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No Intercellular Regulation of the Cell Cycle among Human Cervical Carcinoma HeLa Cells Expressing Fluorescent Ubiquitination-Based Cell-Cycle Indicators in Modulated Radiation Fields. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312785. [PMID: 34884589 PMCID: PMC8657989 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The non-targeted effects of radiation have been known to induce significant alternations in cell survival. Although the effects might govern the progression of tumor sites following advanced radiotherapy, the impacts on the intercellular control of the cell cycle following radiation exposure with a modified field, remain to be determined. Recently, a fluorescent ubiquitination-based cell-cycle indicator (FUCCI), which can visualize the cell-cycle phases with fluorescence microscopy in real time, was developed for biological cell research. In this study, we investigated the non-targeted effects on the regulation of the cell cycle of human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cells with imperfect p53 function that express the FUCCI (HeLa–FUCCI cells). The possible effects on the cell-cycle phases via soluble factors were analyzed following exposure to different field configurations, which were delivered using a 150 kVp X-ray irradiator. In addition, using synchrotron-generated, 5.35 keV monochromatic X-ray microbeams, high-precision 200 μm-slit microbeam irradiation was performed to investigate the possible impacts on the cell-cycle phases via cell–cell contacts. Collectively, we could not detect the intercellular regulation of the cell cycle in HeLa–FUCCI cells, which suggested that the unregulated cell growth was a malignant tumor. Our findings indicated that there was no significant intercellular control system of the cell cycle in malignant tumors during or after radiotherapy, highlighting the differences between normal tissue and tumor characteristics.
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The radiotherapy-sensitization effect of cantharidin: Mechanisms involving cell cycle regulation, enhanced DNA damage, and inhibited DNA damage repair. Pancreatology 2018; 18:822-832. [PMID: 30201439 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cantharidin is an inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2 A (PP2A), and has been frequently used in clinical practice. In our previous study, we proved that cantharidin could arrest cell cycle in G2/M phase. Since cells at G2/M phase are sensitive to radiotherapy, in the present study, we investigated the radiotherapy-sesitization effect of cantharidin and the potential mechanisms involved. METHODS Cell growth was determined by MTT assay. Cell cycle was evaluated by flow cytometry. DNA damage was visualized by phospho-Histone H2A.X staining. Expression of mRNA was tested by microarray assay and real-time PCR. Clinical information and RNA-Seq expression data were derived from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) pancreatic cancer cohort. Survival analysis was obtained by Kaplan-Meier estimates. RESULTS Cantharidin strengthened the growth inhibition effect of irradiation. Cantharidin drove pancreatic cancer cells out of quiescent G0/G1 phase and arrested cell cycle in G2/M phase. As a result, cantharidin strengthened DNA damage which was induced by irradiation. Moreover, cantharidin repressed expressions of several genes participating in DNA damage repair, including UBE2T, RPA1, GTF2HH5, LIG1, POLD3, RMI2, XRCC1, PRKDC, FANC1, FAAP100, RAD50, RAD51D, RAD51B and DMC1, through JNK, ERK, PKC, p38 and/or NF-κB pathway dependent manners. Among these genes, worse overall survival for pancreatic cancer patients were associated with high mRNA expressions of POLD3, RMI2, PRKDC, FANC1, RAD50 and RAD51B, all of which could be down-regulated by cantharidin. CONCLUSION Cantharidin can sensitize pancreatic cancer cells to radiotherapy. Multiple mechanisms, including cell cycle regulation, enhanced DNA damage, and inhibited DNA damage repair, may be involved.
