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Cassidy K, Zhao H. Redefining the Scope of Targeted Protein Degradation: Translational Opportunities in Hijacking the Autophagy-Lysosome Pathway. Biochemistry 2023; 62:580-587. [PMID: 34569233 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.1c00330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The advent of multi-specific targeted protein degradation (TPD) therapies has made it possible to drug targets that have long been considered to be inaccessible. For this reason, the foremost TPD modalities - molecular glues and proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) -have been widely adopted and developed in therapeutic programs across the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries. While there are many clear advantages to these two approaches, there are also blind spots. Specifically, PROTACs and molecular glues are inherently mechanistically analogous in that targets of both are degraded via the 26s proteasome; however, not all disease-relevant targets are suitable for ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS)-mediated degradation. The alternative mammalian protein degradation pathway, the autophagy-lysosome system (or ALS), is capable of degrading targets that elude the UPS such as long-lived proteins, insoluble protein aggregates, and even abnormal organelles. Emerging TPD strategies- such as ATTEC, AUTAC, and LYTAC- take advantage of the substrate diversity of the ALS to greatly expand the clinical utility of TPD. In this Perspective, we will discuss the array of current TPD modalities, with a focus on critical evaluation of these novel ALS-mediated degradation techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn Cassidy
- Discovery Biology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Heng Zhao
- Discovery Biology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
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2
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Wang R, Wang Z, Lu H. Separation methods for system-wide profiling of protein terminome. Proteomics 2023; 23:e2100374. [PMID: 35997653 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202100374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Protein N- and C-termini have specific biochemical properties and functions. They play vital roles in various biological processes, such as protein stability and localization. In addition, post-translational modifications and proteolytic processing generate different proteoforms at protein termini. In recent years, terminomics has attracted significant attention, and numerous strategies have been developed to achieve high-throughput and global terminomics analysis. This review summarizes the recent protein N-termini and C-termini enrichment methods and their application in different samples. We also look ahead further application of terminomics in profiling protease substrates and discovery of disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongjie Wang
- Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Haojie Lu
- Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research Ministry of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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3
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Ai Y, Gunawardena HP, Li X, Kim YI, Dewald HD, Chen H. Standard-Free Absolute Quantitation of Antibody Deamidation Degradation and Host Cell Proteins by Coulometric Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2022; 94:12490-12499. [PMID: 36018377 PMCID: PMC10492508 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Proteomic absolute quantitation strategies mainly rely on the use of synthetic stable isotope-labeled peptides or proteins as internal standards, which are highly costly and time-consuming to synthesize. To circumvent this limitation, we recently developed a coulometric mass spectrometry (CMS) approach for absolute quantitation of proteins without the use of standards, based on the electrochemical oxidation of oxidizable surrogate peptides, followed by mass spectrometry measurement of the peptide oxidation yield. Previously, CMS was only applied for single-protein quantitation. In this study, first, we demonstrated absolute quantitation of multiple proteins in a mixture (e.g., β-lactoglobulin B, α-lactalbumin, and carbonic anhydrase) by CMS in one run, without using any standards. The CMS quantitation result was validated with a traditional isotope dilution method. Second, CMS can be used for absolute quantitation of a low-level target protein in a mixture; for instance, 500 ppm of PLBL2, a problematic host cell protein (HCP), in the presence of a highly abundant monoclonal antibody (mAb) was successfully quantified by CMS with no use of standards. Third, taking one step further, this study demonstrated the unprecedented quantitative analysis of deamidated peptide products arising from the mAb heavy chain deamidation reaction. In particular, absolute quantitation of the deamidation succinimide intermediate which had not been performed before due to the lack of standard was conducted by CMS, for the first time. Overall, our data suggest that CMS has potential utilities for quantitative proteomics and biotherapeutic drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongling Ai
- Department of Chemistry & Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Harsha P Gunawardena
- Janssen Research & Development, The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Xuanwen Li
- Analytical Research & Development, Merck & Co., Inc., 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Yong-Ick Kim
- Department of Chemistry & Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Howard D Dewald
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, Chemistry Building, 133 University Terrace, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Chemistry & Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
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4
