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Hatami E, Abbaspour A, Dorostkar V. Phytoremediation of a petroleum-polluted soil by native plant species in Lorestan Province, Iran. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:24323-24330. [PMID: 29359249 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1297-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Petroleum hydrocarbons are potentially toxic for organisms due to the inherent properties, such as solubility, volatility, and biodegradability. The petroleum materials released from corroded old pipelines would pollute soils, shallow groundwater and air as a consequence, and threat the health of human and environment. Therefore, the removal of these compounds from environment is vital. The stability of these pollutants at the soil and their gradual accumulation over time would disrupt the normal function of the soil, such as reduced agricultural capability. In this research, the influence of two plant species (Bromus tectorum L. and Festuca arundinacea) with different amendments including arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, alfalfa residues, and nutrient solution on the degradation rate of petroleum hydrocarbons in soil was studied. The results showed that the most effective treatment for petroleum remediation was related to B. tectorum L. plant when treated with mycorrhizal fungi and nutrient solution. The degradation rate during 40 days was about 83.27% when compared to the control. Arbuscular mycorrhizal associations are important in the restoration of degraded ecosystems because of the benefits to their symbiotic partners. This fungal phytotechnological mechanism is still in its infancy and there has been little research on aged-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Hatami
- Water and Soil Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Semnan Province, Iran.
| | - Ali Abbaspour
- Water and Soil Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Semnan Province, Iran
| | - Vajiheh Dorostkar
- Water and Soil Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Semnan Province, Iran
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Petrová Š, Rezek J, Soudek P, Vaněk T. Preliminary study of phytoremediation of brownfield soil contaminated by PAHs. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 599-600:572-580. [PMID: 28494283 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Our project was aimed at improving a brownfield in the city of Kladno, where an old steel producing facility used to be in operation. Ecological risk is mainly caused by the processing of co-products during coal production (tars, oils). Knowledge of toxicology and environmental aspects can help us protect human health and the environment. Primarily, we focused on soil sampling and identification of pollutants. Results showed that organic contamination on the site is very high. Average concentration of total petroleum carbon in the soil was about 13g/kg DW, which is much more than the maximum allowed concentration. For selection of suitable plant species for phytoremediation at the site, experiments were conducted in a greenhouse. Biomass growth, root morphology, and pigment content in the leaves of Brassica napus var. Opus-C1 and Sorghum×drummondii var. Honey Graze BMR plants were studied. Plant analysis confirmed that polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) accumulated in the shoots of both plant species. B. napus plants grown on Poldi soil in a greenhouse were able to survive the toxicity of PAHs in soil, and their ability to accumulate PAHs from soil was evident. However, more studies are needed to decide if the plants are usable for phytoremediation of this brownfield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Šárka Petrová
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnologies, Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Rezek
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnologies, Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Soudek
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnologies, Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Vaněk
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnologies, Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Farzana S, Chen J, Pan Y, Wong YS, Tam NFY. Antioxidative response of Kandelia obovata, a true mangrove species, to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (BDE-99 and BDE-209) during germination and early growth. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 124:1063-1070. [PMID: 28034496 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A 3-months microcosm experiment with mangrove sediment spiked with PBDEs and planted with propagules of Kandelia obovata was conducted to investigate PBDE toxicity and antioxidative responses of the germinated seedlings. BDE-99 suppressed germination rate, leaves formation and growth of mangrove seedlings. The leaves and roots of BDE-99 treated seedlings had significantly higher superoxide (O2-) release, malondialdehyde (MDA) and total polyphenol (TP) content, and peroxidase (POD) activity than the control. BDE-209 increased activities of all three antioxidative enzymes, catalase (CAT), POD and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in roots, but in leaves, only CAT activity was stimulated. The MDA content of BDE-209 treated seedlings was less than the control. PBDEs were found in plant tissues of the treated seedlings. These results indicated that even though PBDEs were taken up in tissues, K. obovata, due to its antioxidative defense enzymes, could tolerate PBDEs and could be used for the bioremediation of PBDE-contaminated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazia Farzana
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Department on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Ying Pan
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuk-Shan Wong
- School of Science and Technology, Open University of Hong Kong, Homantin, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Nora Fung Yee Tam
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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Lenoir I, Fontaine J, Tisserant B, Laruelle F, Lounès-Hadj Sahraoui A. Beneficial contribution of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, Rhizophagus irregularis, in the protection of Medicago truncatula roots against benzo[a]pyrene toxicity. MYCORRHIZA 2017; 27:465-476. [PMID: 28197735 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-017-0764-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are able to improve plant establishment in polluted soils but little is known about the genes involved in the plant protection against pollutant toxicity by mycorrhization, in particular in the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). The present work aims at studying in both symbiotic partners, Medicago truncatula and Rhizophagus irregularis: (i) expression of genes putatively involved in PAH tolerance (MtSOD, MtPOX, MtAPX, MtGST, MtTFIIS, and MtTdp1α), (ii) activities of antioxidant (SOD, POX) and detoxification (GST) enzymes, and (iii) H2O2 and the heavy PAH, benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) accumulation. In the presence of B[a]P, whereas induction of the enzymatic activities was detected in R. irregularis and non-mycorrhizal roots as well as upregulation of the gene expressions in the non-mycorrhizal roots, downregulation of the gene expressions and decrease of enzyme activities were observed in mycorrhizal roots. Moreover, B[a]P increased H2O2 production in non-mycorrhizal roots and in R. irregularis but not in mycorrhizal roots. In addition, a lower B[a]P bioaccumulation in mycorrhizal roots was measured in comparison with non-mycorrhizal roots. Being less affected by pollutant toxicity, mycorrhizal roots did not activate any defense mechanism either at the gene expression regulation level or at the enzymatic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Lenoir
- Univ Littoral Côte d'Opale, EA 4492 - UCEIV - Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, F-62228 Calais cedex, France., SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, 50, rue Ferdinand Buisson, F-62228, Calais cedex, France
| | - Joël Fontaine
- Univ Littoral Côte d'Opale, EA 4492 - UCEIV - Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, F-62228 Calais cedex, France., SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, 50, rue Ferdinand Buisson, F-62228, Calais cedex, France
| | - Benoît Tisserant
- Univ Littoral Côte d'Opale, EA 4492 - UCEIV - Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, F-62228 Calais cedex, France., SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, 50, rue Ferdinand Buisson, F-62228, Calais cedex, France
| | - Frédéric Laruelle
- Univ Littoral Côte d'Opale, EA 4492 - UCEIV - Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, F-62228 Calais cedex, France., SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, 50, rue Ferdinand Buisson, F-62228, Calais cedex, France
| | - Anissa Lounès-Hadj Sahraoui
- Univ Littoral Côte d'Opale, EA 4492 - UCEIV - Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, F-62228 Calais cedex, France., SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, 50, rue Ferdinand Buisson, F-62228, Calais cedex, France.
