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Hulpia F, Bouton J, Campagnaro GD, Alfayez IA, Mabille D, Maes L, de Koning HP, Caljon G, Van Calenbergh S. C6-O-alkylated 7-deazainosine nucleoside analogues: Discovery of potent and selective anti-sleeping sickness agents. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 188:112018. [PMID: 31931339 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.112018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
African trypanosomiasis, a deadly infectious disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma brucei spp., is spread to new hosts by bites of infected tsetse flies. Currently approved therapies all have their specific drawbacks, prompting a search for novel therapeutic agents. T. brucei lacks the enzymes necessary to forge the purine ring from amino acid precursors, rendering them dependent on the uptake and interconversion of host purines. This dependency renders analogues of purines and corresponding nucleosides an interesting source of potential anti-T. brucei agents. In this study, we synthesized and evaluated a series of 7-substituted 7-deazainosine derivatives and found that 6-O-alkylated analogues in particular showed highly promising in vitro activity with EC50 values in the mid-nanomolar range. SAR investigation of the O-alkyl chain showed that antitrypanosomal activity increased, and also cytotoxicity, with alkyl chain length, at least in the linear alkyl chain series. However, this could be attenuated by introducing a terminal branch point, resulting in the highly potent and selective analogues, 36, 37 and 38. No resistance related to transporter-mediated uptake could be identified, earmarking several of these analogues for further in vivo follow-up studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Hulpia
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry (Campus Heymans), Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, B-9000, Gent, Belgium
| | - Jakob Bouton
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry (Campus Heymans), Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, B-9000, Gent, Belgium
| | - Gustavo D Campagnaro
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, United Kingdom
| | - Ibrahim A Alfayez
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, United Kingdom
| | - Dorien Mabille
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1 (S7), B-2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Louis Maes
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1 (S7), B-2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Harry P de Koning
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, United Kingdom
| | - Guy Caljon
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1 (S7), B-2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Serge Van Calenbergh
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry (Campus Heymans), Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, B-9000, Gent, Belgium.
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Ding H, Ruan Z, Kou P, Dong X, Bai J, Xiao Q. Total Synthesis of Mycalisine B. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E226. [PMID: 31013980 PMCID: PMC6520845 DOI: 10.3390/md17040226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The first total synthesis of the marine nucleoside Mycalisine B-a naturally occurring and structurally distinct 4,5-unsaturated 7-deazapurine nucleoside-has been accomplished in 10 linear steps with 27.5% overall yield from commercially available 1,2,3,5-tetra-O-acetyl-ribose and tetracyanoethylene. Key steps of the approach include: (1) I2 catalyzed acetonide formation from 1,2,3,5-tetra-O-acetylribose and acetone at large scale; (2) Vorbrüggen glycosylation using N4-benzoyl-5-cyano-6-bromo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine as a nucleobase to avoid formation of N-3 isomer; (3) mild and scalable reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixin Ding
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China.
| | - Zhizhong Ruan
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China.
| | - Peihao Kou
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China.
| | - Xiangyou Dong
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China.
| | - Jiang Bai
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China.
| | - Qiang Xiao
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China.
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Ingale SA, Leonard P, Seela F. Glycosylation of Pyrrolo[2,3- d]pyrimidines with 1- O-Acetyl-2,3,5-tri- O-benzoyl-β-d-ribofuranose: Substituents and Protecting Groups Effecting the Synthesis of 7-Deazapurine Ribonucleosides. J Org Chem 2018; 83:8589-8595. [PMID: 29911384 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Glycosylation of nonfunctionalized 6-chloro-7-deazapurine with commercially available 1- O-acetyl-2,3,5-tri- O-benzoyl-β-d-ribofuranose (45%) followed by amination and deprotection gave tubercidin in only two steps. Similar conditions applied for the synthesis of 7-deazaguanosine employing pivaloylated 2-amino-6-chloro-7-deazapurine gave 18% glycosylation yield. The less bulky isobutyryl or acetyl protected amino group directed the glycosylation toward the exocyclic amino substituent. 7-Halogenated intermediates were glycosylated followed by dehalogenation to overcome the low glycosylation yield in the synthesis of 7-deazaguanosine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin A Ingale
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Center for Nanotechnology , Heisenbergstrasse 11 , 48149 Münster , Germany.,Laboratorium für Organische und Bioorganische Chemie , Institut für Chemie, Universität Osnabrück , Barbarastrasse 7 , 49069 Osnabrück , Germany
| | - Peter Leonard
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Center for Nanotechnology , Heisenbergstrasse 11 , 48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Frank Seela
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Center for Nanotechnology , Heisenbergstrasse 11 , 48149 Münster , Germany.,Laboratorium für Organische und Bioorganische Chemie , Institut für Chemie, Universität Osnabrück , Barbarastrasse 7 , 49069 Osnabrück , Germany
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Leonard P, Ingale SA, Ding P, Ming X, Seela F. Studies on the glycosylation of pyrrolo[2,3-d] pyrimidines with 1-O-acetyl-2,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-beta-D-ribofuranose: the formation of regioisomers during toyocamycin and 7-deazainosine syntheses. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2010; 28:678-94. [PMID: 20183609 DOI: 10.1080/15257770903091953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Glycosylation of silylated 4-amino-6-bromo-5-cyano-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (9) with 1-O-acetyl-2,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-beta-D-ribofuranose (10) under "one-pot" glycosylation conditions (MeCN, TMSOTf) yielded the N-7 isomer 11 together with the N-1 compound 13 (ratio = 2:1). When the same conditions were applied to 4-hydroxy-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (21) the N-3 isomer 22 was the only glycosylation product formed in almost quantitative yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Leonard
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Nanotechnology, Munster, Germany
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