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Antolín Puebla B, Vega Alegre M, Bolado Rodríguez S, García Encina PA. Microalgae: A Biological Tool for Removal and Recovery of Potentially Toxic Elements in Wastewater Treatment Photobioreactors. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 39190203 DOI: 10.1007/10_2024_262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Potentially toxic elements (PTE) pollution in water bodies is an emerging problem in recent decades due to uncontrolled discharges from human activities. Copper, zinc, arsenic, cadmium, lead, mercury, and uranium are considered potentially toxic and carcinogenic elements that threaten human health. Microalgae-based technologies for the wastewater treatment have gained importance in recent years due to their biomass high growth rates and effectiveness. Also, these microalgae-bacteria systems are cost-effective and environmentally friendly, utilize sunlight and CO2, and simultaneously address multiple environmental challenges, such as carbon mitigation, bioremediation, and generation of valuable biomass useful for biofuel production. Additionally, microalgae possess a diverse array of extracellular and intracellular mechanisms that enable them to remove and mitigate the toxicity of PTE present in wastewater. Therefore, photobioreactors are promising candidates for practical applications in bioremediation of wastewater containing toxic elements. Despite the increasing amount of research in this field in recent years, most studies are conducted in laboratory scale and there is a scarcity of large-scale studies under real and variable environmental conditions. Besides, the limited understanding of the multiple mechanisms controlling PTE biosorption in wastewater containing high organic matter loads and potentially toxic elements requires further studies. This chapter provides a schematic representation of the mechanisms and factors involved in the remediation of potentially toxic elements by microalgae, as well as the main results obtained in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Antolín Puebla
- Institute of Sustainable Processes, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Marisol Vega Alegre
- Institute of Sustainable Processes, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Silvia Bolado Rodríguez
- Institute of Sustainable Processes, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, School of Industrial Engineering, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Pedro A García Encina
- Institute of Sustainable Processes, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, School of Industrial Engineering, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
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Agrawal K, Ruhil T, Gupta VK, Verma P. Microbial assisted multifaceted amelioration processes of heavy-metal remediation: a clean perspective toward sustainable and greener future. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2024; 44:429-447. [PMID: 36851851 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2023.2170862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Rapidly increasing heavy metal waste has adversely affected the environment and the Earth's health. The lack of appropriate remediation technologies has worsened the issue globally, especially in developing countries. Heavy-metals contaminants have severely impacted the environment and led to devastating conditions owing to their abundance and reactivity. As they are nondegradable, the potential risk increases even at a low concentration. However, heavy-metal remediation has increased with the up-gradation of technologies and integration of new approaches. Also, of all the treatment methodologies, microbial-assisted multifaceted approach for ameliorating heavy metals is a promising strategy for propagating the idea of a green and sustainable environment with minimal waste aggregation. Microbial remediation combined with different biotechniques could aid in unraveling new methods for eradicating heavy metals. Thus, the present review focuses on various microbial remediation approaches and their affecting factors, enabling recapitulation of the interplay between heavy-metals ions and microorganisms. Additionally, heavy-metals remediation mechanisms adapted by microorganisms, the role of genetically modified (GM) microorganisms, life cycle assessment (LCA), techno-economic assessment (TEA) limitations, and prospects of microbial-assisted amelioration of heavy-metals have been elaborated in the current review with focus toward "sustainable and greener future."
