Decolorization of water through removal of methylene blue and malachite green on biodegradable magnetic Bauhinia variagata fruits

A comparative study on the malachite green dye adsorption of chemically synthesized and green MgFe2O4 nanoparticles using gerbera floral waste extract

The situation of discharging a large amount of dyes from the textile industries has caused many adverse effects on human health and the ecosystems. Emerging bio-nanomaterials represent a new trend in efficient dye removal in aqueous media. Herein, we mention that MgFe2O4 bioprepared using gerbera extract has been successfully used to adsorb malachite green (MG) in water. A comparison was made to determine the dye removal efficiency between biogenic MgFe2O4 (MFOB) and chemical MgFe2O4 (MFOC). The spherical MFOB material exhibited a large surface area of 85.0 m2 g-1 and high crystallinity. The obtained outcomes showed that the highest adsorption capacity of MG dye was 584.49 mg g-1 at a MFOB dose of 0.05 g L-1 and MG concentration of 10 mg L-1. Higher correlation coefficients in the Langmuir isotherm suggested monolayer adsorption of MG. The Box-Behnken design and response surface method were established to optimize MG removal percentage under the conditions, i.e., initial MG concentration (10-30 mg L-1), adsorbent dose (0.02-0.08 g L-1), and pH of dye solution (6-8). MFOB had good reusability with high removal efficiencies after three continuous cycles. Post reuse, this adsorbent still showed excellent stability through the verification of their structural properties in comparison with fresh MFOB, showing potential for practical applications.

The potential of lignocellulosic biomass for magnetic solid phase extraction of naproxen from saliva samples

This paper presents a study on the application of magnetic biochars derived from three distinct biomass sources: almond (AMBC), walnut (WMBC), and peanut (PMBC) shells for magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) of naproxen, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, from human saliva prior to LC-MS analysis. The three magnetic biochars were synthesized and characterized through IR, XRD, SEM, and EDX analyses. This work explored the factors influencing extraction efficiency using these three bioadsorbents through experimental design. The results obtained revealed that magnetic biochar derived from almond shells demonstrated outstanding performance in terms of naproxen extraction, achieving an impressive yield of 100.2%. This remarkable efficiency was achieved by optimizing parameters, including a 12-minute extraction time, a 3.5 mL elution volume, a 10 mg adsorbent mass, and a 4-minute elution time. Consequently, this study established almond shell as a low-cost, environmentally friendly, and efficient magnetic biochar for extracting naproxen from human saliva. This superior performance was made possible due to the abundant lignocellulosic potential inherent in almond shell structures, surpassing that of the other two biochars. The combination of magnetic extraction with LC-MS demonstrates good linearity, with an R2 value equal to 0.9987. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) are 0.013 and 0.047 μg L-1, respectively.

Malachite green (cationic dye) removal with modified Pinus brutia biochar

Dyes are frequently used in industries such as textile, leather, paper and printing, to water sources causes harmful effects on the environment and human health. Therefore, it is crucial to effectively remove colored contaminants from water in order to protect the environment and public health, maintain biodiversity and preserve the esthetic aspects of water resources. In this study, wood chips obtained from Pinus brutia (PB) tree grown in many parts of the world were turned into biochar and then modified and used for the removal of malachite green, a cationic dye. For this purpose, biochar (PBB) was made by collecting PB wood and turning it into chips (PB). Later, PBB was modified to gain nano-magnetic properties. The structure of the obtained PBB and nM-PBB adsorbents was characterized by FT-IR. pH (2-9), temperature (25 °C-55 °C), time change (15 min-240 min), adsorbent amount change (0.05 g-0.45g) and MG concentration (25 mg/L-250 mg/L) were investigated in MG removal of PBB and nM-PBB. The process was found to be pseudo-second-order and spontaneous endothermic reaction. PBB and nM-PBB were found to be suitable for Langmuir isotherm in MG removal (qmax=13.004 mg/g for PBB, qmax=18.215 mg/g for nM-PBB).