Synthesis and evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of novel quinazolinones

Supported Palladium Catalyzed Carbonylative Coupling Reactions using Carbon Monoxide as C1 Source

The carbonylative reactions of aryl halides, boronic acids, amines, activated alkene and alkynes under CO and supported palladium catalyzed conditions are very popular reactions for the synthesis of bioactive molecules, pharmaceuticals, polymers, peptides, intermediates and fine chemicals synthesis. Due to cost effectiveness and easy handling of recyclable supported palladium catalyst, it became more popular among researchers either working in academic institute or industry. In recent years, irrespective of poisoning effect of CO with palladium as major limitation, several advancements have been done through surface selection, designing and condition improvement to achieve high yield in the area of carbonylative coupling reactions. We hope this review will be helpful as a ready reference of last 20 years in the field of CO insertion reactions using diverse range of supported palladium catalysts under carbon monoxide or its sources as C1 source.

Basic ionic liquid as catalyst and surfactant: green synthesis of quinazolinone in aqueous media

Basic imidazolium-based ionic liquids not only possess the extraordinary physicochemical properties of ionic liquids, but also have excellent basicity and surfactivity. 1-Propyl-3-alkylimidazole hydroxide ionic liquids ([PRIm][OH]) were synthesized and their catalytic and surfactant behavior were studied in this work. [PRIm][OH] owned excellent surfactivity, and their alkyl chains and ion pairs benefit hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity respectively. The surfactivity of [PRIm][OH] increased with increasing alkyl chain length. [PRIm][OH] showed better catalytic performance than NaOH in the condensation of 2-aminobenzonitrile with cyclohexanone in aqueous medium, and the catalytic performance was well coincident with their surfactant behavior. [PRIm][OH] could decrease the interfacial tension of solvent effectively and form micelles in water. The formed micelles could solubilise more reactants into water and effectively increase the chance of contact between reactants and catalytic active sites. The catalyst dosage obviously affected catalytic performance. The catalytic system is a promising recyclable system.

[PRIm][OH] showed excellent catalytic properties in synthesis of quinazolinone in aqueous medium, owing to its excellent surfactivity and basicity.

Cytotoxic Evaluation of Some Fused Pyridazino- and Pyrrolo-quinazolinones Derivatives on Melanoma and Prostate Cell Lines

Background:

Quinazolinon as an important class of heterocycles is attractive in medicinal research areas due to their wide range of biological effects. Cytotoxic activities of the quinazolinone derivatives in various cell lines including: HeLa, L1210 (mouse lymphocytic leukemia) and HT29 (human colon adenocarcinoma) were reported.

Materials and Methods:

In this study, a number of newly made tricycles quinazolinone derivatives such as fused pyridazino-quinazolinones and fused pyrrolo-quinazolinones were evaluated on two cancerous cell lines, melanoma (B16F10) and prostate (PC3) using the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide colorimetric assay.

Results:

The results of cytotoxicity evaluations indicated that almost all of the compounds at the concentrations of 10 and 100 μM showed significant differences in viability in comparison with negative control at 48 h exposure (P < 0.05). However, during 24 h exposure some of the compounds showed cytotoxicity activity.

Conclusion:

Results showed that both cell lines were sensitive to synthesized compounds and longer duration of exposure (48 h) had better results compared to that of 24 h screening.

Synthesis and biological activity of arylsulfonamide derivatives containing 2-arylamino-4(3H)-quinazolinone

Twenty arylsulfonamide derivatives containing 2-arylamino-4(3H)-quinazolinone were synthesized and evaluated for their bioactivities. 4-Fluoro-N-(2-(4-oxo-2-(4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)amino)quinazolin-3(4H)-yl)ethyl benzenesulfonamide, showed excellent activity both against Ralstonia solanacearum and Gibberella zeae with the inhibition rates of 100% (200 mg/L) and 95% (100 mg/L), and 69% (50 mg/L), respectively, exceeding that of the assigned commercial bactericide (thiodiazole-copper) and fungicide (hymexazol). The preliminary structure activity relationships (SAR) showed that both benzene rings of arylamino and arylsulfonamido moieties containing electron-withdrawing substitutes may be preferable for improving the bioactivity of target compounds.

Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Bioactive Six-Membered Heterocycles and Their Fused Analogues

This review describes the formation of six-membered heterocyclic compounds and their fused analogues under microwave activation using modern organic transformations including cyclocondensation, cycloaddition, multicomponents and other modular reactions. The review is divided according to the main heterocycle types in order of increasing complexity, starting with heterocyclic systems containing one, two and three heteroatoms and their fused analogues. Recent microwave applications are reviewed, with special focus on the chemistry of bioactive compounds. Selected examples from the 2006 to 2015 literature are discussed.

Convenient synthesis of 2,3-disubstituted quinazolin-4(3H)-ones and 2-styryl-3-substituted quinazolin-4(3H)-ones: applications towards the synthesis of drugs

Simple, convenient, and green synthetic protocols have been developed for the one pot synthesis of 2,3-disubstituted quinazolin-4(3H)-ones and 2-styryl-3-substituted quinazolin-4(3H)-ones under catalyst and solvent free conditions.

Pd/C as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for carbonylative four-component synthesis of 4(3H)-quinazolinones

A relatively mild, operationally simple, phosphine-free and recyclable catalytic system for the carbonylative synthesis of 4(3H)-quinazolinones with 2-iodoanilines, trimethyl orthoformate, and amines as the substrates has been developed.

Rapid and efficient synthesis of 4(3H)-quinazolinones under ultrasonic irradiation using silica-supported Preyssler nanoparticles

A new synthesis of 4(3H)-quinazolinone from the reaction of 2-amino-benzamide, and acylchlorides in the presence of catalytic amounts of silica-supported Preyssler nano particles as green, reusable and efficient catalyst under ultra sonic irradiation is reported.

Antibacterial, antifungal, insecticidal, cytotoxicity and phytotoxicity studies on Indigofera gerardiana

The antibacterial, antifungal, acute cytotoxicity, phytotoxicity and insecticidal profile of the crude extract and various fractions of Indigofera gerardiana have been studied. Six bacterial and fungal strains were used, of which Samonella typhi and Microsporum canis were the most susceptible strains with MICs 0.37 mg/mL and 0.09 mg/mL, respectively. The crude extract and the fractions showed low insecticidal activity against Sitophilus oryzae, Rhyzopertha dominica and Callosbruchus analis but no activity against Tribolium castaneum. The brine shrimp lethality assay showed absence of any measurable cytotoxicity of the crude extract and fractions, showing a good safety profile at a preliminary level. All the fractions except crude extract revealed profound and highly significant herbicidal activity against Lemna minor at the concentration of 1000 microg/mL. Indigofera gerardiana was shown by in-vitro assays to be a potential source for natural antifungal, antibacterial and herbicidal agents.

A microwave-assisted and heteropolyacids-catalysed cyclocondensation reaction for the synthesis of 4(3H)-quinazolinones

We have investigated a microwave-assisted synthesis of 4(3H)-quinazolinones by condensation of anthranilic acid, orthoesters (or formic acid) and substituted anilines,using Keggin-type heteropolyacids (H(3)PW(12)O(40).13H(2)O, H(4)SiW(12)O(40).13H(2)O,H(4)SiMo(12)O(40).13H(2)O or H(3)PMo(12)O(40).13H(2)O) as catalysts. We found that the the use of H(3)PW(12)O(40).13H(2)O acid coupled to microwave irradiation allows a solvent-free, rapid (approximately 13min) and high-yielding reaction.