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Agrawal
- Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
- Department of Microbiology, School of Bio Engineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | - Tannu Ruhil
- Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Vijai Kumar Gupta
- Center for Safe and Improved Food, SRUC, Edinburgh, UK
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, SRUC, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Pradeep Verma
- Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
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Sanjana S, Jazeel K, Janeeshma E, Nair SG, Shackira AM. Synergistic interactions of assorted ameliorating agents to enhance the potential of heavy metal phytoremediation. STRESS BIOLOGY 2024; 4:13. [PMID: 38363436 PMCID: PMC10873264 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-024-00153-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Pollution by toxic heavy metals creates a significant impact on the biotic community of the ecosystem. Nowadays, a solution to this problem is an eco-friendly approach like phytoremediation, in which plants are used to ameliorate heavy metals. In addition, various amendments are used to enhance the potential of heavy metal phytoremediation. Symbiotic microorganisms such as phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB), endophytes, mycorrhiza and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) play a significant role in the improvement of heavy metal phytoremediation potential along with promoting the growth of plants that are grown in contaminated environments. Various chemical chelators (Indole 3-acetic acid, ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid, ethylene glycol tetra acetic acid, ethylenediamine-N, N-disuccinic acid and nitrilotri-acetic acid) and their combined action with other agents also contribute to heavy metal phytoremediation enhancement. With modern techniques, transgenic plants and microorganisms are developed to open up an alternative strategy for phytoremediation. Genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics are widely used novel approaches to develop competent phytoremediators. This review accounts for the synergistic interactions of the ameliorating agent's role in enhancing heavy metal phytoremediation, intending to highlight the importance of these various approaches in reducing heavy metal pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sanjana
- Department of Botany, Sir Syed College, Kannur University, Kerala, 670142, India
| | - K Jazeel
- Department of Botany, Sir Syed College, Kannur University, Kerala, 670142, India
| | - E Janeeshma
- Department of Botany, MES KEVEEYAM College, Valanchery, Malappuram, Kerala, India
| | - Sarath G Nair
- Department of Botany, Mar Athanasius College, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, India
| | - A M Shackira
- Department of Botany, Sir Syed College, Kannur University, Kerala, 670142, India.
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Hazaimeh M. Phycoremediation of heavy metals and production of biofuel from generated algal biomass: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:109955-109972. [PMID: 37801245 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30190-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Due to human activity and natural processes, heavy metal contamination frequently affects the earth's water resources. The pollution can be categorized as resistant and persistent since it poses a significant risk to terrestrial and marine biological systems and human health. Because of this, several appeals and demands have been made worldwide to try and clean up these contaminants. Through bioremediation, algal cells are frequently employed to adsorb and eliminate heavy metals from the environment. Bioremediation is seen as a desirable strategy with few adverse effects and low cost. Activities and procedures for bioremediation involving algal cells depend on various environmental factors, including salinity, pH, temperature, the concentration of heavy metals, the amount of alga biomass, and food availability. Additionally, the effectiveness of removing heavy metals from the environment by assessing how environmental circumstances affect algal activities. The main issues discussed are (1) heavy metal pollution of water bodies, the role of algal cells in heavy metal removal, the methods by which algae cells take up and store heavy metals, and the process of turning the algae biomass produced into biofuel. (2) To overcome the environmental factors and improve heavy metals bioremediation, many strategies are applied, such as immobilizing the cells, consortium culture, and using dry mass rather than living cells. (3) The processes for converting produced algal biomass into biofuels like biodiesel and biomethanol. The present study discusses the life cycle assessment and the limitations of biofuel products from algae biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hazaimeh
- Department of Biology, College of Science in Zulfi, Majmaah University, Majmaah, ah-11952, Saudi Arabia.
