi Fontani Institute, 50144 Florence, Italy
- Department of Adaptive Neuro Psycho Physio Pathology and Neuro Psycho Physical Optimization, Rinaldi Fontani Institute, 50144 Florence, Italy
| | - Vania Fontani
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Rinaldi Fontani Institute, 50144 Florence, Italy
- Department of Adaptive Neuro Psycho Physio Pathology and Neuro Psycho Physical Optimization, Rinaldi Fontani Institute, 50144 Florence, Italy
| | - Ana Rita Barcessat
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences-PPGCS, Federal University of Amapá-UNIFAP, Macapá 68903-419, Brazil
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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