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Tang ZY, Wang XM, Xu CW, Sun QQ, Hua YX, Zhou QY, Hu HY, Liu SB, Guo YJ, Ao L, Che X, Zhang XC, Heger M, Zheng X, Liu AJ, Wang Q, Zhan ZJ, Cheng SQ, Pan WW. DCAF13 promotes ovarian cancer progression by activating FRAS1-mediated FAK signaling pathway. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:421. [PMID: 39367995 PMCID: PMC11455852 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05446-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/07/2024]
Abstract
Cullin-RING ubiquitin ligase 4 (CRL4) is closely correlated with the incidence and progression of ovarian cancer. DDB1- and CUL4-associated factor 13 (DCAF13), a substrate-recognition protein in the CRL4 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, is involved in the occurrence and development of ovarian cancer. However, its precise function and the underlying molecular mechanism in this disease remain unclear. In this study, we confirmed that DCAF13 is highly expressed in human ovarian cancer and its expression is negatively correlated with the overall survival rate of patients with ovarian cancer. We then used CRISPR/Cas9 to knockout DCAF13 and found that its deletion significantly inhibited the proliferation, colony formation, and migration of human ovarian cancer cells. In addition, DCAF13 deficiency inhibited tumor proliferation in nude mice. Mechanistically, CRL4-DCAF13 targeted Fraser extracellular matrix complex subunit 1 (FRAS1) for polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. FRAS1 influenced the proliferation and migration of ovarian cancer cell through induction of the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling pathway. These findings collectively show that DCAF13 is an important oncogene that promotes tumorigenesis in ovarian cancer cells by mediating FRAS1/FAK signaling. Our findings provide a foundation for the development of targeted therapeutics for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Yi Tang
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing, 314001, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiao-Min Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing, 314001, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Wei Xu
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 Banshan East Street, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, 310022, China
| | - Qing-Qing Sun
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing, 314001, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Xin Hua
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing, 314001, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University and Jiaxing University Master Degree Cultivation Base, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing, 314001, P. R. China
| | - Qi-Yin Zhou
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing, 314001, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University and Jiaxing University Master Degree Cultivation Base, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing, 314001, P. R. China
| | - Han-Yin Hu
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing, 314001, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University and Jiaxing University Master Degree Cultivation Base, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing, 314001, P. R. China
| | - Sheng-Bing Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing, 314001, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Jun Guo
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing, 314001, P. R. China
| | - Lei Ao
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing, 314001, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Che
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Affiliated Women and Children Hospital, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, P. R. China
| | - Xian-Chao Zhang
- Institute of Information Network and Artificial Intelligence, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing, 314001, P. R. China
| | - Michal Heger
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory for Photonanomedicine and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing, 314001, P. R. China
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, Rotterdam, 3015 GD, The Netherlands
| | - Xin Zheng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314000, P. R. China
| | - Ai-Jun Liu
- Department of Pathology, The 7th Medical Center, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, 100700, P. R. China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, P. R. China
| | - Zha-Jun Zhan
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Shu-Qun Cheng
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing, 314001, P. R. China.
- Department of Hepatic Surgery VI, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China.
| | - Wei-Wei Pan
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing, 314001, P. R. China.
- G60 STI Valley Industry & Innovation Institute, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing, 314001, P. R. China.
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Wen W, Li Y, Cao X, Li Y, Liu Z, Tang Z, Xie L, He R. Expression and Clinical Significance of NUDCD1, PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway-Related Molecules and Immune Infiltration in Breast Cancer. Clin Breast Cancer 2024; 24:e429-e451. [PMID: 38553373 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2024.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND NUDCD1 (NudC Domain Containing 1) performs an essential function in biological processes such as cell progression, migration, cell cycle, and intracellular material transport. Many solid tumors express it highly, which is a prospective biomarker and therapeutic approach. However, the expression and clinical importance of NUDCD1 across breast cancer is unclear. METHODS The expressions of NUDCD1 in breast cancers and normal breast tissues were studied utilizing the TIMER database and immunohistochemical analysis. Subsequently, we validate the association between the expression of NUDCD1 and clinicopathologic features and prognosis of breast cancer. The immunohistochemical experiments of pathway-related molecules were done on 214 breast cancer tissue microarrays. The investigation of correlation between NUDCD1 expression and tumor immune infiltration was subsequently conducted. RESULTS Through the utilization of bioinformatics analysis and immunohistochemical experiments, it was determined that NUDCD1 exhibited upregulation within breast cancer. Furthermore, it was discovered that an elevated expression of NUDCD1 may potentially be linked to a worse prognosis in breast cancer. Our study reveals that the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway may perform a function in NUDCD1 regulating breast cancer progression via enrichment analysis. Furthermore, the expression of NUDCD1 may be associated with the degree of immunological infiltration. CONCLUSION The expression of NUDCD1 was explored to be elevated in breast cancer and was observed to be correlated with a poorer prognosis. p-AKT, PI3K, AKT, mTOR, and p-mTOR expression levels underwent significant elevation in breast cancer. The function of NUDCD1 within breast cancer might be associated with the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wen
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China; Department of Pathology, Yongchuan Hospital Of Chongqing Medical University, Yongchuan 402160, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuehua Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Xi Cao
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Ziyi Liu
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Zhuoqi Tang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Liming Xie
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Rongfang He
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China.