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Chakravorty M, Nanda M, Bisht B, Sharma R, Kumar S, Mishra A, Vlaskin MS, Chauhan PK, Kumar V. Heavy metal tolerance in microalgae: Detoxification mechanisms and applications. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 260:106555. [PMID: 37196506 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The proficiency of microalgae to resist heavy metals has potential to be beneficial in resolving various environmental challenges. Global situations such as the need for cost-effective and ecological ways of remediation of contaminated water and for the development of bioenergy sources could employ microalgae. In a medium with the presence of heavy metals, microalgae utilize different mechanisms to uptake the metal and further detoxify it. Biosorption and the next process of bioaccumulation are two such major steps and they also include the assistance of different transporters at different stages of heavy metal tolerance. This capability has also proved to be efficient in eradicating many heavy metals like Chromium, Copper, Lead, Arsenic, Mercury, Nickel and Cadmium from the environment they are present in. This indicates the possibility of the application of microalgae as a biological way of remediating contaminated water. Heavy metal resistance quality also allows various microalgal species to contribute in the generation of biofuels like biodiesel and biohydrogen. Many research works have also explored the capacity of microalgae in nanotechnology for the formation of nanoparticles due to its relevant characteristics. Various studies have also revealed that biochar deduced from microalgae or a combination of biochar and microalgae can have wide applications specially in deprivation of heavy metals from an environment. This review focuses on the strategies adopted by microalgae, various transporters involved in the process of tolerating heavy metals and the applications where microalgae can participate owing to its ability to resist metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manami Chakravorty
- Department of Biotechnology, Dolphin (PG) Institute of Biomedical & Natural Sciences, Dehradun-248007, India
| | - Manisha Nanda
- Department of Biotechnology, Dolphin (PG) Institute of Biomedical & Natural Sciences, Dehradun-248007, India
| | - Bhawna Bisht
- Algal Research and Bioenergy Lab, Department of Food Science and Technology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248002, India
| | - Rohit Sharma
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Algal Research and Bioenergy Lab, Department of Food Science and Technology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248002, India
| | - Abhilasha Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248002, India
| | - Mikhail S Vlaskin
- Joint Institute for High Temperatures of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 13/2 Izhorskaya St, Moscow 125412, Russian Federation
| | - P K Chauhan
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan 173229, HP, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Algal Research and Bioenergy Lab, Department of Food Science and Technology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248002, India; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow 117198, Russian Federation.
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Aravind MK, Vignesh NS, Gayathri S, Anjitha N, Athira KM, Gunaseelan S, Arunkumar M, Sanjaykumar A, Karthikumar S, Ganesh Moorthy IM, Ashokkumar B, Pugazhendhi A, Varalakshmi P. Review on rewiring of microalgal strategies for the heavy metal remediation - A metal specific logistics and tactics. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 313:137310. [PMID: 36460155 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Phycoremediation of heavy metals are gaining much attention and becoming an emerging practice for the metal removal in diverse environmental matrices. Still, the physicochemical state of metal polluted sites is often found to be complex and haphazard in nature due to the irregular discharge of wastes, that leads to the lack of conjecture on the application of microalgae for the metal bioremediation. Besides, the foresaid issues might be eventually ended up with futile effect to the polluted site. Therefore, this review is mainly focusing on interpretative assessment on pre-existing microalgal strategies and their merits and demerits for selected metal removal by microalgae through various process such as natural attenuation, nutritional amendment, chemical pretreatment, metal specific modification, immobilization and amalgamation, customization of genetic elements and integrative remediation approaches. Thus, this review provides the ideal knowledge for choosing an efficient metal remediation tactics based on the state of polluted environment. Also, this in-depth description would provide the speculative knowledge of counteractive action required for pass-over the barriers and obstacles during implementation. In addition, the most common metal removal mechanism of microalgae by adsorption was comparatively investigated with different metals through the principal component analysis by grouping various factor such as pH, temperature, initial metal concentration, adsorption capacity, removal efficiency, contact time in different microalgae. Conclusively, the suitable strategies for different heavy metals removal and addressing the complications along with their solution is comprehensively deliberated for metal removal mechanism in microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manikka Kubendran Aravind
- Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, 625021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nagamalai Sakthi Vignesh