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Fahrner M, Kook L, Fröhlich K, Biniossek ML, Schilling O. A Systematic Evaluation of Semispecific Peptide Search Parameter Enables Identification of Previously Undescribed N-Terminal Peptides and Conserved Proteolytic Processing in Cancer Cell Lines. Proteomes 2021; 9:proteomes9020026. [PMID: 34070654 PMCID: PMC8162549 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes9020026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) has become the most commonly used technique in explorative proteomic research. A variety of open-source tools for peptide-spectrum matching have become available. Most analyses of explorative MS data are performed using conventional settings, such as fully specific enzymatic constraints. Here we evaluated the impact of the fragment mass tolerance in combination with the enzymatic constraints on the performance of three search engines. Three open-source search engines (Myrimatch, X! Tandem, and MSGF+) were evaluated concerning the suitability in semi- and unspecific searches as well as the importance of accurate fragment mass spectra in non-specific peptide searches. We then performed a semispecific reanalysis of the published NCI-60 deep proteome data applying the most suited parameters. Semi- and unspecific LC-MS/MS data analyses particularly benefit from accurate fragment mass spectra while this effect is less pronounced for conventional, fully specific peptide-spectrum matching. Search speed differed notably between the three search engines for semi- and non-specific peptide-spectrum matching. Semispecific reanalysis of NCI-60 proteome data revealed hundreds of previously undescribed N-terminal peptides, including cases of proteolytic processing or likely alternative translation start sites, some of which were ubiquitously present in all cell lines of the reanalyzed panel. Highly accurate MS2 fragment data in combination with modern open-source search algorithms enable the confident identification of semispecific peptides from large proteomic datasets. The identification of previously undescribed N-terminal peptides in published studies highlights the potential of future reanalysis and data mining in proteomic datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Fahrner
- Institute for Surgical Pathology, Medical Center–University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (M.F.); (K.F.)
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lucas Kook
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics & Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland;
- Institute for Data Analysis and Process Design, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, 8401 Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Klemens Fröhlich
- Institute for Surgical Pathology, Medical Center–University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (M.F.); (K.F.)
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin L. Biniossek
- Institute for Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany;
| | - Oliver Schilling
- Institute for Surgical Pathology, Medical Center–University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (M.F.); (K.F.)
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-761-270-80610
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Kaushal P, Lee C. N-terminomics - its past and recent advancements. J Proteomics 2020; 233:104089. [PMID: 33359939 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2020.104089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
N-terminomics is a rapidly evolving branch of proteomics that encompasses the study of protein N-terminal sequence. A proteome-wide collection of such sequences has been widely used to understand the proteolytic cascades and in annotating the genome. Over the last two decades, various N-terminomic strategies have been developed for achieving high sensitivity, greater depth of coverage, and high-throughputness. We, in this review, cover how the field of N-terminomics has evolved to date, including discussion on various sample preparation and N-terminal peptide enrichment strategies. We also compare different N-terminomic methods and highlight their relative benefits and shortcomings in their implementation. In addition, an overview of the currently available bioinformatics tools and data analysis pipelines for the annotation of N-terminomic datasets is also included. SIGNIFICANCE: It has been recognized that proteins undergo several post-translational modifications (PTM), and a number of perturbed biological pathways are directly associated with modifications at the terminal sites of a protein. In this regard, N-terminomics can be applied to generate a proteome-wide landscape of mature N-terminal sequences, annotate their source of generation, and recognize their significance in the biological pathways. Besides, a system-wide study can be used to study complicated proteolytic machinery and protease cleavage patterns for potential therapeutic targets. Moreover, due to unprecedented improvements in the analytical methods and mass spectrometry instrumentation in recent times, the N-terminomic methodologies now offers an unparalleled ability to study proteoforms and their implications in clinical conditions. Such approaches can further be applied for the detection of low abundant proteoforms, annotation of non-canonical protein coding sites, identification of candidate disease biomarkers, and, last but not least, the discovery of novel drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Kaushal
- Center for Theragnosis, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheolju Lee
- Center for Theragnosis, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyunghee-daero, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Aladdin A, Yao Y, Yang C, Kahlert G, Ghani M, Király N, Boratkó A, Uray K, Dittmar G, Tar K. The Proteasome Activators Blm10/PA200 Enhance the Proteasomal Degradation of N-Terminal Huntingtin. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10111581. [PMID: 33233776 PMCID: PMC7699873 DOI: 10.3390/biom10111581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Blm10/PA200 family of proteasome activators modulates the peptidase activity of the core particle (20S CP). They participate in opening the 20S CP gate, thus facilitating the degradation of unstructured proteins such as tau and Dnm1 in a ubiquitin- and ATP-independent manner. Furthermore, PA200 also participates in the degradation of acetylated histones. In our study, we use a combination of yeast and human cell systems to investigate the role of Blm10/PA200 in the degradation of N-terminal Huntingtin fragments (N-Htt). We demonstrate that the human PA200 binds to N-Htt. The loss of Blm10 in yeast or PA200 in human cells results in increased mutant N-Htt aggregate formation and elevated cellular toxicity. Furthermore, Blm10 in vitro accelerates the proteasomal degradation of soluble N-Htt. Collectively, our data suggest N-Htt as a new substrate for Blm10/PA200-proteasomes and point to new approaches in Huntington's disease (HD) research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azzam Aladdin
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (A.A.); (M.G.); (N.K.); (A.B.); (K.U.)