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Zhang WJ, Hu CL, Guo BL, Liang XP, Wang CY, Yang T. STAT5B Suppresses Ferroptosis by Promoting DCAF13 Transcription to Regulate p53/xCT Pathway to Promote Mantle Cell Lymphoma Progression. Biologics 2024; 18:181-193. [PMID: 38979130 PMCID: PMC11229983 DOI: 10.2147/btt.s461287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to analyze the mechanism by which STAT5B inhibits ferroptosis in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) by promoting DCAF13 transcriptional regulation of p53/xCT pathway. Methods The correlations between STAT5B, DCAF13 and ferroptosis in MCL were analyzed using Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA, http://gepia.cancer-pku.cn/index.html). The expression levels and pairwise correlations of STAT5B, DCAF13, p53 and xCT in MCL patients were detected, respectively. STAT5B was silenced to confirm their criticality in MCL ferroptosis. the effects of blocking necrosis, apoptosis and ferroptosis on the anti-MCL effects of STAT5B were examined. Cells with STAT5B overexpression and/or DCAF13 silencing were constructed to confirm the involvement of DCAF13 in the STAT5B-regulated p53/xCT pathway. The regulation of p53 ubiquitination was confirmed by DCAF13 overexpression and MG132. The effects of silencing DCAF13 and MG132 on STAT5B overexpression on MCL was clarified by a tumor-bearing nude mouse model. Results DCAF13 was overexpressed in MCL and positively correlated with STAT5B, negatively correlated with p53, and positively correlated with xCT. Inhibition of ferroptosis alleviated the inhibitory effects of siSTAT5B on MCL, while inhibition of necrosis and apoptosis had few effects. Silencing of DCAF13 led to the blocking of STAT5B regulation of p53/xCT and ferroptosis. The changes in DCAF13 and the addition of MG132 did not have statistically significant effects on p53 mRNA. Elevation of DCAF13 resulted in downregulation of p53 protein levels, and this inhibition was reversed by MG132. In animal models, the promotion of MCL and the inhibition of ferroptosis by STAT5B. Silencing of DCAF13 blocked STAT5B inhibition of p53 and induction of xCT, GPX4, and GSH. Conclusion STAT5B suppresses ferroptosis by promoting DCAF13 transcription to regulate p53/xCT pathway to promote MCL progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Jun Zhang
- Department of Hematology Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chong Ling Hu
- Department of Hematology Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Ling Guo
- Department of Hematology Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Ping Liang
- Department of Hematology Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Yu Wang
- Department of Hematology Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Hematology Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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Yang XY, Zheng XX, Zhai XJ, Tang T, Yu SC. Spindle apparatus coiled-coil protein 1 (SPDL1) serves as a novel prognostic biomarker in triple-negative breast cancer. Proteomics Clin Appl 2024; 18:e202300002. [PMID: 38316615 DOI: 10.1002/prca.202300002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has a poor prognosis, an ineffective diagnosis, and a high degree of aggressiveness. Therefore, novel therapeutic targets for TNBC urgently need to be identified. METHODS Through a series of bioinformatics analyses, including analysis of differential gene expression, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, univariate cox regression, immune infiltration, pathway enrichment, etc, as well as auxiliary immunohistochemistry (IHC) and protein quantitativae analysis, to explore prognostic marker for TNBC. RESULTS In TNBC tissues, we found that SPDL1 (CCDC99) was considerably overexpressed at both the mRNA and protein levels compared to that in normal and non-TNBC tissues. Additionally, we found that SPDL1-high expression was strongly linked to poor prognosis in TNBC patients. Excessive SPDL1 expression was positively correlated with tumor growth and strongly linked to the cell cycle, DNA replication, and the p53 signaling pathway. In addition, CIBERSORT analysis revealed that SPDL1 can affect the tumor immune microenvironment (TME) in TNBC, encourage the development of TNBC and act as a potential prognostic biomarker for TNBC. Patients with SPDL1-high expression were more sensitive to AZD8055. Notably, we discovered that SPDL1 is highly expressed in the majority of malignancies and may have an impact on the pancancer prognosis. CONCLUSIONS SPDL1 can serve as a novel prognostic marker for TNBC and pancancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Yan Yang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), ChongQing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunopathology, Ministry of Education, ChongQing, China
- International Joint Research Center for Precision Biotherapy, Ministry of Science and Technology, ChongQing, China
| | - Xiao-Xia Zheng
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), ChongQing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunopathology, Ministry of Education, ChongQing, China
- International Joint Research Center for Precision Biotherapy, Ministry of Science and Technology, ChongQing, China
| | - Xue-Jia Zhai
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), ChongQing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunopathology, Ministry of Education, ChongQing, China
- International Joint Research Center for Precision Biotherapy, Ministry of Science and Technology, ChongQing, China
| | - Tao Tang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), ChongQing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunopathology, Ministry of Education, ChongQing, China
- International Joint Research Center for Precision Biotherapy, Ministry of Science and Technology, ChongQing, China
| | - Shi-Cang Yu
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), ChongQing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunopathology, Ministry of Education, ChongQing, China
- International Joint Research Center for Precision Biotherapy, Ministry of Science and Technology, ChongQing, China
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Zhuk AS, Stepchenkova EI, Zotova IV, Belopolskaya OB, Pavlov YI, Kostroma II, Gritsaev SV, Aksenova AY. G-Quadruplex Forming DNA Sequence Context Is Enriched around Points of Somatic Mutations in a Subset of Multiple Myeloma Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5269. [PMID: 38791307 PMCID: PMC11121618 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematological malignancy, which remains incurable despite recent advances in treatment strategies. Like other forms of cancer, MM is characterized by genomic instability, caused by defects in DNA repair. Along with mutations in DNA repair genes and genotoxic drugs used to treat MM, non-canonical secondary DNA structures (four-stranded G-quadruplex structures) can affect accumulation of somatic mutations and chromosomal abnormalities in the tumor cells of MM patients. Here, we tested the hypothesis that G-quadruplex structures may influence the distribution of somatic mutations in the tumor cells of MM patients. We sequenced exomes of normal and tumor cells of 11 MM patients and analyzed the data for the presence of G4 context around points of somatic mutations. To identify molecular mechanisms that could affect mutational profile of tumors, we also analyzed mutational signatures in tumor cells as well as germline mutations for the presence of specific SNPs in DNA repair genes or in genes regulating G-quadruplex unwinding. In several patients, we found that sites of somatic mutations are frequently located in regions with G4 context. This pattern correlated with specific germline variants found in these patients. We discuss the possible implications of these variants for mutation accumulation and specificity in MM and propose that the extent of G4 context enrichment around somatic mutation sites may be a novel metric characterizing mutational processes in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna S. Zhuk
- Laboratory of Amyloid Biology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.S.Z.); (I.V.Z.)