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, 625021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Santhalingam Gayathri
- Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, 625021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nair Anjitha
- Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, 625021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kottilinkal Manniath Athira
- Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, 625021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sathaiah Gunaseelan
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, 625021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Malaisamy Arunkumar
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, 625021, Tamil Nadu, India; International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Transcription Regulation Group, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Ashokkumar Sanjaykumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, 638401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sankar Karthikumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology, Virudhunagar, 626001, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Balasubramaniem Ashokkumar
- Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, 625021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Perumal Varalakshmi
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, 625021, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Pradhan B, Bhuyan PP, Nayak R, Patra S, Behera C, Ki JS, Ragusa A, Lukatkin AS, Jena M. Microalgal Phycoremediation: A Glimpse into a Sustainable Environment. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10090525. [PMID: 36136490 PMCID: PMC9502476 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10090525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae are continually exposed to heavy metals and metalloids (HMMs), which stifles their development and reproduction due to the resulting physiological and metabolic abnormalities, leading to lower crop productivity. They must thus change their way of adapting to survive in such a hostile environment without sacrificing their healthy growth, development, reproductive capacity, or survival. The mode of adaptation involves a complex relationship of signalling cascades that govern gene expression at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, which consequently produces altered but adapted biochemical and physiochemical parameters. Algae have been reported to have altered their physicochemical and molecular perspectives as a result of exposure to a variety of HMMs. Hence, in this review, we focused on how microalgae alter their physicochemical and molecular characteristics as a tolerance mechanism in response to HMM-induced stress. Furthermore, physiological and biotechnological methods can be used to enhance extracellular absorption and clean up. The introduction of foreign DNA into microalgae cells and the genetic alteration of genes can boost the bio-accumulation and remediation capabilities of microalgae. In this regard, microalgae represent an excellent model organism and could be used for HMM removal in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajita Pradhan
- Algal Biotechnology and Molecular Systematic Laboratory, Post Graduate Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur 760007, Odisha, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Korea
| | - Prajna Paramita Bhuyan
- Department of Botany, Maharaja Sriram Chandra Bhanja Deo University, Baripada 757003, Odisha, India
| | - Rabindra Nayak
- Algal Biotechnology and Molecular Systematic Laboratory, Post Graduate Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur 760007, Odisha, India
| | - Srimanta Patra
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela 769001, Odisha, India
| | - Chhandashree Behera
- Algal Biotechnology and Molecular Systematic Laboratory, Post Graduate Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur 760007, Odisha, India
| | - Jang-Seu Ki
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Korea
| | - Andrea Ragusa
- CNR-Nanotec, Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Campus Ecotekne, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Alexander S. Lukatkin
- Department of General Biology and Ecology, N.P. Ogarev Mordovia State University, Bolshevistskaja Str., 430005 Saransk, Russia
| | - Mrutyunjay Jena
- Algal Biotechnology and Molecular Systematic Laboratory, Post Graduate Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur 760007, Odisha, India
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Lalinská-Voleková B, Majerová H, Kautmanová I, Brachtýr O, Szabóová D, Arendt D, Brčeková J, Šottník P. Hydrous ferric oxides (HFO's) precipitated from contaminated waters at several abandoned Sb deposits - Interdisciplinary assessment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 821:153248. [PMID: 35051450 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The presented paper represents a comprehensive analysis of ochre sediments precipitated from Fe rich drainage waters contaminated by arsenic and antimony. Ochre samples from three abandoned Sb deposits were collected in three different seasons and were characterized from the mineralogical, geochemical, and microbiological point of view. They were formed mainly by poorly crystallized 2-line ferrihydrite, with the content of arsenic in samples ranging from 7 g·kg-1 to 130 g·kg-1 and content of antimony ranging from 0.25 g·kg-1 up to 12 g·kg-1. Next-generation sequencing approach with 16S RNA, 18S RNA and ITS markers was used to characterize bacterial, fungal, algal, metazoal and protozoal communities occurring in the HFOs. In the 16S RNA, the analysis dominated bacteria (96.2%) were mainly Proteobacteria (68.8%) and