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Martínez-Sobrino J, Navia JA, Del Campo-Vecino J, Jiménez-Reyes P, Veiga-Fernández S. A New Index to Evaluate Running Coordination Based on Notational Analysis. J Sports Sci Med 2023; 22:790-796. [PMID: 38045738 PMCID: PMC10690510 DOI: 10.52082/jssm.2023.790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was 1) to define a new index to describe running coordination, named % of coordination, and 2) to examine whether it could represent an order parameter in relation to running velocity. Twelve international middle-distance athletes (six males and six females) performed three trials at easy, 5000 m pace and sprint velocities while filmed from a lateral view at 240 Hz. Notational analysis of six lower-limb key events corresponding to touchdown, mid-stance and flight phases was performed with high values of intra- (maximum standard deviation = 7 ms) and inter-operator (maximum systematic bias = 6 ms) reliability. Running velocity manipulations resulted in substantial and progressive increases in stride length, stride frequency (all p's < 0.001) and % of coordination (p < 0.001; η²p = 0.77), while duty factor showed a progressive reduction (p < 0.001, R2c = 0.86). However, % of coordination depended on the stride phase (p < 0.001; η²p = 0.78), with greater time gaps between key events in touchdown and mid-stance than in the flight phase. Results confirmed that % of coordination can illustrate changes in movement organisation, representing an easy tool for evaluating the running technique of competitive athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Juan Del Campo-Vecino
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Facultad de formación de Profesorado y Educación, Madrid, Spain
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Patoz A, Lussiana T, Breine B, Piguet E, Gyuriga J, Gindre C, Malatesta D. Using statistical parametric mapping to assess the association of duty factor and step frequency on running kinetic. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1044363. [PMID: 36545285 PMCID: PMC9760857 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1044363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Duty factor (DF) and step frequency (SF) were previously defined as the key running pattern determinants. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the association of DF and SF on 1) the vertical and fore-aft ground reaction force signals using statistical parametric mapping; 2) the force related variables (peaks, loading rates, impulses); and 3) the spring-mass characteristics of the lower limb, assessed by computing the force-length relationship and leg stiffness, for treadmill runs at several endurance running speeds. One hundred and fifteen runners ran at 9, 11, and 13 km/h. Force data (1000 Hz) and whole-body three-dimensional kinematics (200 Hz) were acquired by an instrumented treadmill and optoelectronic system, respectively. Both lower DF and SF led to larger vertical and fore-aft ground reaction force fluctuations, but to a lower extent for SF than for DF. Besides, the linearity of the force-length relationship during the leg compression decreased with increasing DF or with decreasing SF but did not change during the leg decompression. These findings showed that the lower the DF and the higher the SF, the more the runner relies on the optimization of the spring-mass model, whereas the higher the DF and the lower the SF, the more the runner promotes forward propulsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Patoz
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Research and Development Department, Volodalen Swiss Sport Lab, Aigle, Switzerland
| | - Thibault Lussiana
- Research and Development Department, Volodalen Swiss Sport Lab, Aigle, Switzerland.,Research and Development Department, Volodalen, France.,Research Unit EA3920 Prognostic Markers and Regulatory Factors of Cardiovascular Diseases and Exercise Performance, Health, Innovation Platform, University of Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Bastiaan Breine
- Research and Development Department, Volodalen Swiss Sport Lab, Aigle, Switzerland.,Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eliott Piguet
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jonathan Gyuriga
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cyrille Gindre
- Research and Development Department, Volodalen Swiss Sport Lab, Aigle, Switzerland.,Research and Development Department, Volodalen, France
| | - Davide Malatesta
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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