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Lin C, Tsai FJ, Hsu YM, Ho TJ, Wang GK, Chiu YJ, Ha HA, Yang JS. Study of Baicalin toward COVID-19 Treatment: In silico Target Analysis and in vitro Inhibitory Effects on SARS-CoV-2 Proteases. Biomed Hub 2021; 6:122-137. [PMID: 34934765 PMCID: PMC8647113 DOI: 10.1159/000519564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Negative impacts of COVID-19 on human health and economic and social activities urge scientists to develop effective treatments. Baicalin is a natural flavonoid, extracted from a traditional medicinal plant, previously reported with anti-inflammatory activity. In this study, we used pharmacophore fitting and molecular docking to screen and determine docking patterns and the binding affinity of baicalin on 3 major targets of SARS-CoV-2 (3-chymotrypsin-like cysteine protease [3CLpro], papain-like protease [PLpro], and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase). The obtained data revealed that baicalin has high pharmacophore fitting on 3CLpro and predicted good binding affinity on PLpro. Moreover, using the enzymatic assay, we examined the inhibitory effect of baicalin in vitro on the screened enzymes. Baicalin also exhibits inhibitory effect on these proteases in vitro. Additionally, we performed pharmacophore-based screening of baicalin on human targets and conducted pathway analysis to explore the potential cytoprotective effects of baicalin in the host cell that may be beneficial for COVID-19 treatment. The result suggested that baicalin has multiple targets in human cell that may induce multiple pharmacological effects. The result of pathway analysis implied that these targets may be associated with baicalin-induced bioactivities that are involved with signals of pro-inflammation factors, such as cytokine and chemokine. Taken together with supportive data from the literature, the bioactivities of bailalin may be beneficial for COVID-19 treatment by reducing cytokine-induced acute inflammation. In conclusion, baicalin is potentially a good candidate for developing new therapeutic to treat COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chingju Lin
- Department of Physiology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Human Genetics Center, China Medical University Hospital 404, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Man Hsu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.,Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.,School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Guo-Kai Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Yu-Jen Chiu
- Division of Reconstructive and Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hai-Anh Ha
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Jai-Sing Yang
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Zhang H, Xie W, Liu J, Xiang X, Zhang S, Hu J, Yang J. Systematic Study on a Quantitative Analysis of Multicomponents by Single Marker (QAMS) Method for Simultaneous Determination of Eight Constituents in Pneumonia Mixture by UPLC-MS/MS. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2021; 2021:8311588. [PMID: 34777891 PMCID: PMC8580625 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8311588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Pneumonia mixture was formulated and is available to treat children acute pneumonia and acute bronchitis in our hospital for nearly forty years, but there are few studies of its quality evaluation or control. In this paper, a new strategy for quality evaluation of pneumonia mixture was explored and verified through qualitative and quantitative analyses of multicomponents by single marker (QAMS) by UPLC-MS/MS. Baicalein was selected as an internal reference, and the relative correction factors (RCFs) and the relative retention time (RRT) of (R, S)-goitrin, amygdalin, chlorogenic acid, pseudoephedrine hydrochloride, ephedrine hydrochloride, ammonium glycyrrhizinate, and baicalin were established. The robustness and durability of the QAMS method were investigated. RCF values calculated by the average (AVG) method and linear regression (LRG) method had good repeatability and were acceptable for quantitative analysis, and the RTT combined with the exact masses of precursor and fragment ions and their abundance could be adopted for accurately positioning the chromatographic peak of the eight constituents. The consistency and feasibility of the QAMS method were verified by comparing the contents of the seven components calculated by a classic and validated external standard method (ESM) with those of the QAMS method, which reduces analytical cost and time of detection and avoids the problem of the diversity and large quantity of reference standards. The results demonstrated that the QAMS method developed in this paper could provide a new, alternative, and promising method to comprehensively and effectively determine multicomponents and control the quality of pneumonia mixture or even a group of similar medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Weina Xie
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Jiangyun Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Xiang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shilei Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Junping Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Jianhua Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China
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Jia X, Zhang C, Bao J, Wang K, Tu Y, Wan JB, He C. Flavonoids from Rhynchosia minima root exerts anti-inflammatory activity in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells via MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway. Inflammopharmacology 2019; 28:289-297. [DOI: 10.1007/s10787-019-00632-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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