Bacteroidetes (10.2%) and to less extent also Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Firmicutes, Nitrosprae and Chloroflexi. Alpha and beta diversity analysis revealed that the bacterial communities of individual sites do not differ significantly, and only subtle seasonal changes were observed. In this As and Sb rich, circumneutral microenvironment, rich in iron, sulfates and carbonates, methylotrophic bacteria (Methylobacter, Methylotenera), metal/reducing bacteria (Geobacter, Rhodoferax), metal-oxidizing and denitrifying bacteria (Gallionella, Azospira, Sphingopyxis, Leptothrix and Dechloromonas), sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (Sulfuricurvum, Desulphobulbaceae) and nitrifying bacteria (Nitrospira, Nitrosospira) accounted for the most dominant ecological groups and their impact over Fe, As, Sb, sulfur and nitrogen geocycles is discussed. This study provides evidence of diverse microbial communities that exist in drainage waters and are highly important in the process of mobilization or immobilization of the potentially toxic elements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hana Majerová
- Hana Majerová, Cancer Research Institute, Department of Tumor Immunology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ivona Kautmanová
- SNM-Natural History Museum, Vajanského náb. 2, P.O. BOX 13, 810 06 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ondrej Brachtýr
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Mineralogy, Petrology and Economic Geology, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Dana Szabóová
- SNM-Natural History Museum, Vajanského náb. 2, P.O. BOX 13, 810 06 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Darina Arendt
- SNM-Natural History Museum, Vajanského náb. 2, P.O. BOX 13, 810 06 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jana Brčeková
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Mineralogy, Petrology and Economic Geology, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Šottník
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Mineralogy, Petrology and Economic Geology, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Ranjbar S, Malcata FX. Is Genetic Engineering a Route to Enhance Microalgae-Mediated Bioremediation of Heavy Metal-Containing Effluents? Molecules 2022; 27:1473. [PMID: 35268582 PMCID: PMC8911655 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Contamination of the biosphere by heavy metals has been rising, due to accelerated anthropogenic activities, and is nowadays, a matter of serious global concern. Removal of such inorganic pollutants from aquatic environments via biological processes has earned great popularity, for its cost-effectiveness and high efficiency, compared to conventional physicochemical methods. Among candidate organisms, microalgae offer several competitive advantages; phycoremediation has even been claimed as the next generation of wastewater treatment technologies. Furthermore, integration of microalgae-mediated wastewater treatment and bioenergy production adds favorably to the economic feasibility of the former process-with energy security coming along with environmental sustainability. However, poor biomass productivity under abiotic stress conditions has hindered the large-scale deployment of microalgae. Recent advances encompassing molecular tools for genome editing, together with the advent of multiomics technologies and computational approaches, have permitted the design of tailor-made microalgal cell factories, which encompass multiple beneficial traits, while circumventing those associated with the bioaccumulation of unfavorable chemicals. Previous studies unfolded several routes through which genetic engineering-mediated improvements appear feasible (encompassing sequestration/uptake capacity and specificity for heavy metals); they can be categorized as metal transportation, chelation, or biotransformation, with regulation of metal- and oxidative stress response, as well as cell surface engineering playing a crucial role therein. This review covers the state-of-the-art metal stress mitigation mechanisms prevalent in microalgae, and discusses putative and tested metabolic engineering approaches, aimed at further improvement of those biological processes. Finally, current research gaps and future prospects arising from use of transgenic microalgae for heavy metal phycoremediation are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Ranjbar
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal;
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisco Xavier Malcata
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal;
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
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Yan C, Qu Z, Wang J, Cao L, Han Q. Microalgal bioremediation of heavy metal pollution in water: Recent advances, challenges, and prospects. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131870. [PMID: 34403898 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid economy development and population surge, the water resources available for direct use on the earth have been in shortage. Therefore, water pollution remediation inevitably becomes the focus of global attention. Aside from their capacity to fix and effectively control the emission of carbon dioxide thus achieve negative carbon emission, microalgae and its products modified by genetic engineering and other technologies also have a broad prospect in sewage treatment such as efficiently removing all kinds of pollutants in water and producing high-quality biofuels after use. Therefore, research on these organisms has gradually deepened in recent years. This paper summarizes the bioremediation mechanism of heavy metal ions in water by using microalgae and their modified products. The relevant research progresses since 2015 are critically reviewed and discussed. Challenges and prospects are also put forward for their industrial implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chicheng Yan
