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Song Y, Amaya JA, Murarka VC, Mendez H, Hogan M, Muldoon J, Evans P, Ortin Y, Kelly SL, Lamb DC, Poulos TL, Caffrey P. Biosynthesis of a new skyllamycin in Streptomyces nodosus: a cytochrome P450 forms an epoxide in the cinnamoyl chain. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:2835-2843. [PMID: 38511621 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00178h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Activation of a silent gene cluster in Streptomyces nodosus leads to synthesis of a cinnamoyl-containing non-ribosomal peptide (CCNP) that is related to skyllamycins. This novel CCNP was isolated and its structure was interrogated using mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The isolated compound is an oxidised skyllamycin A in which an additional oxygen atom is incorporated in the cinnamoyl side-chain in the form of an epoxide. The gene for the epoxide-forming cytochrome P450 was identified by targeted disruption. The enzyme was overproduced in Escherichia coli and a 1.43 Å high-resolution crystal structure was determined. This is the first crystal structure for a P450 that forms an epoxide in a substituted cinnamoyl chain of a lipopeptide. These results confirm the proposed functions of P450s encoded by biosynthetic gene clusters for other epoxidized CCNPs and will assist investigation of how epoxide stereochemistry is determined in these natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Song
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology and School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Jose A Amaya
- Departments of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Vidhi C Murarka
- Departments of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Hugo Mendez
- Departments of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Mark Hogan
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology and School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Jimmy Muldoon
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology and School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Paul Evans
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology and School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Yannick Ortin
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology and School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Steven L Kelly
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science, Institute of Life Science, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
| | - David C Lamb
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science, Institute of Life Science, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Thomas L Poulos
- Departments of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Patrick Caffrey
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology and School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Ireland.
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Płachetka M, Krawiec M, Zakrzewska-Czerwińska J, Wolański M. AdpA Positively Regulates Morphological Differentiation and Chloramphenicol Biosynthesis in Streptomyces venezuelae. Microbiol Spectr 2021; 9:e0198121. [PMID: 34878326 PMCID: PMC8653842 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01981-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In members of genus Streptomyces, AdpA is a master transcriptional regulator that controls the expression of hundreds of genes involved in morphological differentiation, secondary metabolite biosynthesis, chromosome replication, etc. However, the function of AdpASv, an AdpA ortholog of Streptomyces venezuelae, is unknown. This bacterial species is a natural producer of chloramphenicol and has recently become a model organism for studies on Streptomyces. Here, we demonstrate that AdpASv is essential for differentiation and antibiotic biosynthesis in S. venezuelae and provide evidence suggesting that AdpASv positively regulates its own gene expression. We speculate that the different modes of AdpA-dependent transcriptional autoregulation observed in S. venezuelae and other Streptomyces species reflect the arrangement of AdpA binding sites in relation to the transcription start site. Lastly, we present preliminary data suggesting that AdpA may undergo a proteolytic processing and we speculate that this may potentially constitute a novel regulatory mechanism controlling cellular abundance of AdpA in Streptomyces. IMPORTANCEStreptomyces are well-known producers of valuable secondary metabolites which include a large variety of antibiotics and important model organisms for developmental studies in multicellular bacteria. The conserved transcriptional regulator AdpA of Streptomyces exerts a pleiotropic effect on cellular processes, including the morphological differentiation and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. Despite extensive studies, the function of AdpA in these processes remains elusive. This work provides insights into the role of a yet unstudied AdpA ortholog of Streptomyces venezuelae, now considered a novel model organism. We found that AdpA plays essential role in morphological differentiation and biosynthesis of chloramphenicol, a broad-spectrum antibiotic. We also propose that AdpA may undergo a proteolytic processing that presumably constitutes a novel mechanism regulating cellular abundance of this master regulator.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michał Krawiec
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Marcin Wolański
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
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Zhang SY, Li JS, Zhang H, Qi H, Wang RJ, Wu CF, Zhang LQ, Chen AL, Wang JD, Hao ZK. Two new threonine-containing metabolites from fungus Curvularia inaequalis strain HS-FG-257. Nat Prod Res 2020; 36:482-487. [PMID: 32586138 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1784168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Two new threonine-containing metabolites, N-[4-hydroxy-3-prenyl-benzoyl]-L-threonine (1) and N-[2,2-dimethyl-2H-chromene-6-carbonyl]-L-threonine (2), were isolated from the fermentation broth of the soil fungus Curvularia inaequalis strain HS-FG-257. Their structures were elucidated through the interpretation of HR-ESIMS and extensive NMR spectroscopic data. Both compounds exhibited no cytotoxic activity against the test cell lines A549 and HCT-116.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Yong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Jian-Song Li
- Institute of Applied Biotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Taizhou Vocational and Technical College, Taizhou, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Antifungal Drugs, Zhejiang Hisun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Taizhou, China
| | - Huan Qi
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Rui-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Chou-Fei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Li-Qin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - An-Liang Chen
- Provincial Joint Engineering Laboratory of Biopesticide Preparation, School of Forestry & Biotechnology, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, China
| | - Ji-Dong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Kui Hao
- Institute of Applied Biotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Taizhou Vocational and Technical College, Taizhou, China
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