- Doctoral School of Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Yanhua Yao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10460, USA;
- Correspondence: (Y.Y.); (G.D.); (K.T.); Tel.: +86-21-6384-6590 (Y.Y.); +352-26970-944 (G.D.); +36-52-412-345 (K.T.)
| | - Ciyu Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10460, USA;
- Departments of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | | | - Marvi Ghani
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (A.A.); (M.G.); (N.K.); (A.B.); (K.U.)
- Doctoral School of Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Nikolett Király
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (A.A.); (M.G.); (N.K.); (A.B.); (K.U.)
- Doctoral School of Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Anita Boratkó
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (A.A.); (M.G.); (N.K.); (A.B.); (K.U.)
| | - Karen Uray
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (A.A.); (M.G.); (N.K.); (A.B.); (K.U.)
| | - Gunnar Dittmar
- Proteomics of Cellular Signalling, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
- Department of Life Science and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, 4365 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Correspondence: (Y.Y.); (G.D.); (K.T.); Tel.: +86-21-6384-6590 (Y.Y.); +352-26970-944 (G.D.); +36-52-412-345 (K.T.)
| | - Krisztina Tar
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (A.A.); (M.G.); (N.K.); (A.B.); (K.U.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10460, USA;
- Correspondence: (Y.Y.); (G.D.); (K.T.); Tel.: +86-21-6384-6590 (Y.Y.); +352-26970-944 (G.D.); +36-52-412-345 (K.T.)
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7
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Xu H, Huang X, Zhang Z, Zhang X, Min Q, Zhu JJ. Protease-responsive mass barcoded nanotranslators for simultaneously quantifying the intracellular activity of cascaded caspases in apoptosis pathways. Chem Sci 2020; 11:5280-5288. [PMID: 34122985 PMCID: PMC8159337 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01534b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantitatively delineating the activation network of multiple proteases that participate in cellular processes is highly essential for understanding the physiological and pathological states of cells. In this study, protease-responsive mass barcoded nanotranslators (PRMNTs) were engineered for revealing the activity of cascaded caspases in apoptosis in a multiplex and quantitative manner. In the PRMNTs, a series of mass tag-decorated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were tethered onto magnetic Fe3O4 nanospheres via a linker containing the substrate peptide of the target protease to form a "one-to-many" core-satellite structure. This nanostructure was internalized into the cells, underwent an enzymatic reaction within the cells, and allowed post-reaction mass spectrometry (MS) interrogation after magnetic separation from the cells. In the presence of intracellular caspases, enzymatic cleavage of the linker could be translated to the decreased ion signals of the mass tags on the remaining AuNPs in the PRMNTs by MS decoding. Benefiting from the multiplexing capability of MS, the intracellular activity of caspase-3, -8 and -9 that orchestrate the apoptotic process was simultaneously quantified at any given time. Kinetic analysis of caspase activity under stimulation of diverse anticancer drugs revealed that programmed cell death followed individual apoptosis pathways, differing in the activation degree and sequence of the caspase cascade. This work represents a modality that interfaces nanotechnology with MS for quantitatively probing the intracellular activity of multiple proteases, which opens up new avenues for revealing the apoptosis mechanism and developing innovative drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Xiaodan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Xuemeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Qianhao Min
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Jun-Jie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
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Abstract
The life span of cancer patients can be prolonged with appropriate therapies if detected early. Mass screening for early detection of cancer, however, requires sensitive and specific biomarkers obtainable from body fluids such as blood or urine. To date, most biomarker discovery programs focus on the proteome rather than the endogenous peptidome. It has been long-established that tumor cells and stromal cells produce tumor resident proteases (TRPs) to remodel the surrounding tumor microenvironment in support of tumor progression. In fact, proteolytic products of TRPs have been shown to correlate with malignant behavior. Being of low molecular weight, these unique peptides can pass through the endothelial barrier of the vasculature into the bloodstream. As such, the cancer peptidome has increasingly become a focus for biomarker discovery. In this review, we discuss on the various aspects of the peptidome in cancer biomarker research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pey Yee Lee
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Teck Yew Low
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Rahman Jamal
