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Rosencher J, Cescau A, Baccouche M, Boyer C, Monin JL. Unicuspid aortic valve by cardiac computed tomography: the best view is from the mountaintop-a case report. Eur Heart J Case Rep 2024; 8:ytae097. [PMID: 38454958 PMCID: PMC10919388 DOI: 10.1093/ehjcr/ytae097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Background Unicuspid aortic valve (UAV) is a rare valvular heart disease and a challenging diagnosis. Advanced imaging techniques, particularly cardiac computed tomography (CT), appear to be invaluable tools to correctly identify this disease pre-operatively, as this may have an impact on the optimal surgical treatment. Case summary We describe the case of a young patient admitted with heart failure, due to a severely stenotic UAV. Cardiac CT allowed adjusting the imaging plane to the best view in two orthogonal planes to identify the top of the 'dome' and to accurately measure the smallest valve opening by planimetry. Surgical inspection confirmed a rare case of acommissural UAV. Discussion Cardiac CT angiography is crucial to understand the complexity of UAV disease and to differentiate the acommissural from the unicommissural type. Accurate positioning of the imaging plane through the smallest valve opening in systole reduces the risk of missing the diagnosis of this rare disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Rosencher
- Cardiology Department, Groupe Hospitalier Privé Ambroise Paré—Hartmann, 48 ter bld Victor Hugo, 92130 Neuilly Sur Seine, France
| | - Arthur Cescau
- Cardiology Department, Groupe Hospitalier Privé Ambroise Paré—Hartmann, 48 ter bld Victor Hugo, 92130 Neuilly Sur Seine, France
| | - Mohammed Baccouche
- Cardiology Department, Groupe Hospitalier Privé Ambroise Paré—Hartmann, 48 ter bld Victor Hugo, 92130 Neuilly Sur Seine, France
| | - Clément Boyer
- Cardiology Department, Groupe Hospitalier Privé Ambroise Paré—Hartmann, 48 ter bld Victor Hugo, 92130 Neuilly Sur Seine, France
| | - Jean Luc Monin
- Cardiology Department, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, 42 Bd Jourdan, 75014 Paris, France
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2
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Harb AM, Salah A, Adeyemi B, Fatumnbi O, Harb AM, Kumar R, Malaisrie SC. The Lone Cusp: A Patient With a Regurgitant Unicuspid Valve With Aortic Aneurysm. CASE (PHILADELPHIA, PA.) 2024; 8:138-141. [PMID: 38524986 PMCID: PMC10954672 DOI: 10.1016/j.case.2023.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
•UAV is a rare clinical entity often misdiagnosed as BAV. •UAV can manifest with isolated AR. •UAV has a bimodal distribution: acommissural (infants) or unicommissural (adults). •TEE or cardiac magnetic resonance should be considered in younger patients with BAV. •Aortopathy can occur without severe UAV stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad M. Harb
- Internal Medicine Residency Program, Northwestern Medicine McHenry Hospital, McHenry, Illinois
| | - Abdelraouf Salah
- Internal Medicine Residency Program, Northwestern Medicine McHenry Hospital, McHenry, Illinois
| | - Boluwaduro Adeyemi
- Internal Medicine Residency Program, Northwestern Medicine McHenry Hospital, McHenry, Illinois
| | - Oluwafunmbi Fatumnbi
- Internal Medicine Residency Program, Northwestern Medicine McHenry Hospital, McHenry, Illinois
| | | | - Ravi Kumar
- Internal Medicine Residency Program, Northwestern Medicine McHenry Hospital, McHenry, Illinois
| | - S. Chris Malaisrie
- Division of Cardiac Surgery at Northwestern University, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Illinois
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3
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Hassanabad AF, Kim T, Adams C. A rare and unique case: aortic valve replacement in a young adult with a stenotic unicommissural unicuspid aortic valve. Future Cardiol 2024; 20:5-10. [PMID: 38189260 DOI: 10.2217/fca-2022-0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Unicuspid aortic valve (UAV) is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly. There are two forms of UAV, including unicuspid acommissural and unicuspid unicommissural. Definitive management for UAV is surgical intervention, but due to the rarity of UAV, the long-term surgical outcomes as well as overall prognosis are not known. Here, we present the case of a 19-year-old patient who was found to have a UAV prenatally and underwent a mechanical aortic valve replacement through an upper hemi-sternotomy due to elevated aortic stenosis gradients and presence of symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tiffany Kim
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, Canada
| | - Corey Adams
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, Canada
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4
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Vaideeswar P, Singaravel S, Butany J. Valvular heart disease. Cardiovasc Pathol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822224-9.00008-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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5
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Unicuspid and quadricuspid aortic valves: two case reports and literature review. Cardiol Young 2021; 31:1538-1541. [PMID: 33787477 DOI: 10.1017/s1047951121001153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
There are three cusps in a normally developed aortic valve. Abnormal excavation or fusion, during the embryological development of the aortic valve, results in a varying number of cusps. Bicuspid aortic valve is the most common, but more rarely, unicuspid and quadricuspid aortic valves can be seen.Here, a case of a 16-year-old male with a unicommissural unicuspid aortic valve and a case of a 13-year-old female with a quadricuspid aortic valve were reported.
