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Wang Y, Li Q, Wu Y, Han S, Xiao Y, Kong L. The Effects of Mycovirus BmPV36 on the Cell Structure and Transcription of Bipolaris maydis. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:133. [PMID: 38392805 PMCID: PMC10890528 DOI: 10.3390/jof10020133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Bipolaris maydis partitivirus 36 (BmPV36) is a mycovirus that can significantly reduce the virulence of the host Bipolaris maydis, but its hypovirulence mechanism is not clear. To investigate the response of B. maydis to BmPV36, the effects of BmPV36 on host cell structure and gene expression were studied via transmission electron microscopy and transcriptome sequencing using BmPV36-carrying and virus-free mycelium on the second and fifth culture. The results of transmission electron microscopy showed that the cell wall microfibrils of B. maydis were shortened, the cell membrane was broken, and membrane-bound vesicles and vacuoles appeared in the cells after carrying BmPV36. Transcriptome sequencing results showed that after carrying BmPV36, B. maydis membrane-related genes were significantly up-regulated, but membrane transport-related genes were significantly down-regulated. Genes related to carbohydrate macromolecule polysaccharide metabolic and catabolic processes were significantly down-regulated, as were genes related to the synthesis of toxins and cell wall degrading enzymes. Therefore, we speculated that BmPV36 reduces the virulence of B. maydis by destroying the host's cell structure, inhibiting the synthesis of toxins and cell wall degrading enzymes, and reducing cell metabolism. Gaining insights into the hypovirulence mechanism of mycoviruses will provide environmentally friendly strategies for the control of fungal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajiao Wang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Qiusheng Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Yuxing Wu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Sen Han
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Lingxiao Kong
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Baoding 071000, China
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McCorison CB, Goodwin SB. The wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici senses and responds to different wavelengths of light. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:513. [PMID: 32711450 PMCID: PMC7382159 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-06899-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The ascomycete fungus Zymoseptoria tritici (synonyms: Mycosphaerella graminicola, Septoria tritici) is a major pathogen of wheat that causes the economically important foliar disease Septoria tritici blotch. Despite its importance as a pathogen, little is known about the reaction of this fungus to light. To test for light responses, cultures of Z. tritici were grown in vitro for 16-h days under white, blue or red light, and their transcriptomes were compared with each other and to those obtained from control cultures grown in darkness. Results There were major differences in gene expression with over 3400 genes upregulated in one or more of the light conditions compared to dark, and from 1909 to 2573 genes specifically upregulated in the dark compared to the individual light treatments. Differences between light treatments were lower, ranging from only 79 differentially expressed genes in the red versus blue comparison to 585 between white light and red. Many of the differentially expressed genes had no functional annotations. For those that did, analysis of the Gene Ontology (GO) terms showed that those related to metabolism were enriched in all three light treatments, while those related to growth and communication were more prevalent in the dark. Interestingly, genes for effectors that have been shown previously to be involved in pathogenicity also were upregulated in one or more of the light treatments, suggesting a possible role of light for infection. Conclusions This analysis shows that Z. tritici can sense and respond to light with a huge effect on transcript abundance. High proportions of differentially expressed genes with no functional annotations illuminates the huge gap in our understanding of light responses in this fungus. Differential expression of genes for effectors indicates that light could be important for pathogenicity; unknown effectors may show a similar pattern of transcription. A better understanding of the effects of light on pathogenicity and other biological processes of Z. tritici could help to manage Septoria tritici blotch in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra B McCorison
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, 915 West State Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907-2054, USA
| | - Stephen B Goodwin
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Crop Production and Pest Control Research Unit, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, 915 West State Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907-2054, USA.
