Matrix solid-phase dispersion as a tool for phytochemical and bioactivities characterisation: Crataegus oxyacantha L._A case study

Teratogen Potential Evaluation of the Aqueous and Hydroalcoholic Leaf Extracts of Crataegus oxyacantha in Pregnancy Rats

Crataegus oxyacantha is used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the transplacental genotoxicity effect of aqueous (AE) and hydroalcoholic extract (HE) of leaves C. oxyacantha in a rat model and the quantification of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the liver. Three different doses of the AE and HE of the C. oxyacantha leaf were administered orally (500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg) to Wistar rats during 5 days through the pregnancy term (16-21 days), and sampling in rats occurred every 24 h during the last 6 days of gestation, while only one sample was taken in neonates at birth. A sample of the mother's and the neonate's liver was taken for the determination of MDA. The results show that, at the hepatic level, the evaluated doses of extracts C. oxyacantha in pregnant rats and their pups did not show cytotoxicity. However, the AE and HE generated cytotoxic and genotoxic damage in the short term. On the other hand, only the AE showed a teratogenic effect. Based on these results, the AE and HE of the C. oxyacantha leaf should not be administered during pregnancy.

Hawthorn (Crataegus spp.): An Updated Overview on Its Beneficial Properties

Medicinal plants, many of which are wild, have recently been under the spotlight worldwide due to growing requests for natural and sustainable eco-compatible remedies for pathological conditions with beneficial health effects that are able to support/supplement a daily diet or to support and/or replace conventional pharmacological therapy. The main requests for these products are: safety, minimum adverse unwanted effects, better efficacy, greater bioavailability, and lower cost when compared with synthetic medications available on the market. One of these popular herbs is hawthorn (Crataegus spp.), belonging to the Rosaceae family, with about 280 species present in Europe, North Africa, West Asia, and North America. Various parts of this herb, including the berries, flowers, and leaves, are rich in nutrients and beneficial bioactive compounds. Its chemical composition has been reported to have many health benefits, including medicinal and nutraceutical properties. Accordingly, the present review gives a snapshot of the in vitro and in vivo therapeutic potential of this herb on human health.

A new dineolignan with anti-β-amyloid aggregation activity from the fruits of crataegus pinnatifida bge

A new dineolignan, crataeguslignan A (1), along with one known dineolignan (2) were isolated from the fruits of Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. Its chemical structure was identified by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses. All the isolated compounds were investigated with regard to their Aβ_1-42 inhibition activity. Among them, 1 displayed the most potent Aβ_1-42 inhibitory ability with the inhibition rate of 85.2% at the concentration of 20 μM.

Polyphenolic content and bioactivities of Crataegus oxyacantha L. (Rosaceae)

Solid-Liquid Extraction (SLE) using solvent of different polarities (CHCl₃, EtOAc, and n-BuOH) has been applied to leaves and fruits from (Crataegus oxyacantha L.), a deciduous shrub with an expected rich phytochemical profile. The total polyphenols content and the radical scavenging activity of each extract were evaluated. These extracts were analyzed by HPLC-DAD and rutin, quercetin-3-glucoside, caftaric and caffeic acid had been positively identified. The phytochemical study of the ethyl acetate extract of C. oxyacantha, led to the isolation and structural elucidation of quercetin (1); quercetin-3-O-β-glucoside (2); epicatechin (3); naringenin (4), reported for the first time from this species except caffeic acid and epicatechin. These compounds were identified by 1D and 2D NMR combined analysis as well as by MS and UV.The antimicrobial activity of these extracts has also been tested, showing strong antibacterial activity-solvent dependent-against Gram positive bacteria. Additionally, bactericidal power was demonstrated in fruit extracts.

Hepatoprotective Effects of Algerian Crataegus oxyacantha Leaves

BACKGROUND

Hawthorn (C. oxyacantha), a common edible plant, is widely used for the preparation of a different foodstuff and is also used in traditional medicine to treat heart problems and gastrointestinal ailments. Recently, a few patents of Crataegus preparation for protective effects (prevention of cardiovascular and hepatic diseases) have been developed.

OBJECTIVE

The current study aimed to explore the antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of nbutanol extract of Crataegus oxyacantha leaves in acute liver damage induced by Doxorubicin (DOX).

METHODS

Crataegus oxyacantha (100 mg/kg body weight) or vitamin E as a standard antioxidant (100 mg/kg body weight) were administered orally to female rats for 10 days, in the presence or absence of hepatotoxicity induced by a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of DOX (15 mg/kg on the 8th day). On day 11, blood and liver samples were analyzed for biomarker levels and histopathological changes. Liver homogenates were used for determination of oxidative stress parameters that include Malondialdehyde (MDA), Glutathione (GSH) level and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) activity.

RESULTS

Treatment with n-butanol extract of C. oxyacantha leaves significantly improved the altered liver enzyme activities and oxidative stress markers. The histopathological observations confirm the results of biochemical parameters.

CONCLUSION

The obtained results support the traditional use of C. oxyacantha to cure gastrointestinal ailments and highlighted its possible use in the food and pharmaceutical industries as a source of natural antioxidant.

Lignans from the seeds of Chinese hawthorn (Crataegus pinnatifida var. major N.E.Br.) against β-amyloid aggregation

Phytochemical investigation on the seeds of hawthorn (Crataegus spp.) led to the isolation of a new compound, (7'R, 8'R, 8S)-isolariciresinol (1), along with six known compounds (2-7). The structures of all compounds were determined based on spectroscopic data interpretation. The Aβ_1-42 inhibition activity of all isolated compounds was evaluated in vitro. As a result, compounds 5 and 6 showed stronger inhibition of Aβ_1-42 aggregation than curcumin, with inhibition rates of 70.59 and 68.14% at 20 μM. The possible mechanism of interaction between Aβ_1-42 and the active compounds 5 and 6 was also investigated by molecular docking.