Polyphenols of white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) seeds cultivated in Southern Italy by a LC-HRMS method

Critical review on the intervention effects of flavonoids from cereal grains and food legumes on lipid metabolism

Obesity, often caused by disorders of lipid metabolism, is a global health concern. Flavonoids from staple grains and legumes are expected as a safer and more cost-effective alternative for the future development of dietary flavonoid-based anti-obesity dietary supplements or drugs. This review systematically summarized their content variation, metabolism in the human body, effects and molecular mechanisms on lipid metabolism. These flavonoids intervene in lipid metabolism by inhibiting lipogenesis, promoting lipolysis, enhancing energy metabolism, reducing appetite, suppressing inflammation, enhancing insulin sensitivity, and improving the composition of the gut microbial. Fermentation and sprouting techniques enhance flavonoid content and these beneficial effects. The multidirectional intervention of lipid metabolism is mainly through regulating AMPK signaling pathway. This study provides potential improvement for challenges of application, including addressing high extraction costs and improving bioavailability, ensuring safety, filling clinical study gaps, and investigating potential synergistic effects between flavonoids in grains and legumes, and other components.

Detection of polyphenols in carob pods (Ceratonia siliqua) from Southern Italy by a LC-HRMS method

The presence of polyphenols was examined in carob pods (Ceratonia siliqua) from Southern Italy 90 days after harvest by the validation of a reliable LC-HRMS method. A greater abundance of Apigenin (51490.22 ± 34399.16 μg/Kg) and Myricetin (24897.92 ± 108332.05 μg/Kg) compared to previous research works conducted in Mediterranean countries. Significant differences in the polyphenol content between sampling areas (p < 0.05) were observed, particularly differences in hesperidin and myricetin. These differences confirmed the role of geochemical and climatic conditions in the variation of polyphenol content. This study is a first regarding the phenolic content of carob pods from Southern Italy, confirming the presence of these substances even long after harvest and that carob pods are valuable sources of phenolic substances that may be useful in the prevention of diseases related to oxidative stress.

Autophagy machinery plays an essential role in traumatic brain injury-induced apoptosis and its related behavioral abnormalities in mice: focus on Boswellia Sacra gum resin

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is described as a structural damage or physiological disturbance of brain function that occurs after trauma and causes disability or death in people of all ages. New treatment targets for TBI are being explored because current medicines are frequently ineffectual and poorly tolerated. There is increasing evidence that following TBI, there are widespread changes in autophagy-related proteins in both experimental and clinical settings. The current study investigated if Boswellia Sacra Gum Resin (BSR) treatment (500 mg/kg) could modulate post-TBI neuronal autophagy and protein expression, as well as whether BSR could markedly improve functional recovery in a mouse model of TBI. Taken together our results shows for the first time that BSR limits histological alteration, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant, cytokines release and autophagic flux alteration induced by TBI.