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Bhati KK, Blaakmeer A, Paredes EB, Dolde U, Eguen T, Hong SY, Rodrigues V, Straub D, Sun B, Wenkel S. Approaches to identify and characterize microProteins and their potential uses in biotechnology. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:2529-2536. [PMID: 29670998 PMCID: PMC6003976 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2818-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
MicroProteins are small proteins that contain a single protein domain and are related to larger, often multi-domain proteins. At the molecular level, microProteins act by interfering with the formation of higher order protein complexes. In the past years, several microProteins have been identified in plants and animals that strongly influence biological processes. Due to their ability to act as dominant regulators in a targeted manner, microProteins have a high potential for biotechnological use. In this review, we present different ways in which microProteins are generated and we elaborate on techniques used to identify and characterize them. Finally, we give an outlook on possible applications in biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushal Kumar Bhati
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
- Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Anko Blaakmeer
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
- Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Esther Botterweg Paredes
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
- Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Ulla Dolde
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
- Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Tenai Eguen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
- Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Shin-Young Hong
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
- Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Vandasue Rodrigues
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
- Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Daniel Straub
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
- Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Bin Sun
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
- Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Stephan Wenkel
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
- Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
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10
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Segarra AB, Prieto I, Martínez-Cañamero M, de Gasparo M, Luna JDD, Ramírez-Sánchez M. Thyroid Disorders Change the Pattern of Response of Angiotensinase Activities in the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis of Male Rats. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:731. [PMID: 30555423 PMCID: PMC6283893 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid disorders affect the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis with important consequences on the cardiovascular function in which the renin-angiotensin system plays a major role. Hypo and hyperthyroidism influence the classic main components of the renin-angiotensin system. However, the behavior of other elements of the renin-angiotensin system such as Ang III, Ang 2-10, Ang IV, or AT4, regulated by angiotensinase enzymes such as alanyl- (AlaAP), cystinyl- (CysAP), glutamyl- (GluAP), or aspartyl-aminopeptidase (AspAP), has not yet been described. In order to obtain a comprehensive view on the response of the renin-angiotensin system in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis of animals with thyroid disorders, these enzyme activities were simultaneously analyzed fluorometrically, using arylamide derivatives as substrates in hypothalamus, anterior and posterior pituitary, adrenals and plasma of euthyroid, hypothyroid, and hyperthyroid rats, and their intra- and inter-tissue correlations were evaluated. The response is depending on the type of enzyme studied, its location and the thyroid status. Anterior pituitary, adrenals and plasma were mainly affected by the thyroid disorders. In the anterior pituitary, GluAP and AspAP increased in hypothyroid rats. In adrenals, AlaAP and CysAP decreased in hypothyroid whereas GluAP and AspAP decreased in hyperthyroid rats. In plasma, while AlaAP increased in hypo- and hyperthyroid rats, CysAP and GluAP decreased only in hyperthyroid. In comparison with euthyroid, intra-tissue correlations decreased in hypothyroid but inter-tissue correlations decreased mainly in hyperthyroid rats. Thyroid disorders also produced a disruption in the pattern of inter-tissue correlations observed in euthyroid. These results suggest that thyroid hormone levels hit components of the renin-angiotensin system and may influence the paracrine and endocrine cross talk between cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana B. Segarra
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Isabel Prieto
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | | | - Marc de Gasparo
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Syndrome Adviser, Rossemaison, Switzerland
| | - Juan de Dios Luna
- Department of Biostatistics, Medical School, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Manuel Ramírez-Sánchez
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
- *Correspondence: Manuel Ramírez-Sánchez
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