- Institute of Applied Computer Science, ITMO University, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Elena I. Stepchenkova
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, St. Petersburg Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia;
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Irina V. Zotova
- Laboratory of Amyloid Biology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.S.Z.); (I.V.Z.)
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, St. Petersburg Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Olesya B. Belopolskaya
- Resource Center “Bio-Bank Center”, Research Park of St. Petersburg State University, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia;
- The Laboratory of Genogeography, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Youri I. Pavlov
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Microbiology and Pathology, Genetics Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Ivan I. Kostroma
- City Hospital No. 15, 198205 St. Petersburg, Russia; (I.I.K.); (S.V.G.)
| | | | - Anna Y. Aksenova
- Laboratory of Amyloid Biology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.S.Z.); (I.V.Z.)
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Wang S, Sun H, Chen G, Wu C, Sun B, Lin J, Lin D, Zeng D, Lin B, Huang G, Lu X, Lin H, Liang Y. RNA-binding proteins in breast cancer: Biological implications and therapeutic opportunities. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 195:104271. [PMID: 38272151 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) refer to a class of proteins that participate in alternative splicing, RNA stability, polyadenylation, localization and translation of RNAs, thus regulating gene expression in post-transcriptional manner. Dysregulation of RNA-RBP interaction contributes to various diseases, including cancer. In breast cancer, disorders in RBP expression and function influence the biological characteristics of tumor cells. Targeting RBPs has fostered the development of innovative therapies for breast cancer. However, the RBP-related mechanisms in breast cancer are not completely clear. In this review, we summarize the regulatory mechanisms of RBPs and their signaling crosstalk in breast cancer. Specifically, we emphasize the potential of certain RBPs as prognostic factors due to their effects on proliferation, invasion, apoptosis, and therapy resistance of breast cancer cells. Most importantly, we present a comprehensive overview of the latest RBP-related therapeutic strategies and novel therapeutic targets that have proven to be useful in the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimeng Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College (SUMC), 57 Changping Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Hexing Sun
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College (SUMC), 57 Changping Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Guanyuan Chen
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College (SUMC), 57 Changping Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Chengyu Wu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College (SUMC), 57 Changping Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Bingmei Sun
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College (SUMC), 57 Changping Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Jiajia Lin
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College (SUMC), 57 Changping Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Danping Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of SUMC, Shantou 515000, China
| | - De Zeng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of SUMC, Shantou 515000, China
| | - Baohang Lin
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Longgang District Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518116, China
| | - Guan Huang
- Department of Pathology, Longgang District Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518116, China
| | - Xiaofeng Lu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College (SUMC), 57 Changping Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Haoyu Lin
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College (SUMC), 57 Changping Road, Shantou 515041, China.
| | - Yuanke Liang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College (SUMC), 57 Changping Road, Shantou 515041, China.
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Pardo I, Fagundes PB, de Oliveira RS, Campregher PV. A molecular approach to triple-negative breast cancer: targeting the Notch signaling pathway. EINSTEIN-SAO PAULO 2024; 22:eRW0552. [PMID: 38324848 PMCID: PMC10948095 DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2024rw0552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Triple-negative breast cancer is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer characterized by the absence of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 expression. This phenotype renders triple-negative breast cancer cells refractory to conventional therapies, resulting in poor clinical outcomes and an urgent need for novel therapeutic approaches. Recent studies have implicated dysregulation of the Notch receptor signaling pathway in the development and progression of triple-negative breast cancer. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive literature review to identify potential therapeutic targets of the Notch pathway. Our analysis focused on the upstream and downstream components of this pathway to identify potential therapeutic targets. RESULTS Modulating the Notch signaling pathway may represent a promising therapeutic strategy to treat triple-negative breast cancer. Several potential therapeutic targets within this pathway are in the early stages of development, including upstream (such as Notch ligands) and downstream (including specific molecules involved in triple-negative breast cancer growth). These targets represent potential avenues for therapeutic intervention in triple-negative breast cancer. COMMENTS Additional research specifically addressing issues related to toxicity and improving drug delivery methods is critical for the successful translation of these potential therapeutic targets into effective treatments for patients with triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabele Pardo
- Faculdade Israelita de Ciências da Saúde Albert EinsteinHospital Israelita Albert EinsteinSão PauloSPBrazil Faculdade Israelita de Ciências da Saúde Albert Einstein , Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein , São Paulo , SP , Brazil .
| | - Pedro Brecheret Fagundes
- Faculdade Israelita de Ciências da Saúde Albert EinsteinHospital Israelita Albert EinsteinSão PauloSPBrazil Faculdade Israelita de Ciências da Saúde Albert Einstein , Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein , São Paulo , SP , Brazil .
| | - Rafael Santana de Oliveira
- Faculdade Israelita de Ciências da Saúde Albert EinsteinHospital Israelita Albert EinsteinSão PauloSPBrazil Faculdade Israelita de Ciências da Saúde Albert Einstein , Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein , São Paulo , SP , Brazil .
| | - Paulo Vidal Campregher
- Faculdade Israelita de Ciências da Saúde Albert EinsteinHospital Israelita Albert EinsteinSão PauloSPBrazil Faculdade Israelita de Ciências da Saúde Albert Einstein , Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein , São Paulo , SP , Brazil .
