Rapid detection of the hOGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism using LightCycler technology

Influence of the OGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism on oxidatively damaged DNA and repair activity

Oxidatively damaged DNA base lesions are considered to be mainly repaired by 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1) mediated pathways. We investigated the effect of the OGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism on the level and repair of oxidatively damaged DNA in mononuclear blood cells (MNBC) by means of the comet assay. We collected blood samples from 1,019 healthy subjects and genotyped for the OGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism. We found 49 subjects homozygous for the variant genotype (Cys/Cys) and selected same numbers of age-matched subjects with the heterozygous (Ser/Cys) and homozygous wild-type genotype (Ser/Ser). Carriers of the Cys/Cys genotype had higher levels of formamidopyrimidine DNA glycosylase (FPG) sensitive sites in MNBC (0.31 ± 0.03 lesions/10(6)bp) compared to Ser/Ser (0.19 ± 0.02 lesions/10(6)bp, P<0.01). The level of hOGG1 sensitive sites in MNBC from the Ser326Cys carriers (0.19 ± 0.16 lesions/10(6) bp) was also higher compared to the Ser/Ser genotype (0.11 ± 0.09 lesions/10(6) bp, P<0.05). Still, there was no genotype-related difference in DNA repair incision activity of MNBC extracts on nucleoids with oxidatively damaged DNA induced by Ro19-8022/white light (P=0.20). In addition, there were no differences in the expression of OGG1 (P=0.69), ERCC1 (P=0.62), MUTYH (P=0.85), NEIL1 (P=0.17) or NUDT1 (P=0.48) in whole blood. Our results indicate that the OGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism has limited influence on the DNA repair incisions by extracts of MNBC, whereas the apparent increased risk of cancer in subjects with the Cys/Cys genotype may be because of higher levels of oxidatively damaged DNA.

Modulation of oxidative DNA damage by repair enzymes XRCC1 and hOGG1

The influence of DNA repair gene polymorphisms (XRCC1: Arg194Trp, Arg280His, Arg399Gln; APE1: Asp148Glu; hOGG1: Ser326Cys) on oxidative DNA damage is controversial and was investigated in 214 German workers with occupational exposure to vapors and aerosols of bitumen,compared to 87 German construction workers without exposure, who were part of the Human Bitumen Study. Genotypes were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and actual smoking habits by a questionnaire and cotinine analysis. Oxidative DNA damage in white blood cells (WBC) collected pre- and postshift was measured as 8-oxodGuo adducts/10(6) dGuo by a hjigh-performance liquid chromatography electron capture detection (HPLC-ECD) method, followed by calculation of the difference between post- and preshift values (Δ8-oxodGuo/10(6) dGuo). The 214 bitumen exposed workers showed higher median Δ8-oxodGuo values than the 87 references. In the whole study group (n=301) there was a trend for increasing adduct values for XRCC1 Arg(GG)399Gln(AA) during a shift, especially in nonsmokers (n=108. Referents (n=87) displayed a similar trend for hOGG1 Ser(CC)326Cys(GG). In contrast, XRCC1 Arg(GG)280His(AA) showed a decrease of median Δ8-oxodGuo/10(6) dGuo values in workers with exposure to vapors and aerosols of bitumen (n=214), especially in smokers (n=145). XRCC1 Arg194Trp and APE1 Asp148Glu displayed no marked association with Δ8-oxodGuo levels. Data indicate that the combination of different variants in DNA damage repair enzymes may modulate the production of 8-oxoguanine adducts in WBC produced by xenobiotics during a shift.