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Scholl S, Roufai DB, Chérif LL, Kamal M. RAIDS atlas of significant genetic and protein biomarkers in cervical cancer. J Gynecol Oncol 2023; 34:e74. [PMID: 37668079 PMCID: PMC10482580 DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2023.34.e74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of function in epigenetic acting genes together with driver alterations in the PIK3CA pathway have been shown significantly associated with poor outcome in cervical squamous cell cancer. More recently, a CoxBoost analysis identified 16 gene alterations and 30 high level activated proteins to be of high interest, due to their association with either good or bad outcome, in the context of treatment received by chemoradiation. The objectives here were to review and confirm the significance of these molecular alterations as suggested by literature reports and to pinpoint alternate treatments options for poor-responders to chemoradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzy Scholl
- Department of Drug Development and Innovation (D3i), Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Department of Drug Development and Innovation (D3i), Institut Curie, Saint-Cloud, France.
| | | | - Linda Larbi Chérif
- Department of Drug Development and Innovation (D3i), Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Department of Drug Development and Innovation (D3i), Institut Curie, Saint-Cloud, France
| | - Maud Kamal
- Department of Drug Development and Innovation (D3i), Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Department of Drug Development and Innovation (D3i), Institut Curie, Saint-Cloud, France
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2
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Kang SK, Bae HJ, Kwon WS, Kim TS, Kim KH, Park S, Yu SY, Hwang J, Park J, Chung HC, Rha SY. Inhibition of the bromodomain and extra-terminal family of epigenetic regulators as a promising therapeutic approach for gastric cancer. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2021; 44:1387-1403. [PMID: 34791636 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-021-00647-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Epigenetic dysregulation is a common characteristic of cancers, including gastric cancer (GC), and contributes to cancer development and progression. Although the efficacy of BET (an epigenetic regulator) inhibition has been demonstrated in various cancer types, predictive genetic markers of its efficacy in GC are currently lacking. Therefore, we aimed to identify markers that predict the response of BET inhibition in GC and, suggest an effective treatment regimen through combined therapy. METHODS The effect of BET inhibition was evaluated using iBET-151, a small-molecule inhibitor of BET proteins, in a large panel (n = 49) of GC cell lines and xenograft mouse models. Comprehensive genetic information was used to identify cell lines sensitive to iBET-151. Flow cytometry, Western blotting, and colony-formation and migration assays were used to evaluate the effects of iBET-151 and/or paclitaxel. The synergistic effect of iBET-151 and paclitaxel was evaluated using an organoid model. RESULTS We found that iBET-151 showed a modest growth-inhibitory effect in GC cells (73%, 36/49). iBET-151 inhibited tumorigenicity in vitro and significantly promoted cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Based on comprehensive genetic information analysis in relation to BET family expression, we found that BRD4 was highly expressed in the iBET-151-sensitive cell lines. We also identified WNT5B and IRS2 as potential biomarkers that are predictive for sensitivity to iBET-151. In GC xenograft model mice, iBET-151 significantly decreased tumor volumes and Ki-67 and BRD4 expression. Combination treatment showed that iBET-151 increased the sensitivity of GC cells to paclitaxel in approximately 70% of the cell lines (34/49) tested. iBET-151 plus paclitaxel significantly promoted cell cycle arrest and apoptosis and suppressed c-Myc, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL expression. In GC organoids, iBET-151 and paclitaxel showed a synergistic effect. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our data suggest that iBET-151 is a potential therapeutic agent for GC, especially in combination with paclitaxel, and that WNT5B and IRS2 may predict iBET-151 sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Kyoung Kang
- Songdang Institute for Cancer Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- MD Biolab Co., Ltd, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joo Bae
- Songdang Institute for Cancer Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Sun Kwon
- Songdang Institute for Cancer Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Soo Kim
- Songdang Institute for Cancer Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoo Hyun Kim
- Songdang Institute for Cancer Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sejung Park
- Songdang Institute for Cancer Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biostatistics and Computing, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Young Yu
- Songdang Institute for Cancer Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyun Hwang
- Songdang Institute for Cancer Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Juin Park
- Songdang Institute for Cancer Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Cheol Chung
- Songdang Institute for Cancer Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Young Rha
- Songdang Institute for Cancer Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Emerging evidence has shown that epigenetic derangements might drive and promote tumorigenesis in various types of malignancies and is prevalent in both B cell and T cell lymphomas. The purpose of this review is to explain how the epigenetic derangements result in a chromatin-remodeled state in lymphoma and contribute to the biology and clinical features of these tumors. RECENT FINDINGS Studies have explored on the functional role of epigenetic derangements in chromatin remodeling and lymphomagenesis. For example, the haploinsufficiency of CREBBP facilitates malignant transformation in mice and directly implicates the importance to re-establish the physiologic acetylation level. New findings identified 4 prominent DLBCL subtypes, including EZB-GC-DLBCL subtype that enriched in mutations of CREBBP, EP300, KMT2D, and SWI/SNF complex genes. EZB subtype has a worse prognosis than other GCB-tumors. Moreover, the action of the histone modifiers as well as chromatin-remodeling factors (e.g., SWI/SNF complex) cooperates to influence the chromatin state resulting in transcription repression. Drugs that alter the epigenetic landscape have been approved in T cell lymphoma. In line with this finding, epigenetic lesions in histone modifiers have recently been uncovered in this disease, further confirming the vulnerability to the therapies targeting epigenetic derangements. Modulating the chromatin state by epigenetic-modifying agents provides precision-medicine opportunities to patients with lymphomas that depend on this biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Liu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Yulissa Gonzalez
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Jennifer E Amengual
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, USA.