- Miami College, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Zhengzhe Qu
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 211106, China
| | - Jieni Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Leichang Cao
- Miami College, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
| | - Qiuxia Han
- Miami College, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
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11
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Chen F, Luo Y, Li C, Wang J, Chen L, Zhong X, Zhang B, Zhu Q, Zou R, Guo X, Zhou Y, Guo L. Sub-chronic low-dose arsenic in rice exposure induces gut microbiome perturbations in mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 227:112934. [PMID: 34755630 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Long-term consumption of arsenic-contaminated rice has become a public health issue that urgently needs to be addressed. In this study, mice were exposed to arsenic in rice (low dose, 0.91 mg/kg; medium dose, 9.1 mg/kg) for 30 days and 60 days, respectively, and the effects on pathological structures of spleen and skin, as well as the structure of the fecal microbiome were examined. The findings revealed dose/time cumulative effects on pathological changes, with even a low dose exposure for 30 days causing destruction of splenic follicular structure and thickening of dermal keratinized and epidermal layers. The Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio in the community and the positive/negative ratio in network links were higher in arsenic groups, suggesting that arsenic resulted in a less healthy and unstable microbiome for the host. Thus lifetime consumption of arsenic in rice may have potential health effects on humans and must be carefully assessed to safeguard human health. Furthermore, in arsenic groups, arsenic-resistant bacteria or arsenic hazards remediation bacteria changed to be the dominant bacteria and acted as the core bacteria in the network modules. Some microbial arsenic transforming genes (arsC, arsR, arsA, ACR3, and aoxB) differed, indicating that the gut microbiome changed to withstand arsenic stress. Furthermore, Faecalibaculum, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Angelakisella, Ruminiclostridium, and Desulfovibrionaceae are positively associated with arsenic dosage and may be useful in the early detection of arsenicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fubin Chen
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 523808, China.
| | - Yu Luo
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 523808, China.
| | - Chengji Li
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 523808, China.
| | - Jiating Wang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 523808, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China..
| | - Linkang Chen
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 523808, China.
| | - Xiaoting Zhong
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 523808, China.
| | - Bin Zhang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 523808, China.
| | - Qijiong Zhu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 523808, China.
| | - Rong Zou
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 523808, China.
| | - Xuming Guo
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 523808, China.
| | - Yubin Zhou
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 523808, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Drugs, and School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, PR China.
| | - Lianxian Guo
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 523808, China.
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12
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Danouche M, El Ghachtouli N, El Arroussi H. Phycoremediation mechanisms of heavy metals using living green microalgae: physicochemical and molecular approaches for enhancing selectivity and removal capacity. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07609. [PMID: 34355100 PMCID: PMC8322293 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Heavy metal (HM) contamination of water bodies is a serious global environmental problem. Because they are not biodegradable, they can accumulate in food chains, causing various signs of toxicity to exposed organisms, including humans. Due to its effectiveness, low cost, and ecological aspect, phycoremediation, or the use of microalgae's ecological functions in the treatment of HMs contaminated wastewater, is one of the most recommended processes. This study aims to examine in depth the mechanisms involved in the phycoremediation of HMs by microalgae, it also provides an overview of the prospects for improving the productivity, selectivity, and cost-effectiveness of this bioprocess through physicochemical and genetic engineering applications. Firstly, this review proposes a detailed examination of the biosorption interactions between cell wall functional groups and HMs, and their complexation with extracellular polymeric substances released by microalgae in the extracellular environment under stress conditions. Subsequently, the metal transporters involved in the intracellular bioaccumulation of HMs as well as the main intracellular mechanisms including compartmentalization in cell organelles, enzymatic biotransformation, or photoreduction of HMs were also extensively reviewed. In the last section, future perspectives of physicochemical and genetic approaches that could be used to improve the phytoremediation process in terms of removal efficiency, selectivity for a targeted metal, or reduction of treatment time and cost are discussed, which paves the way for large-scale application of phytoremediation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Danouche