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Wei S, Xing J, Chen J, Chen L, Lv J, Chen X, Li T, Yu T, Wang H, Wang K, Yu W. DCAF13 inhibits the p53 signaling pathway by promoting p53 ubiquitination modification in lung adenocarcinoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:3. [PMID: 38163876 PMCID: PMC10759521 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02936-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is a malignant tumor with the highest mortality worldwide. Abnormalities in the ubiquitin proteasome system are considered to be contributed to lung cancer progression with deleterious effects. DDB1 and CUL4 associated factor 13 (DCAF13) is a substrate receptor of the E3 ubiquitin ligase CRL4, but its role in lung cancer remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of DCAF13 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). METHODS So as to investigate the effect of DCAF13 on lung adenocarcinoma cell function using in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, we have identified the downstream targets of DCAF13 by using RNA-sequencing, as well as ubiquitination assays, co-immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry and chromatin immunoprecipitation - qPCR experiments. RESULTS Our findings reveal that DCAF13 is a carcinogenic factor in LUAD, as it is highly expressed and negatively correlated with clinical outcomes in LUAD patients. Through RNA-sequencing, it has been shown that DCAF13 negatively regulates the p53 signaling pathway and inhibits p53 downstream targets including p21, BAX, FAS, and PIDD1. We also demonstrate that DCAF13 can bind to p53 protein, leading to K48-linked ubiquitination and degradation of p53. Functionally, we have shown that DCAF13 knockdown inhibits cell proliferation and migration. Our results highlight the significant role of DCAF13 in promoting LUAD progression by inhibiting p53 protein stabilization and the p53 signaling pathway. Furthermore, our findings suggest that high DCAF13 expression is a poor prognostic indicator in LUAD, and DCAF13 may be a potential therapeutic target for treating with this aggressive cancer. CONCLUSIONS The DCAF13 as a novel negative regulator of p53 to promote LUAD progression via facilitating p53 ubiquitination and degradation, suggesting that DCAF13 might be a novel biomarker and therapeutical target for LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Wei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University (Ningbo Yinzhou People's Hospital), 251, Baizhang Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315040, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Xing
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University (Ningbo Yinzhou People's Hospital), 251, Baizhang Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315040, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University (Ningbo Yinzhou People's Hospital), 251, Baizhang Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315040, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University (Ningbo Yinzhou People's Hospital), 251, Baizhang Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315040, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiapei Lv
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University (Ningbo Yinzhou People's Hospital), 251, Baizhang Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315040, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University (Ningbo Yinzhou People's Hospital), 251, Baizhang Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315040, People's Republic of China
| | - Tang Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University (Ningbo Yinzhou People's Hospital), 251, Baizhang Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315040, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University (Ningbo Yinzhou People's Hospital), 251, Baizhang Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315040, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaying Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University (Ningbo Yinzhou People's Hospital), 251, Baizhang Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315040, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, Zhejiang, 322000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanjun Yu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University (Ningbo Yinzhou People's Hospital), 251, Baizhang Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315040, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Zhang S, Bai X, Li F, Ni C, Li Y, Che N, Zhao N, Zhao X, Liu T. UTP23 Functions in Breast Cancer Progression and Predicts Poor Prognosis of Luminal a Breast Cancer. Clin Breast Cancer 2024; 24:e20-e30.e6. [PMID: 37880005 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2023.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Luminal A breast cancer is the most common molecular subtype of breast cancer. Exploring biomarkers to identify luminal A breast cancer patients at high risk of recurrence and metastasis has important clinical significance. UTP23 is a component of ribosomal small-subunit processome, which is involved in ribosome synthesis and RNA maturation. The role of UTP23 in breast cancer has not been reported. METHODS TCGA-BRCA data, LinkedOmics, STRING, Metascape and ssGSEA were used to analyze UTP23 expression in breast cancer and evaluate prognosis. Quantitative real-time PCR, western blot and in vitro cell experiment were used to demonstrate the role of UTP23 in breast cancer. RESULTS UTP23 showed abnormally high expression in multiple cancers and was associated with poor prognosis. UTP23 was associated with T stage, lymph node metastasis, race, histological type, molecular subtypes and survival status in breast cancer. Importantly, UTP23 was significantly associated with poor OS in luminal A or early breast cancer, not in non-luminal A or advanced breast cancer. UTP23 expression was significantly correlated with immune cells infiltration. Enrichment analysis suggested that UTP23 might regulate cell cycle and cell division. Bioinformatics analysis showed DCAF13 might be downstream factor of UTP23. UTP23 expression promoted MCF-7 cells proliferation, migration and invasion possibly through regulating DCAF13 expression. CONCLUSIONS UTP23 may function in breast cancer progression. The elevated UTP23 may be a potential prognostic biomarker for luminal A or early breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sida Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoyu Bai
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fan Li
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunsheng Ni
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanlei Li
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Na Che
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiulan Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Tieju Liu
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
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10
