1
|
Brown M, Lacome M, Leduc C, Hader K, Guilhem G, Buchheit M. Acute locomotor, heart rate and neuromuscular responses to added wearable resistance during soccer-specific training. SCI MED FOOTBALL 2024; 8:269-277. [PMID: 37277313 DOI: 10.1080/24733938.2023.2222100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Investigate acute locomotor, internal (heart rate (HR) and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE)) and neuromuscular responses to using wearable resistance loading for soccer-specific training. METHODS Twenty-six footballers from a French 5th division team completed a 9-week parallel-group training intervention (intervention group: n = 14, control: n = 12). The intervention group trained with wearable resistance (200-g on each posterior, distal-calf) for full-training sessions on Day + 2, D + 4 and unloaded on D + 5. Between-group differences in locomotor (GPS) and internal load were analyzed for full-training sessions and game simulation drills. Neuromuscular status was evaluated using pre- and post-training box-to-box runs. Data were analyzed using linear mixed-modelling, effect size ±90% confidence limits (ES ± 90%CL) and magnitude-based decisions. RESULTS Full-training sessions: Relative to the control, the wearable resistance group showed greater total distance (ES [lower, upper limits]: 0.25 [0.06, 0.44]), sprint distance (0.27 [0.08, 0.46]) and mechanical work (0.32 [0.13, 0.51]). Small game simulation (<190 m2/player): wearable resistance group showed small decreases in mechanical work (0.45 [0.14, 0.76]) and moderately lower average HR (0.68 [0.02, 1.34]). Large game simulation (>190 m2/player): no meaningful between-group differences were observed for all variables. Training induced small to moderate neuromuscular fatigue increases during post-training compared to pre-training box-to-box runs for both groups (Wearable resistance: 0.46 [0.31, 0.61], Control: 0.73 [0.53, 0.93]). CONCLUSION For full training, wearable resistance induced higher locomotor responses, without affecting internal responses. Locomotor and internal outputs varied in response to game simulation size. Football-specific training with wearable resistance did not impact neuromuscular status differently than unloaded training.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Brown
- Performance Department, Paris Saint Germain 5 Avenue du President John Fitzgerald Kennedy, Saint Germain-En-Laye, Paris, France
- French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Laboratory Sport, Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Lacome
- French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Laboratory Sport, Paris, France
- Parma Calcio 1913, Performance and Analytics Department, Parma, Italy
| | - Cedric Leduc
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
- Sport Science and Medicine Department, Crystal Palace FC, London, UK
| | - Karim Hader
- Performance Research Intelligence Initiative, Kitman Labs, Performance Research Intelligence Initiative, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gael Guilhem
- French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Laboratory Sport, Paris, France
| | - Martin Buchheit
- French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Laboratory Sport, Paris, France
- Performance Research Intelligence Initiative, Kitman Labs, Performance Research Intelligence Initiative, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Promsri A, Deedphimai S, Promthep P, Champamuang C. Impacts of Wearable Resistance Placement on Running Efficiency Assessed by Wearable Sensors: A Pilot Study. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:4399. [PMID: 39001178 PMCID: PMC11244602 DOI: 10.3390/s24134399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Wearable resistance training is widely applied to enhance running performance, but how different placements of wearable resistance across various body parts influence running efficiency remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the impacts of wearable resistance placement on running efficiency by comparing five running conditions: no load, and an additional 10% load of individual body mass on the trunk, forearms, lower legs, and a combination of these areas. Running efficiency was assessed through biomechanical (spatiotemporal, kinematic, and kinetic) variables using acceleration-based wearable sensors placed on the shoes of 15 recreational male runners (20.3 ± 1.23 years) during treadmill running in a randomized order. The main findings indicate distinct effects of different load distributions on specific spatiotemporal variables (contact time, flight time, and flight ratio, p ≤ 0.001) and kinematic variables (footstrike type, p < 0.001). Specifically, adding loads to the lower legs produces effects similar to running with no load: shorter contact time, longer flight time, and a higher flight ratio compared to other load conditions. Moreover, lower leg loads result in a forefoot strike, unlike the midfoot strike seen in other conditions. These findings suggest that lower leg loads enhance running efficiency more than loads on other parts of the body.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arunee Promsri
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Siriyakorn Deedphimai
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
| | - Petradda Promthep
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
| | - Chonthicha Champamuang