- Green Biotechnology Center, Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation and Research (MAScIR), Rabat, Morocco
- Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules Laboratory, Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Naïma El Ghachtouli
- Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules Laboratory, Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Hicham El Arroussi
- Green Biotechnology Center, Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation and Research (MAScIR), Rabat, Morocco
- AgroBioScience (AgBS), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Benguerir, Morocco
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13
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Piña-Olavide R, Paz-Maldonado LMT, Alfaro-De La Torre MC, García-Soto MJ, Ramírez-Rodríguez AE, Rosales-Mendoza S, Bañuelos-Hernández B, García De la-Cruz RF. Increased removal of cadmium by Chlamydomonas reinhardtii modified with a synthetic gene for γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2020; 22:1269-1277. [PMID: 32449363 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2020.1765138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Bioremediation with genetically modified microalgae is becoming an alternative to remove metalloids and metals such as cadmium, a contaminant produced in industrial processes and found in domestic waste. Its removal is important in several countries including Mexico, where the San Luis Potosi region has elevated levels of it. We generated a construct with a synthetic gene for γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase and employed it in the chloroplast transformation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. In dose-response kinetics with media containing from 1 to 20 mg/L of cadmium, both the transplastomic clone and the wild-type strain grew similarly, but the former removed up to 32% more cadmium. While the growth of both decreased with higher concentrations of cadmium, the transplastomic clone removed 20 ± 9% more than the wild-type strain. Compared to the wild-type strain, in the transplastomic clone the activity of glutathione S-transferase and the intracellular glutathione increased up to 2.1 and 1.9 times, respectively, in media with 2.5 and 10 mg/mL of cadmium. While 20 mg/L of cadmium inhibited the growth of both, the transplastomic clone gradually duplicated. These results confirm the expression of the synthetic gene gshA in the transformed strain as revealed in its increased removal uptake and metabolic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Piña-Olavide
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Luz M T Paz-Maldonado
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | | | - Mariano J García-Soto
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | | | - Sergio Rosales-Mendoza
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
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14
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Yu Z, Zhang T, Zhu Y. Whole-genome re-sequencing and transcriptome reveal cadmium tolerance related genes and pathways in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 191:110231. [PMID: 31981954 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), a common environmental toxic contaminant, is easily accumulated in living organisms, leading to numerous harmful effects. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a unicellular eukaryotic green algae strain, is a very suitable candidate for bioremediation of Cd-contaminated water. However, for the poor resistance to Cd, application of C. reinhardtii was restricted and genes mediating Cd tolerance in C. reinhardtii remain unclear. In this paper, adaptive laboratory evolution was performed with algae constant exposure to Cd over 420-day at environmentally relevant concentrations to select C. reinhardtii strains with high tolerance to Cd. Physiological indicators, such as cell proliferation, photosynthetic pigment contents and photosynthetic activity of photosystem were detected to evaluate the Cd tolerance of selected algae strain ALE0.5. Then, whole-genome re-sequencing and transcriptome were applied to identify the genes related to Cd tolerance. Genes involved in photosynthesis (PSBP1), glutathione metabolism (CHLREDRAFT_167073, GPX5) and calcium transport (CHLREDRAFT_189266, CHLREDRAFT_191203, CHLREDRAFT_187187, CSE1) were related to Cd tolerance in C. reinhardtii. This study provides a basis for obtaining transgenic C. reinhardtii strains with high Cd tolerance used for bioremediation of Cd pollution in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Teng Zhang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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15
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Huang T, Liu L, Zhang S. Electrokinetic removals of arsenate and arsenite from the aqueous environment by a fluidized bed of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle-coated pyrite microelectrodes. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2019.1708113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Huang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Ceramic Materials, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, China
| | - Longfei Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, China
| | - Shuwen Zhang
- Nuclear Resources Engineering College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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