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Scalia P, Williams SJ, Suma A, Carnevale V. The DTX Protein Family: An Emerging Set of E3 Ubiquitin Ligases in Cancer. Cells 2023; 12:1680. [PMID: 37443713 PMCID: PMC10340142 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Until recently, Deltex (DTX) proteins have been considered putative E3 ligases, based on the presence of an E3 RING domain in their protein coding sequence. The human DTX family includes DTX1, DTX2, DTX3, DTX3L and DTX4. Despite the fact that our knowledge of this class of E3-ubiquitin ligases is still at an early stage, our understanding of their role in oncogenesis is beginning to unfold. In fact, recently published studies allow us to define specific biological scenarios and further consolidate evidence-based working hypotheses. According to the current evidence, all DTX family members are involved in the regulation of Notch signaling, suggesting a phylogenetically conserved role in the regulation of this pathway. Indeed, additional evidence reveals a wider involvement of these proteins in other signaling complexes and cancer-promoting mechanisms beyond NOTCH signaling. DTX3, in particular, had been known to express two isoform variants (DTX3a and DTX3b). The recent identification and cloning of a third isoform variant in cancer (DTX3c), and its specific involvement in EphB4 degradation in cancer cells, sheds further light on this group of proteins and their specific role in cancer. Herein, we review the cumulative knowledge of this family of E3 Ubiquitin ligases with a specific focus on the potential oncogenic role of DTX isoforms in light of the rapidly expanding findings regarding this protein family's cellular targets and regulated signaling pathways. Furthermore, using a comparative and bioinformatic approach, we here disclose a new putative motif of a member of this family which may help in understanding the biological and contextual differences between the members of these proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierluigi Scalia
- ISOPROG-Somatolink EPFP Research Network, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA; 93100 Caltanissetta, Italy
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Stephen J. Williams
- ISOPROG-Somatolink EPFP Research Network, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA; 93100 Caltanissetta, Italy
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Antonio Suma
- Institute of Computational Molecular Science, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Vincenzo Carnevale
- Institute of Computational Molecular Science, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
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11
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Bhattacharya A. A fresh cup of DCAF: DCAF13 implicated in a neuromuscular disorder. Eur J Hum Genet 2023; 31:613-614. [PMID: 36991069 PMCID: PMC10250295 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-023-01340-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aniket Bhattacharya
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.
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12
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Wei S, Lu K, Xing J, Yu W. A multidimensional pan-cancer analysis of DCAF13 and its protumorigenic effect in lung adenocarcinoma. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22849. [PMID: 36884358 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201022rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
DCAF13 is a substrate recognition protein in the ubiquitin-proteasome system with oncogenic effects in several malignant tumors. However, it is unclear that the relationship between DCAF13 expression pattern and prognosis across different cancer types. Also unknown is the biological function or effects on the immune microenvironment of DCAF13. In this study, we parsed multiple public databases to explore the potential tumorigenic actions of DCAF13, including correlations with prognosis, microsatellite instability (MSI), tumor mutational burden (TMB), immune checkpoint genes, immune cell infiltration, and immunotherapy response in pan-cancer. Moreover, we validated DCAF13 expression in a tissue microarray by immunohistochemistry and investigate its effects in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that DCAF13 was upregulated in 17 cancer types and correlated with poor prognosis in many cancers. Also, the correlation between DCAF13 and TMB was found in 14 cancers as well as MSI in nine. The expression level of DCAF13 was found to be notably correlated with immune cell infiltration, showing a negative correlation with CD4 T cell infiltration and a positive correlation with neutrophil infiltration. The oncogene DCAF13 expression was shown to have a positive correlation with CD274 or ADORA2A and negative correlation with VSIR, TNFRSF4, or TNFRSF14 across large subsets of human cancers. Finally, we observed that DCAF13 was highly expressed in a tissue microarray of lung cancer. In immunocompromised mouse models, xenograft growth of human lung cancer cells was significantly inhibited by DCAF13 knockdown. Our results highlighted the value of DCAF13 as a promising independent predictor of poor prognosis through numerous biological processes. High DCAF13 expression often predicts suppressive immune microenvironment and immunotherapy resistance in a pan-cancer context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Wei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University (Ningbo Yinzhou People's Hospital), Ningbo, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaining Lu
- Department of Urology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Xing
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University (Ningbo Yinzhou People's Hospital), Ningbo, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanjun Yu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University (Ningbo Yinzhou People's Hospital), Ningbo, People's Republic of China
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13
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PGM5P3-AS1 regulates MAP1LC3C to promote cell ferroptosis and thus inhibiting the malignant progression of triple-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2022; 193:305-318. [PMID: 35325342 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-021-06501-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents an aggressive subtype of breast cancer characteristic of high recurrence rate and poor prognosis. According to previous studies and bioinformatics prediction, PGM5P3-AS1 has been found to be significantly down-regulated in TNBC cells. In addition, cell ferroptosis has become a hotspot in breast cancer research and TNBC has been reported to be more sensitive to ferroptosis than receptor positive breast cancer. Hence, we aim at exploring the molecular mechanism of PGM5P3-AS1 in TNBC cells and further explore whether PGM5P3-AS1 can inhibit TNBC progression via promoting cell ferroptosis. METHODS The expression of genes in TNBC cells was verified by RT-qPCR assay. Functional assays were taken to evaluate the impact PGM5P3-AS1 may exert on TNBC progression. The regulatory pattern of PGM5P3-AS1 on cell ferroptosis in TNBC was validated through mechanism assays. RESULTS PGM5P3-AS1 was proved to be down-regulated in TNBC cells and suppressed TNBC cell proliferation as well as migration. PGM5P3-AS1 promoted cell ferroptosis in TNBC by recruiting RNA-binding protein (RBP) NOP58 to stabilize MAP1LC3C mRNA, and thus inhibiting TNBC progression. CONCLUSION PGM5P3-AS1 regulated MAP1LC3C to promote cell ferroptosis and thus inhibiting the malignant progression of TNBC.