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bertochi GFA, Tasinafo Júnior MF, Santos IA, Sasaki JE, Mota GR, Jordão GG, Puggina EF. The use of wearable resistance and weighted vest for sprint performance and kinematics: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5453. [PMID: 38443408 PMCID: PMC10915135 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54282-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Wearable resistance (WR) and weighted vests (WV) can be used in almost all training conditions to enhance sprint performance; however, positioning and additional mass are different in WV and WR strategies, affecting performance and kinematics differently. We aimed to systematically review the literature, searching for intervention studies that reported the acute or chronic kinematic and performance impact of WV and WR and comparing them. We analyzed Pubmed, Embase, Scopus, and SPORTDiscuss databases for longitudinal and cross-over studies investigating sprint performance or kinematics using an inverse-variance with a random-effect method for meta-analysis. After the eligibility assessment, 25 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Cross-over WR and WV studies found significantly higher sprint times and higher ground contact times (CT) compared to unloaded (UL) conditions. However, WR presented a lower step frequency (SF) compared to UL, whereas WV presented a lower step length (SL). Only one study investigated the chronic adaptations for WR, indicating a superiority of the WR group on sprint time compared to the control group. However, no difference was found chronically for WV regarding sprint time, CT, and flight time (FT). Our findings suggest that using WV and WR in field sports demonstrates overload sprint gesture through kinematic changes, however, WR can be more suitable for SF-reliant athletes and WV for SL-reliant athletes. Although promising for chronic performance improvement, coaches and athletes should carefully consider WV and WR use since there is no supporting evidence that WV or WR will impact sprint performance, CT, and FT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Felipe Arantes Bertochi
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Izabela A Santos
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Jeffer Eidi Sasaki
- Exercise Science, Health and Human Performance Research Group, Department of Sport Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Gustavo R Mota
- Exercise Science, Health and Human Performance Research Group, Department of Sport Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Gregorutti Jordão
- Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Enrico Fuini Puggina
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Feser EH, Bezodis NE, Neville J, Macadam P, Uthoff AM, Nagahara R, Tinwala F, Clark K, Cronin JB. Changes to horizontal force-velocity and impulse measures during sprint running acceleration with thigh and shank wearable resistance. J Sports Sci 2021; 39:1519-1527. [PMID: 33583334 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2021.1882771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This study determined the effects of two wearable resistance (WR) placements (i.e. thigh and shank) on horizontal force-velocity and impulse measures during sprint running acceleration. Eleven male athletes performed 50 m sprints either unloaded or with WR of 2% body mass attached to the thigh or shank. In-ground force platforms were used to measure ground reaction forces and determine dependent variables of interest. The main findings were: 1) increases in sprint times and reductions in maximum velocity were trivial to small when using thigh WR (0.00-1.93%) and small to moderate with shank WR (1.56-3.33%); 2) athletes maintained or significantly increased horizontal force-velocity mechanical variables with WR (effect size = 0.32-1.23), except for theoretical maximal velocity with thigh WR, and peak power, theoretical maximal velocity and maximal ratio of force with shank WR; 3) greater increases to braking and vertical impulses were observed with shank WR (2.72-26.3% compared to unloaded) than with thigh WR (2.17-12.1% compared to unloaded) when considering the entire acceleration phase; and, 4) no clear trends were observed in many of the individual responses. These findings highlight the velocity-specific nature of this resistance training method and provide insight into what mechanical components are overloaded by lower-limb WR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erin H Feser
- Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), AUT Millennium, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Neil E Bezodis
- Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise and Medicine Research Centre, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Jono Neville
- Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), AUT Millennium, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Paul Macadam
- Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), AUT Millennium, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Aaron M Uthoff
- Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), AUT Millennium, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ryu Nagahara
- National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya, Kanoya, Japan
| | - Farhan Tinwala
- Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), AUT Millennium, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.,High Performance Sport New Zealand, New Zealand
| | - Kenneth Clark
- Department of Kinesiology, West Chester University, West Chester, PA, USA
| | - John B Cronin
- Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), AUT Millennium, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Istvan Rydså J, van den Tillaar R. The acute effect of wearable resistance load and placement upon change of direction performance in soccer players. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0242493. [PMID: 33206708 PMCID: PMC7673491 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to examine the acute effect of different lower limb wearable resistance on placement (shank vs thigh) and various loads (1-5% of body mass) upon change of direction (COD) ability. Twelve male soccer players (age: 23.3 ± 2.5 years; height: 179.2 ± 7.4 cm; body mass: 78.3 ± 7.1 kg) performed a change of direction test with different additional loads fixed on either the shank or thigh. Measurement consisted of total time, 90° and 45° split times. large effects of the different wearable resistance placement (p<0.05) and load (p<0.001) were found for total and split change of direction time performance. Change of direction times were higher with shank loading compared with thigh loading. It was concluded that lower limb wearable resistance loading with different loads had an acute effect upon change of direction performance in male soccer players. Furthermore, that distal placement (shank vs thigh) with similar body mass load had a larger effect upon COD performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Istvan Rydså
- Department of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, Nord University, Levanger, Norway
| | | |
Collapse
|