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SAITO M, HIRATOKO S, FUKUBA I, TATE SI, MATSUOKA H. Use of a Right Triangle Chip and Its Engraved Shape as a Transferrable x-y Coordinate System from Light Microscopy to Electron Microscopy. ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.5796/electrochemistry.17-00058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mikako SAITO
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Shoya HIRATOKO
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Ikuko FUKUBA
- Analysis Center of Life Science, Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development (N-BARD), Hiroshima University
| | - Shin-ichi TATE
- Department of Mathematical and Life Sciences, School of Science, Hiroshima University
- Research Center for the Mathematics on Chromatin Live Dynamics (RcMcD), Hiroshima University
| | - Hideaki MATSUOKA
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
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Wu X, Wu MY, Jiang M, Zhi Q, Bian X, Xu MD, Gong FR, Hou J, Tao M, Shou LM, Duan W, Chen K, Shen M, Li W. TNF-α sensitizes chemotherapy and radiotherapy against breast cancer cells. Cancer Cell Int 2017; 17:13. [PMID: 28127258 PMCID: PMC5260016 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-017-0382-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Despite new developments in cancer therapy, chemotherapy and radiotherapy remain the cornerstone of breast cancer treatment. Therefore, finding ways to reduce the toxicity and increase sensitivity is particularly important. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) exerts multiple functions in cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. In the present study, we investigated whether TNF-α could enhance the effect of chemotherapy and radiotherapy against breast cancer cells. Methods Cell growth was determined by MTT assay in vitro, and by using nude mouse tumor xenograft model in vivo. Cell cycle and apoptosis/necrosis were evaluated by flow cytometry. DNA damage was visualized by phospho-Histone H2A.X staining. mRNA expression was assessed by using real-time PCR. Protein expression was tested by Western blot assay. Results TNF-α strengthened the cytotoxicity of docetaxel, 5-FU and cisplatin against breast cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. TNF-α activated NF-κB pathway and dependently up-regulated expressions of CyclinD1, CyclinD2, CyclinE, CDK2, CDK4 and CDK6, the key regulators participating in G1→S phase transition. As a result, TNF-α drove cells out of quiescent G0/G1 phase, entering vulnerable proliferating phases. Treatment of TNF-α brought more DNA damage after Cs137-irradiation and strengthened G2/M and S phase cell cycle arrest induced by docetaxel and cisplatin respectively. Moreover, the up-regulation of RIP3 (a necroptosis marker) by 5-FU, and the activation of RIP3 by TNF-α, synergistically triggered necroptosis (programmed necrosis). Knockdown of RIP3 attenuated the synergetic effect of TNF-α and 5-FU. Conclusion TNF-α presented radiotherapy- and chemotherapy-sensitizing effects against breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Meng-Yao Wu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Min Jiang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Qiaoming Zhi
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Xiaojie Bian
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Meng-Dan Xu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Fei-Ran Gong
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Juan Hou
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 China.,Department of Oncology, the People's Hospital of Jingjiang, Jingjiang, 214500 China
| | - Min Tao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 China.,PREMED Key Laboratory for Precision Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215021 China.,Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, Suzhou, 215006 China.,Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215021 China
| | - Liu-Mei Shou
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 China.,Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Weiming Duan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Meng Shen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 China.,PREMED Key Laboratory for Precision Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215021 China.,Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, Suzhou, 215006 China.,Center for Systems Biology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006 China
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Pearl Mizrahi S, Gefen O, Simon I, Balaban NQ. Persistence to anti-cancer treatments in the stationary to proliferating transition. Cell Cycle 2016; 15:3442-3453. [PMID: 27801609 PMCID: PMC5224467 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2016.1248006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The heterogeneous responses of clonal cancer cells to treatment is understood to be caused by several factors, including stochasticity, cell-cycle dynamics, and different micro-environments. In a tumor, cancer cells may encounter fluctuating conditions and transit from a stationary culture to a proliferating state, for example this may occur following treatment. Here, we undertake a quantitative evaluation of the response of single cancerous lymphoblasts (L1210 cells) to various treatments administered during this transition. Additionally, we developed an experimental system, a “Mammalian Mother Machine,” that tracks the fate of thousands of mammalian cells over several generations under transient exposure to chemotherapeutic drugs. Using our developed system, we were able to follow the same cell under repeated treatments and continuously track many generations. We found that the dynamics of the transition between stationary and proliferative states are highly variable and affect the response to drug treatment. Using cell-cycle markers, we were able to isolate a subpopulation of persister cells with distinctly higher than average survival probability. The higher survival rate encountered with cell-cycle phase specific drugs was associated with a significantly longer time-till-division, and was reduced by a non cell-cycle specific drug. Our results suggest that the variability of transition times from the stationary to the proliferating state may be an obstacle hampering the effectiveness of drugs and should be taken into account when designing treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivan Pearl Mizrahi
- a Racah Institute of Physics, Edmond J. Safra Campus, The Hebrew University , Jerusalem , Israel.,b Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics , IMRIC, The Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School , Jerusalem , Israel
| | - Orit Gefen
- a Racah Institute of Physics, Edmond J. Safra Campus, The Hebrew University , Jerusalem , Israel
| | - Itamar Simon
- b Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics , IMRIC, The Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School , Jerusalem , Israel
| | - Nathalie Q Balaban
- a Racah Institute of Physics, Edmond J. Safra Campus, The Hebrew University , Jerusalem , Israel
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