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Xu H, Liang S, Hu J, Liu W, Dong Z, Wei S. Deltex E3 ubiquitin ligase 3 inhibits colorectal cancer cell growth and regulates cell cycle progression via upregulating E2F transcription factor 1. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:1661-1668. [PMID: 35098394 PMCID: PMC8863771 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06916-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mortality rate of colorectal cancer (CRC) remains high in developing countries. Interventions that can inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells represent promising strategies in CRC treatment. Deltex E3 ubiquitin ligase 3 (DTX3) plays an essential role in tumor development and may predict the outcome of cancer patients. This study aimed to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of DTX3 in CRC progression. METHODS AND RESULTS The expression of DTX3 was significantly downregulated in CRC tissues relative to normal colorectal tissues. DTX3 overexpression inhibited, while DTX3 knockout promoted the colony-forming capacity and proliferation of CRC cells. E2F transcription factor 1 (E2F1) is a key mediator of cell cycle progression that participates in the progression, metastasis, and chemoresistance of CRC. Further analysis revealed that DTX3 regulated the transcriptional activity of E2F1 in CRC cells. The transcription by E2F1 was significantly reduced with the increase in the cellular level of DTX3, while DTX3 knockout exerted an opposite effect. DTX3 knockout also increased the expression of E2F1 target genes involved in cell cycle progression, CDC2 and Cyclin D3, while PD 0332991, an inhibitor of E2F1 transcription, inhibited the expression of both proteins. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, DTX3 regulated CRC cell growth via regulating E2F1 and its downstream genes. These findings support further exploration of DTX3 as a potential therapeutic target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Xu
- College of Biomedicine and Health, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Colorectal Cancer Medical Research Center of Hubei, Wuhan, China
| | - Shengnan Liang
- College of Biomedicine and Health, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Junjie Hu
- Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Colorectal Cancer Medical Research Center of Hubei, Wuhan, China
| | - Wentong Liu
- College of Biomedicine and Health, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiqiang Dong
- College of Biomedicine and Health, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Brain Research Institute, Taihe Hospital, Shiyan, China
| | - Shaozhong Wei
- College of Biomedicine and Health, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
- Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Colorectal Cancer Medical Research Center of Hubei, Wuhan, China.
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15
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Shan BQ, Wang XM, Zheng L, Han Y, Gao J, Lv MD, Zhang Y, Liu YX, Zhang H, Chen HS, Ao L, Zhang YL, Lu X, Wu ZJ, Xu Y, Che X, Heger M, Cheng SQ, Pan WW, Zhang X. DCAF13 promotes breast cancer cell proliferation by ubiquitin inhibiting PERP expression. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:1587-1600. [PMID: 35178836 PMCID: PMC9128170 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Evolutionarily conserved DDB1-and CUL4-associated factor 13 (DCAF13) is a recently discovered substrate receptor for the cullin RING-finger ubiquitin ligase 4 (CRL4) E3 ubiquitin ligase that regulates cell cycle progression. DCAF13 is overexpressed in many cancers, although its role in breast cancer is currently elusive. In this study we demonstrate that DCAF13 is overexpressed in human breast cancer and that its overexpression closely correlates with poor prognosis, suggesting that DCAF13 may serve as a diagnostic marker and therapeutic target. We knocked down DCAF13 in breast cancer cell lines using CRISPR/Cas9 and found that DCAF13 deletion markedly reduced breast cancer cell proliferation, clone formation, and migration both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, DCAF13 deletion promoted breast cancer cell apoptosis and senescence, and induced cell cycle arrest in the G1/S phase. Genome-wide RNAseq analysis and western blotting revealed that loss of DCAF13 resulted in both mRNA and protein accumulation of p53 apoptosis effector related to PMP22 (PERP). Knockdown of PERP partially reversed the hampered cell proliferation induced by DCAF13 knockdown. Co-immunoprecipitation assays revealed that DCAF13 and DNA damage-binding protein 1 (DDB1) directly interact with PERP. Overexpression of DDB1 significantly increased PERP polyubiquitination, suggesting that CRL4DCAF13 E3 ligase targets PERP for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. In conclusion, DCAF13 and the downstream effector PERP occupy key roles in breast cancer proliferation and potentially serve as prognostics and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Qian Shan
- College of Forest and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Xiao-Min Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing, 314001, China
| | - Li Zheng
- The Key Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314000, China
| | - Yao Han
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing, 314001, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing, 314001, China
| | - Meng-Dan Lv
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing, 314001, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing, 314001, China
| | - Yi-Xuan Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing, 314001, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing, 314001, China
| | - Hao-Sa Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing, 314001, China
| | - Lei Ao
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing, 314001, China
| | - Yin-Li Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Xiang Lu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, China
| | - Zhong-Jie Wu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing, 314001, China
| | - Xuan Che
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, affiliated with Women and Children Hospital, Jiaxing University, Zhejiang Province, Jiaxing, 314001, China
| | - Michal Heger
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Jiaxing Key Laboratory for Photonanomedicine and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing, 314001, China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Shu-Qun Cheng
- Department of Hepatic Surgery VI, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438, China.,G60 STI Valley Industry & Innovation Institute, Jiaxing University
| | - Wei-Wei Pan
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing, 314001, China.,G60 STI Valley Industry & Innovation Institute, Jiaxing University
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Forest and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
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16
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E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Regulators of Notch Receptor Endocytosis: From Flies to Humans. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12020224. [PMID: 35204725 PMCID: PMC8961608 DOI: 10.3390/biom12020224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Notch is a developmental receptor, conserved in the evolution of the metazoa, which regulates cell fate proliferation and survival in numerous developmental contexts, and also regulates tissue renewal and repair in adult organisms. Notch is activated by proteolytic removal of its extracellular domain and the subsequent release of its intracellular domain, which then acts in the nucleus as part of a transcription factor complex. Numerous regulatory mechanisms exist to tune the amplitude, duration and spatial patterning of this core signalling mechanism. In Drosophila, Deltex (Dx) and Suppressor of dx (Su(dx)) are E3 ubiquitin ligases which interact with the Notch intracellular domain to regulate its endocytic trafficking, with impacts on both ligand-dependent and ligand-independent signal activation. Homologues of Dx and Su(dx) have been shown to also interact with one or more of the four mammalian Notch proteins and other target substrates. Studies have shown similarities, specialisations and diversifications of the roles of these Notch regulators. This review collates together current research on vertebrate Dx and Su(dx)-related proteins, provides an overview of their various roles, and discusses their contributions to cell fate regulation and disease.