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6
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Michelena HI, Della Corte A, Evangelista A, Maleszewski JJ, Edwards WD, Roman MJ, Devereux RB, Fernández B, Asch FM, Barker AJ, Sierra-Galan LM, De Kerchove L, Fernandes SM, Fedak PWM, Girdauskas E, Delgado V, Abbara S, Lansac E, Prakash SK, Bissell MM, Popescu BA, Hope MD, Sitges M, Thourani VH, Pibarot P, Chandrasekaran K, Lancellotti P, Borger MA, Forrest JK, Webb J, Milewicz DM, Makkar R, Leon MB, Sanders SP, Markl M, Ferrari VA, Roberts WC, Song JK, Blanke P, White CS, Siu S, Svensson LG, Braverman AC, Bavaria J, Sundt TM, El Khoury G, De Paulis R, Enriquez-Sarano M, Bax JJ, Otto CM, Schäfers HJ. Summary: international consensus statement on nomenclature and classification of the congenital bicuspid aortic valve and its aortopathy, for clinical, surgical, interventional and research purposes. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2021; 60:481-496. [PMID: 34292332 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezab039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This International evidence-based nomenclature and classification consensus on the congenital bicuspid aortic valve and its aortopathy recognizes 3 types of bicuspid aortic valve: 1. Fused type, with 3 phenotypes: right-left cusp fusion, right-non cusp fusion and left-non cusp fusion; 2. 2-sinus type with 2 phenotypes: Latero-lateral and antero-posterior; and 3. Partial-fusion or forme fruste. This consensus recognizes 3 bicuspid-aortopathy types: 1. Ascending phenotype; root phenotype; and 3. extended phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessandro Della Corte
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Arturo Evangelista
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR) Ciber-CV, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joseph J Maleszewski
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - William D Edwards
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mary J Roman
- Division of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Borja Fernández
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Ciber-CV, Málaga, Spain
| | | | - Alex J Barker
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Colorado, USA
| | - Lilia M Sierra-Galan
- Cardiovascular Division, American British Cowdray Medical Center, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Laurent De Kerchove
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Susan M Fernandes
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Paul W M Fedak
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Evaldas Girdauskas
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Victoria Delgado
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Suhny Abbara
- Cardiothoracic Imaging Division, Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Emmanuel Lansac
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Institute Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France
| | - Siddharth K Prakash
- Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Malenka M Bissell
- Department of Biomedical Imaging Science, Leeds Institute to Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Bogdan A Popescu
- Department of Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila"-Euroecolab, Emergency Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases "Prof. Dr. C. C. Iliescu", Bucharest, Romania
| | - Michael D Hope
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Marta Sitges
- Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBAPS; CIBERCV, ISCIII (CB16/11/00354); CERCA Programme
| | - Vinod H Thourani
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Phillippe Pibarot
- Department of Cardiology, Québec Heart & Lung Institute, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Patrizio Lancellotti
- Department of Cardiology, University of Liège Hospital, GIGA Cardiovascular Sciences, CHU Sart Tilman, Liège,Belgium.,Gruppo Villa Maria Care and Research, Maria Cecilia Hospital, Cotignola, Italy.,Anthea Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Michael A Borger
- University Clinic of Cardiac Surgery, Leipzig Heart Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - John K Forrest
- Yale University School of Medicine & Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - John Webb
- St Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Dianna M Milewicz
- Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Raj Makkar
- Yale University School of Medicine & Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Martin B Leon
- St Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Cedars Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center/NY Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stephen P Sanders
- Cardiac Registry, Departments of Cardiology, Pathology and Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael Markl
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Victor A Ferrari
- Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center and Penn Cardiovascular Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - William C Roberts
- Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Texas A & M School of Medicine, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jae-Kwan Song
- University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Philipp Blanke
- Department of Radiology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Charles S White
- Department of Radiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Samuel Siu
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, ON, Canada
| | - Lars G Svensson
- Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Alan C Braverman
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Joseph Bavaria
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Thoralf M Sundt
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gebrine El Khoury
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ruggero De Paulis
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, European Hospital and Unicamillus University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Jeroen J Bax
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Catherine M Otto
- Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Hans-Joachim Schäfers
- Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
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7