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Zhang Y, Luo XJ, Mo L, Wu JP, Mai BX, Peng YH. Bioaccumulation and translocation of polyhalogenated compounds in rice (Oryza sativa L.) planted in paddy soil collected from an electronic waste recycling site, South China. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 137:25-32. [PMID: 25974192 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The bioaccumulation and translocation of polyhalogenated compounds (PHCs) in rice planted in the paddy soils of an electronic waste (e-waste) recycling site were investigated, along with the effect of contaminated soils on rice growth. The PHCs included polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE), 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy) ethane (BTBPE), and dechlorane plus (DPs). The morphological development and all measured physiological parameters of rice plants except for peroxidase were significantly inhibited by e-waste contaminated soils. Specifically, soil-root bioaccumulation factors (RCFs) increased with increasing logarithm of octanol-water partition coefficient (logKow) for PCBs, but decreased for PBDEs. During translocation from root to stem, translocation factors (TFs) and logKow were positively correlated. However, the accumulation mechanism in the leaf was concentration-dependent. In the high concentration exposure group, translocation play more important role in determination PHCs burden in leaf than atmospheric uptake, with logTF (from stem to leaf) being positively correlated with logKow. In contrast, in the low exposure and control groups, logTF (from stem to leaf) was negatively correlated with logKow. In addition, Syn-DP was selectively accumulated in plant tissues. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that e-waste contaminated soils affect rice growth, revealed the rule of the bioaccumulation and translocation of PHCs in rice plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Ling Mo
- Hainan Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Haikou 570100, China
| | - Jiang-Ping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Bi-Xian Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yong-Hong Peng
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; Huizhou University, Huizhou 516007, China.
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Xie X, Qian Y, Xue Y, He H, Wei D. Plant uptake and phytotoxicity of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) in ryegrass (Lolium perenne L). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2013; 15:1904-1912. [PMID: 23999790 DOI: 10.1039/c3em00252g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The plant uptake and phytotoxicity of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) in ryegrass (Lolium perenne L) seedlings were investigated. Results showed that ryegrass could take up BDE-209 from the contaminated soils and most of the BDE-209 in plants is located in roots, indicating that BDE-209 has low root-to-shoot translocation. Except for about 35% inhibition of root growth and about 30% decrease of the chlorophyll b and carotenoid contents of leaves, no visual toxicity symptoms were observed in seedlings grown even at a high concentration of 100 mg kg(-1). BDE-209 exposure significantly induced the generation of the superoxide radical (O2˙(-)) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in ryegrass leaves. With the increase of BDE-209 concentration, the activities of antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) were significantly changed, and the ratio of reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) was also significantly reduced. Results suggested that BDE-209 exposure could cause oxidative stress and damage, which may play an important role in the phytotoxicity of BDE-209 in ryegrass seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianchuan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Center for Hydrosciences Research, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, P. R. China.
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Ding GC, Heuer H, Smalla K. Dynamics of bacterial communities in two unpolluted soils after spiking with phenanthrene: soil type specific and common responders. Front Microbiol 2012; 3:290. [PMID: 22934091 PMCID: PMC3423926 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering their key role for ecosystem processes, it is important to understand the response of microbial communities in unpolluted soils to pollution with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). Phenanthrene, a model compound for PAH, was spiked to a Cambisol and a Luvisol soil. Total community DNA from phenanthrene-spiked and control soils collected on days 0, 21, and 63 were analyzed based on PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene fragments. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) fingerprints of bacterial communities increasingly deviated with time between spiked and control soils. In taxon specific DGGE, significant responses of Alphaproteobacteria and Actinobacteria became only detectable after 63 days, while significant effects on Betaproteobacteria were detectable in both soils after 21 days. Comparison of the taxonomic distribution of bacteria in spiked and control soils on day 63 as revealed by pyrosequencing indicated soil type specific negative effects of phenanthrene on several taxa, many of them belonging to the Gamma-, Beta-, or Deltaproteobacteria. Bacterial richness and evenness decreased in spiked soils. Despite the significant differences in the bacterial community structure between both soils on day 0, similar genera increased in relative abundance after PAH spiking, especially Sphingomonas and Polaromonas. However, this did not result in an increased overall similarity of the bacterial communities in both soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Chun Ding
- Julius Kühn-Institut, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants Braunschweig, Germany
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