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17
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RNA-binding protein p54 nrb/NONO potentiates nuclear EGFR-mediated tumorigenesis of triple-negative breast cancer. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:42. [PMID: 35013116 PMCID: PMC8748691 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04488-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear-localized epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) highly correlates with the malignant progression and may be a promising therapeutic target for breast cancer. However, molecular mechanisms of nuclear EGFR in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) have not been fully elucidated. Here, we performed gene-annotation enrichment analysis for the interactors of nuclear EGFR and found that RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) were closely associated with nuclear EGFR. We further demonstrated p54nrb/NONO, one of the RBPs, significantly interacted with nuclear EGFR. NONO was upregulated in 80 paired TNBC tissues and indicated a poor prognosis. Furthermore, NONO knockout significantly inhibited TNBC proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, NONO increased the stability of nuclear EGFR and recruited CREB binding protein (CBP) and its accompanying E1A binding protein p300, thereby enhancing the transcriptional activity of EGFR. In turn, EGFR positively regulated the affinity of NONO to mRNAs of nuclear EGFR downstream genes. Furthermore, the results indicated that the nuclear EGFR/NONO complex played a critical role in tumorigenesis and chemotherapy resistance. Taken together, our findings indicate that NONO enhances nuclear EGFR-mediated tumorigenesis and may be a potential therapeutic target for TNBC patients with nuclear EGFR expression.
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18
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Yang M, Zhou Y, Deng H, Zhou H, Cheng S, Zhang D, He X, Mai L, Chen Y, Chen J. Ribosomal Protein L23 Drives the Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Upregulating MMP9. Front Oncol 2021; 11:779748. [PMID: 34926291 PMCID: PMC8677661 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.779748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths globally. Tumor metastasis is one of the major causes of high mortality of HCC. Identifying underlying key factors contributing to invasion and metastasis is critical to understand the molecular mechanisms of HCC metastasis. Here, we identified RNA binding protein L23 (RPL23) as a tumor metastasis driver in HCC. RPL23 was significantly upregulated in HCC tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues, and closely related to poor clinical outcomes in HCC patients. RPL23 depletion inhibited HCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and distant metastasis. Mechanistically, RPL23 directly associated with 3'UTR of MMP9, therefore positively regulated MMP9 expression. In conclusion, we identified that RPL23 might play an important role in HCC metastasis in an MMP9-dependent manner and be a potential therapeutic target for HCC tumorigenesis and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minli Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases Designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yujiao Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases Designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Haijun Deng
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases Designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongzhong Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shengtao Cheng
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases Designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dapeng Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases Designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin He
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases Designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Mai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Medical Examination Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Juan Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases Designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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19
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Sun Z, Zhou D, Yang J, Zhang D. Doxorubicin promotes breast cancer cell migration and invasion via DCAF13. FEBS Open Bio 2021; 12:221-230. [PMID: 34775691 PMCID: PMC8727929 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
DDB1 and CUL4 associated factor 13 (DCAF13) is a substrate receptor in the CUL4-DDB1 E3 ligase, and its expression is associated with the prognosis of certain cancers. In the present study, we report evidence that DCAF13 is aberrantly overexpressed in human breast cancer and its expression is positively associated with cancer progression. Further analysis showed that the DCAF13 expression level is significantly higher in triple-negative breast cancer compared to non-triple-negative breast cancer, indicating a positive correlation between its expression and the aggressiveness of breast cancer. Subsequent studies revealed that DCAF13 regulates cancer cell migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human breast cancer, whereas it has no significant impact on breast cancer cell proliferation, cell cycle progressionor apoptosis. Taken together, our results demonstrate that DCAF13 promotes the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human breast cancer cells, indicating an involvement in breast cancer metastasis. Furthermore, we report that doxorubicin, a widely used chemotherapy drug, increases DCAF13 expression in breast cancer cells, leading to enhanced cancer cell migration and invasion. These results suggest that doxorubicin chemotherapy may increase the risk of metastasis of drug-resistant breast cancer cells, and future therapeutics targeting DCAF13 may help reduce the risk, especially for patients undergoing chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoran Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Dongmei Zhou
- Graduate School of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Jinkui Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Daoyong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, China
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20
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Liu X, Xian Y, Xu H, Hu M, Che K, Liu X, Wang H. The associations between Deltex1 and clinical characteristics of breast cancer. Gland Surg 2021; 10:3116-3127. [PMID: 34926227 PMCID: PMC8637063 DOI: 10.21037/gs-21-739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deltex 1 (DTX1) is a single transmembrane protein with ubiquitin E3 ligase activity which has been found to play a role in the development of several cancers. We aimed to investigate the associations between DTX1 and breast cancer (BC). METHODS We explored the roles and mechanisms of DTX1 in BC by using BC cell lines in vitro. Levels of DTX1 in serum and tissues were determined in 316 patients with BC, 102 patients with fibroadenoma, and 113 healthy controls by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The associations between DTX1 and clinical characteristics of BC were analyzed using multivariate analysis and Cox regression survival analysis. RESULTS Lower levels of DTX1 promoted BC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. The cell growth and survival of BC might be regulated by DTX1 via the Notch signaling pathway. Levels of DTX1 in BC tissues were lower compared to fibroadenoma tissues and peri-neoplastic breast tissues (P<0.01). A lower level of DTX1 was shown to be associated with advanced tumor grade (P=0.017), advanced clinical stage (P=0.031), positive lymph node metastasis (LNM) (P=0.009), and high Ki-67 index (P=0.023). Lower DTX1 expression was recognized as an impact factor for metastasis-free survival (MFS) in BC. CONCLUSIONS Lower levels of DTX1 could promote BC cell proliferation and migration, and are associated with advanced BC. There is potential for DTX1 as a marker to assist the selection of new BC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Liu