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Tran TMD, Nguyen VK, Duong TH, Tran TN, Nguyen NH, Devi AP, Chavasiri W, Dinh MH, Tran NMA, Sichaem J. Maydisone, a novel oxime polyketide from the cultures of Bipolaris maydis. Nat Prod Res 2020; 36:102-107. [PMID: 32400180 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1765339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A novel oxime polyketide, maydisone (1), along with two known compounds, 7-hydroxy-2,5-dimethylchromone (2) and 2,5-dimethylbenzoic acid (3) were isolated from the cultures of Bipolaris maydis. Their structures were identified by the application of NMR and MS data analyses and comparison with previous reports. Compound 1 showed the most powerful inhibition of α-glucosidase, with an IC50 value of 68.30 ± 0.83 µM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi-Minh-Dinh Tran
- Department of Biology, University of Education, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Van-Kieu Nguyen
- Institute of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Duy Tan University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Faculty of Natural Sciences, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Thuc-Huy Duong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Education, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thanh-Nha Tran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Education, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc-Hong Nguyen
- CirTech Institute, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HUTECH), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Asshaima Paramita Devi
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Center of Excellence in Natural Products Chemistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Warinthorn Chavasiri
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Center of Excellence in Natural Products Chemistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Minh-Hiep Dinh
- Management Board, Agricultural Hi-Tech Park, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen-Minh-An Tran
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Jirapast Sichaem
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Lampang, Thailand
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Masi M, Dasari R, Evidente A, Mathieu V, Kornienko A. Chemistry and biology of ophiobolin A and its congeners. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:859-869. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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He J, Li ZH, Ai HL, Feng T, Liu JK. Anti-bacterial chromones from cultures of the endophytic fungus Bipolaris eleusines. Nat Prod Res 2018; 33:3515-3520. [PMID: 29898613 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1486313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
One previously undescribed chromone (S)-5-hydroxyl-2-(1-hydroxyethyl)-7-methylchromone (1) and one known analogue (2), as well as four known sativene-type sesquiterpenoids bipolenins A‒C (3‒5), were isolated from cultures of the endophytic fungus Bipolaris eleusines. Their structure were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods and the data comparison with those reported in the literature. Compounds 1 and 2 showed weak inhibitory activities against Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus with the inhibition rates of 56.3 ± 0.48 and 32 ± 1.27%, respectively, at the concentration of 128 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities , Wuhan , China
| | - Zheng-Hui Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities , Wuhan , China
| | - Hong-Lian Ai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities , Wuhan , China
| | - Tao Feng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities , Wuhan , China
| | - Ji-Kai Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities , Wuhan , China
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Zhang X, Liu W, Chen X, Cai J, Wang C, He W. Effects and Mechanism of Blue Light on Monascus in Liquid Fermentation. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22030385. [PMID: 28257052 PMCID: PMC6155214 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22030385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of light on Monascus and the underlying mechanism have received a great deal of interest for the industrial application of Monascus pigments. In this study, we have examined the effects of blue light on the culture morphology, mycelium growth, pigments, and citrinin yield of Monascus in liquid-state and oscillation fermentation, and explored the mechanism at a physiological level. It was found that blue light affected the colony morphology, the composition (chitin content), and permeability of the Monascus mycelium cell wall in static liquid culture, which indicates blue light benefits pigments secreting from aerial mycelium to culture medium. In liquid oscillation fermentation, the yields of Monascus pigments in fermentation broth (darkness 1741 U/g, blue light 2206 U/g) and mycelium (darkness 2442 U/g, blue light 1900 U/g) cultured under blue light and darkness are different. The total pigments produced per gram of Monascus mycelium under blue light was also higher (4663 U/g) than that in darkness (4352 U/g). However, the production of citrinin (88 μg/g) under blue light was evidently lower than that in darkness (150 μg/g). According to the degradation of citrinin caused by blue light and hydrogen peroxide, it can be concluded that blue light could degrade citrinin and inhibit the catalase activity of Monascus mycelium, subsequently suppressing the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, which is the active species that degrades citrinin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Zhang
- College of Food Science & Engineering, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, China.
| | - Wenqing Liu
- College of Food Science & Engineering, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, China.
| | - Xiying Chen
- College of Food Science & Engineering, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, China.
| | - Junhui Cai
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion of Henan Province, College of Advanced Materials and Energy, Institute of Surface Micro and Nano Materials, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, China.
| | - Changlu Wang
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 1038 Dagu South Road, Hexi District, Tianjin 300222, China.
| | - Weiwei He
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion of Henan Province, College of Advanced Materials and Energy, Institute of Surface Micro and Nano Materials, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, China.
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