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Michelena HI, Della Corte A, Evangelista A, Maleszewski JJ, Edwards WD, Roman MJ, Devereux RB, Fernández B, Asch FM, Barker AJ, Sierra-Galan LM, De Kerchove L, Fernandes SM, Fedak PWM, Girdauskas E, Delgado V, Abbara S, Lansac E, Prakash SK, Bissell MM, Popescu BA, Hope MD, Sitges M, Thourani VH, Pibarot P, Chandrasekaran K, Lancellotti P, Borger MA, Forrest JK, Webb J, Milewicz DM, Makkar R, Leon MB, Sanders SP, Markl M, Ferrari VA, Roberts WC, Song JK, Blanke P, White CS, Siu S, Svensson LG, Braverman AC, Bavaria J, Sundt TM, Khoury GE, De Paulis R, Enriquez-Sarano M, Bax JJ, Otto CM, Schäfers HJ. Summary: International consensus statement on nomenclature and classification of the congenital bicuspid aortic valve and its aortopathy, for clinical, surgical, interventional, and research purposes. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2021; 162:781-797. [PMID: 34304894 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2021.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This International evidence-based nomenclature and classification consensus on the congenital bicuspid aortic valve and its aortopathy recognizes 3 types of bicuspid aortic valve: 1. Fused type, with 3 phenotypes: right-left cusp fusion, right-non cusp fusion and left-non cusp fusion; 2. 2-sinus type with 2 phenotypes: Latero-lateral and antero-posterior; and 3. Partial-fusion or forme fruste. This consensus recognizes 3 bicuspid-aortopathy types: 1. Ascending phenotype; root phenotype; and 3. extended phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessandro Della Corte
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy
| | - Arturo Evangelista
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR) Ciber-CV, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joseph J Maleszewski
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn
| | - William D Edwards
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn
| | - Mary J Roman
- Division of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | | | - Borja Fernández
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Ciber-CV, Málaga, Spain
| | | | - Alex J Barker
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Colo
| | - Lilia M Sierra-Galan
- Cardiovascular Division, American British Cowdray Medical Center, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Laurent De Kerchove
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Susan M Fernandes
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, Calif; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, Calif
| | - Paul W M Fedak
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Evaldas Girdauskas
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Victoria Delgado
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Suhny Abbara
- Cardiothoracic Imaging Division, Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex
| | - Emmanuel Lansac
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Institute Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France
| | - Siddharth K Prakash
- Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Tex
| | - Malenka M Bissell
- Department of Biomedical Imaging Science, Leeds Institute to Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Bogdan A Popescu
- Department of Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila"-Euroecolab, Emergency Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases "Prof. Dr. C. C. Iliescu," Bucharest, Romania
| | - Michael D Hope
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif
| | - Marta Sitges
- Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain, IDIBAPS; CIBERCV, ISCIII (CB16/11/00354); and CERCA Programme
| | - Vinod H Thourani
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Phillippe Pibarot
- Department of Cardiology, Québec Heart & Lung Institute, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Patrizio Lancellotti
- Department of Cardiology, University of Liège Hospital, GIGA Cardiovascular Sciences, CHU Sart Tilman, Liège, Belgium; Gruppo Villa Maria Care and Research, Maria Cecilia Hospital, Cotignola, Italy; Anthea Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Michael A Borger
- University Clinic of Cardiac Surgery, Leipzig Heart Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - John K Forrest
- Yale University School of Medicine & Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Conn
| | - John Webb
- St Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; aeCedars Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, Calif; afDivision of Cardiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center/NY Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY
| | - Dianna M Milewicz
- Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Tex
| | - Raj Makkar
- Yale University School of Medicine & Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Conn
| | - Martin B Leon
- St Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; aeCedars Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, Calif; afDivision of Cardiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center/NY Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY
| | - Stephen P Sanders
- Cardiac Registry, Departments of Cardiology, Pathology and Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Michael Markl
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill
| | - Victor A Ferrari
- Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center and Penn Cardiovascular Institute, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - William C Roberts
- Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Tex; Texas A & M School of Medicine, Dallas, Tex
| | - Jae-Kwan Song
- University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Philipp Blanke
- Department of Radiology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Charles S White
- Department of Radiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Samuel Siu
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lars G Svensson
- Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Alan C Braverman
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Mo
| | - Joseph Bavaria
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Thoralf M Sundt
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Gebrine El Khoury
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ruggero De Paulis
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, European Hospital and Unicamillus University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Jeroen J Bax
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Hans-Joachim Schäfers
- Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
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8
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Summary: International Consensus Statement on Nomenclature and Classification of the Congenital Bicuspid Aortic Valve and Its Aortopathy, for Clinical, Surgical, Interventional and Research Purposes. Ann Thorac Surg 2021; 112:1005-1022. [PMID: 34304861 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2021.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
This International evidence-based nomenclature and classification consensus on the congenital bicuspid aortic valve and its aortopathy recognizes 3 types of bicuspid aortic valve: 1. Fused type, with 3 phenotypes: right-left cusp fusion, right-non cusp fusion and left-non cusp fusion; 2. 2-sinus type with 2 phenotypes: Latero-lateral and antero-posterior; and 3. Partial-fusion or forme fruste. This consensus recognizes 3 bicuspid-aortopathy types: 1. Ascending phenotype; root phenotype; and 3. extended phenotypes.
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