- Breast Diseases Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuwei Xian
- Department of Ultrasonography, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongmei Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Meixiang Hu
- Department of Pathology, People’s Hospital of Qixia, Yantai, China
| | - Kui Che
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Thyroid Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiangping Liu
- Medical Research Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Haibo Wang
- Breast Diseases Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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21
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Shen J, Liu T, Lv J, Xu S. Identification of an Immune-Related Prognostic Gene CLEC5A Based on Immune Microenvironment and Risk Modeling of Ovarian Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:746932. [PMID: 34712666 PMCID: PMC8547616 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.746932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To understand the immune characteristics of the ovarian cancer (OC) microenvironment and explore the differences of immune-related molecules and cells to establish an effective risk model and identify the molecules that significantly affected the immune response of OC, to help guide the diagnosis. Methods: First, we calculate the TMEscore which reflects the immune microenvironment, and then analyze the molecular differences between patients with different immune characteristics, and determine the prognostic genes. Then, the risk model was established by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis and combined with clinical data into a nomogram for diagnosis and prediction. Subsequently, the potential gene CLEC5A influencing the immune response of OC was identified from the prognostic genes by integrative immune-stromal analysis. The genomic alteration was explored based on copy number variant (CNV) and somatic mutation data. Results: TMEscore was a prognostic indicator of OC. The prognosis of patients with high TMEscore was better. The risk model based on immune characteristics was a reliable index to predict the prognosis of patients, and the nomogram could comprehensively evaluate the prognosis of patients. Besides, CLEC5A was closely related to the abundance of immune cells, immune response, and the expression of immune checkpoints in the OC microenvironment. OC cells with high expression of CLEC5A increased the polarization of M2 macrophages. CLEC5A expression was significantly associated with TTN and CDK12 mutations and affected the copy number of tumor progression and immune-related genes. Conclusion: The study of immune characteristics in the OC microenvironment and the risk model can reveal the factors affecting the prognosis and guide the clinical hierarchical treatment. CLEC5A can be used as a potential key gene affecting the immune microenvironment remodeling of OC, which provides a new perspective for improving the effect of OC immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Shen
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingwei Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Lv
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaohua Xu
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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22
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Xiu M, Zeng X, Shan R, Wen W, Li J, Wan R. Targeting Notch4 in Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:7033-7045. [PMID: 34526819 PMCID: PMC8436177 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s315511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The dysregulation of Notch signaling is found in many cancers and is closely related to cancer progression. As an important Notch receptor, abnormal Notch4 expression affects several tumor-cell behaviors, including stemness, the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, radio/chemoresistance and angiogenesis. In order to inhibit the oncogenic effects of Notch4 activation, several methods for targeting Notch4 signaling have been proposed. In this review, we summarize the known molecular mechanisms through which Notch4 affects cancer progression. Finally, we discuss potential Notch4-targeting therapeutic strategies as a reference for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxi Xiu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China.,Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Zeng
- Imaging Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Renfeng Shan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wu Wen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Renhua Wan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
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23
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Wang L, Sun X, He J, Liu Z. Functions and Molecular Mechanisms of Deltex Family Ubiquitin E3 Ligases in Development and Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:706997. [PMID: 34513839 PMCID: PMC8424196 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.706997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination is a posttranslational modification of proteins that significantly affects protein stability and function. The specificity of substrate recognition is determined by ubiquitin E3 ligase during ubiquitination. Human Deltex (DTX) protein family, which functions as ubiquitin E3 ligases, comprises five members, namely, DTX1, DTX2, DTX3, DTX3L, and DTX4. The characteristics and functional diversity of the DTX family proteins have attracted significant attention over the last decade. DTX proteins have several physiological and pathological roles and are closely associated with cell signal transduction, growth, differentiation, and apoptosis, as well as the occurrence and development of various tumors. Although they have been extensively studied in various species, data on structural features, biological functions, and potential mechanisms of action of the DTX family proteins remain limited. In this review, recent research progress on each member of the DTX family is summarized, providing insights into future research directions and potential strategies in disease diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaodan Sun
- Postdoctoral Research Workstation, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Jingni He
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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