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Kumari B, Chauhan S, Chauhan GS, Kumar K, Jamwal P, Ranote S. A two-in-one thiosemicarbazide and whole pine needle-based adsorbent for rapid and efficient adsorption of methylene blue dye and mercuric ions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:21591-21609. [PMID: 38396177 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32446-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis of an oxidized pine needle-thiosemicarbazone Schiff base (OPN-TSC) from whole pine needles (WPN) as a dual-purpose adsorbent to remove a cationic dye, methylene blue (MB), and Hg2+ ions in separate processes. The adsorbent was synthesized by periodate oxidation of WPN followed by a reaction with thiosemicarbazide. The syntheses of OPN and OPN-TSC were confirmed by FTIR, XRD, FESEM, EDS, BET, and surface charge analysis. The emergence of new peaks at 1729 cm-1 (-CHO stretching) and 1639 cm-1 (-COO- stretching) in the FTIR spectrum of OPN confirmed the oxidation of WPN to OPN. FTIR spectrum of OPN-TSC has a peak at 1604 cm-1 (C = N stretching), confirming the functionalization of OPN to OPN-TSC. XRD studies revealed an increase in the crystallinity of OPN and a decrease in the crystallinity of OPN-TSC because of the attachment of thiosemicarbazide to OPN. The values of %removal for MB and Hg2+ ions by OPN-TSC were found to be 87.36% and 98.2% with maximum adsorption capacity of 279.3 mg/g and 196 mg/g for MB and Hg2+ ions, respectively. The adsorption of MB followed pseudo-second-order kinetics with correlation coefficient (R2 of 0.99383) and Freundlich isotherm (R2 = 0.97239), whereas Hg2+ ion removal demonstrated the Elovich (R2 = 0.97076) and Langmuir isotherm (R2 = 0.95110). OPN-TSC is regenerable with significant recyclability up to 10 cycles for both the adsorbates. The studies established OPN-TSC as a low-cost, sustainable, biodegradable, environmentally benign, and promising adsorbent for the removal of hazardous cationic dyes and toxic metal ions from wastewater and industrial effluents, especially the textile effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babita Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, Himachal Pradesh University, Summerhill, Shimla, Himachal-Pradesh, India, 171005
| | - Sandeep Chauhan
- Department of Chemistry, Himachal Pradesh University, Summerhill, Shimla, Himachal-Pradesh, India, 171005.
| | - Ghanshyam S Chauhan
- Department of Chemistry, Himachal Pradesh University, Summerhill, Shimla, Himachal-Pradesh, India, 171005
| | - Kiran Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Himachal Pradesh University, Summerhill, Shimla, Himachal-Pradesh, India, 171005
| | - Pooja Jamwal
- Department of Chemistry, Himachal Pradesh University, Summerhill, Shimla, Himachal-Pradesh, India, 171005
| | - Sunita Ranote
- Department of Chemistry, Himachal Pradesh University, Summerhill, Shimla, Himachal-Pradesh, India, 171005
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34. M. Curie-Skłodowska St, 41-819, Zabrze, Poland
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