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Sermer D, Pasqualucci L, Wendel HG, Melnick A, Younes A. Emerging epigenetic-modulating therapies in lymphoma. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2019; 16:494-507. [PMID: 30837715 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-019-0190-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Despite considerable advances in the treatment of lymphoma, the prognosis of patients with relapsed and/or refractory disease continues to be poor; thus, a continued need exists for the development of novel approaches and therapies. Epigenetic dysregulation might drive and/or promote tumorigenesis in various types of malignancies and is prevalent in both B cell and T cell lymphomas. Over the past decade, a large number of epigenetic-modifying agents have been developed and introduced into the clinical management of patients with haematological malignancies. In this Review, we provide a concise overview of the most promising epigenetic therapies for the treatment of lymphomas, including inhibitors of histone deacetylases (HDACs), DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), enhancer of zeste homologue 2 (EZH2), bromodomain and extra-terminal domain proteins (BETs), protein arginine N-methyltransferases (PRMTs) and isocitrate dehydrogenases (IDHs), and highlight the most promising future directions of research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Sermer
- Department of Medicine, Lymphoma Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laura Pasqualucci
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hans-Guido Wendel
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ari Melnick
- Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anas Younes
- Department of Medicine, Lymphoma Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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Letson C, Padron E. Non-canonical transcriptional consequences of BET inhibition in cancer. Pharmacol Res 2019; 150:104508. [PMID: 31698067 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of the bromo and extra-terminal domain (BET) protein family in preclinical studies has demonstrated that BET proteins are critical for cancer progression and important therapeutic targets. Downregulation of the MYC oncogene, CDK6, BCL2 and FOSL1 are just a few examples of the effects of BET inhibitors that can lead to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells. However, BET inhibitors have had little success in the clinic as a single agent, and there are an increasing number of reports of resistance to BET inhibition emerging after sustained treatment of cancer cells in vitro. Here we summarize the non-canonical consequences of BET inhibition in cancer, and discuss how these may both lead to resistance and inform rational combinations that could greatly enhance the clinical application of these inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Letson
- Moffitt Cancer Center: 12902 USF Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, United States.
| | - Eric Padron
- Moffitt Cancer Center: 12902 USF Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, United States.
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Wang C, Zhang Y, Zhou D, Cao G, Wu Y. miR-204 enhances p27 mRNA stability by targeting Brd4 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:4179-4184. [PMID: 30250532 PMCID: PMC6144909 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to explore the function of microRNA (miR)-204 in modulating cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (p27) mRNA stability in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Briefly, reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis were used to detect miR-204 and Brd4 level. Cell viability, cell cycle and cell apoptosis were used to investigate the effects of miR-204. Additional luciferase reporter and mRNA stability assays were used to explore the mechanisms contributing to miR-204 effects. Here, miR-204 was downregulated in HNSCC tissues compared with the adjacent normal tissues. The expression levels of miR-204 and bromodomain-containing protein 4 (Brd4) were negatively associated in HNSCC tissues. Ectopic expression of miR-204 inhibited HNSCC cell proliferation, promoted cell cycle arrest at the G1/S phase and promoted cell apoptosis compared with control cells. Additionally, upregulation of miR-204 expression levels enhanced p27 mRNA stability. Notably, Brd4 was identified as a target of miR-204, and the co-expression of Brd4 with miR-204 mimics attenuated the inhibitory effects of miR-204 on cell proliferation and enhanced p27 mRNA stability compared with control cells. Thus, it was concluded that miR-204 functions as a tumor suppressor by enhancing p27 mRNA stability through targeting Brd4 in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihua Wang
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat, The Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat, The Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Dayong Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Hengkang Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Guanjie Cao
- Department of Imaging, The Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Yungang Wu
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat, The Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
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Ma J, Matkar S, He X, Hua X. FOXO family in regulating cancer and metabolism. Semin Cancer Biol 2018; 50:32-41. [PMID: 29410116 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2018.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
FOXO proteins are a sub-group of a superfamily of forkhead box (FOX)-containing transcription factors (TFs). FOXOs play an important role in regulating a plethora of biological activities ranging from development, cell signaling, and tumorigenesis to cell metabolism. Here we mainly focus on reviewing the role of FOXOs in regulating tumor and metabolism. Moreover, how crosstalk among various pathways influences the function of FOXOs will be reviewed. Further, the paradoxical role for FOXOs in controlling the fate of cancer and especially resistance/sensitivity of cancer to the class of drugs that target PI3K/AKT will also be reviewed. Finally, how FOXOs regulate crosstalk between common cancer pathways and cell metabolism pathways, and how these crosstalks affect the fate of the cancer will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ma
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Abramson Cancer Center, Institute of Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism (IDOM), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 421 Curie Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 678 Haping Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150069, China; College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, China.
| | - Smita Matkar
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Abramson Cancer Center, Institute of Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism (IDOM), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 421 Curie Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Xin He
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Abramson Cancer Center, Institute of Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism (IDOM), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 421 Curie Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Xianxin Hua
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Abramson Cancer Center, Institute of Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism (IDOM), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 421 Curie Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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