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Meng G, Duan H, Jia J, Liu B, Ma Y, Cai X. Alfalfa xenomiR-162 targets G protein subunit gamma 11 to regulate milk protein synthesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells. Anim Biosci 2024; 37:509-521. [PMID: 38271979 PMCID: PMC10915198 DOI: 10.5713/ab.23.0370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It was shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in milk protein synthesis. However, the post-transcriptional regulation of casein expression by exogenous miRNA (xeno-miRNAs) in ruminants remains unclear. This study explores the regulatory roles of alfalfa xeno-miR162 on casein synthesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMECs). METHODS The effects of alfalfa xenomiR-162 and G protein subunit gamma 11 (GNG11) on proliferation and milk protein metabolism of bMECs were detected by 5-Ethynyl-2'-Deoxyuridine (EdU) staining, flow cytometry, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and Western blot. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the targeting relationship between GNG11 and xenomiR-162. RESULTS Results showed that over-expression of xenomiR-162 inhibited cell proliferation but promoted apoptosis, which also up-regulated the expression of several casein coding genes, including CSN1S1, CSN1S2, and CSN3, while decreasing the expression of CSN2. Furthermore, the targeting relationship between GNG11 and xenomiR-162 was determined, and it was confirmed that GNG11 silencing also inhibited cell proliferation but promoted apoptosis and reduced the expression of casein coding genes and genes related to the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. CONCLUSION Alfalfa xenomiR-162 appears to regulate bMECs proliferation and milk protein synthesis via GNG11 in the mTOR pathway, suggesting that this xeno-miRNA could be harnessed to modulate CSN3 expression in dairy cows, and increase κ-casein contents in milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guizhi Meng
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021,
China
| | - Hongjuan Duan
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021,
China
| | - Jingying Jia
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021,
China
| | - Baobao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021,
China
| | - Yun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021,
China
| | - Xiaoyan Cai
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021,
China
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Dakilah I, Harb A, Abu-Gharbieh E, El-Huneidi W, Taneera J, Hamoudi R, Semreen MH, Bustanji Y. Potential of CDC25 phosphatases in cancer research and treatment: key to precision medicine. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1324001. [PMID: 38313315 PMCID: PMC10834672 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1324001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The global burden of cancer continues to rise, underscoring the urgency of developing more effective and precisely targeted therapies. This comprehensive review explores the confluence of precision medicine and CDC25 phosphatases in the context of cancer research. Precision medicine, alternatively referred to as customized medicine, aims to customize medical interventions by taking into account the genetic, genomic, and epigenetic characteristics of individual patients. The identification of particular genetic and molecular drivers driving cancer helps both diagnostic accuracy and treatment selection. Precision medicine utilizes sophisticated technology such as genome sequencing and bioinformatics to elucidate genetic differences that underlie the proliferation of cancer cells, hence facilitating the development of customized therapeutic interventions. CDC25 phosphatases, which play a crucial role in governing the progression of the cell cycle, have garnered significant attention as potential targets for cancer treatment. The dysregulation of CDC25 is a characteristic feature observed in various types of malignancies, hence classifying them as proto-oncogenes. The proteins in question, which operate as phosphatases, play a role in the activation of Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), so promoting the advancement of the cell cycle. CDC25 inhibitors demonstrate potential as therapeutic drugs for cancer treatment by specifically blocking the activity of CDKs and modulating the cell cycle in malignant cells. In brief, precision medicine presents a potentially fruitful option for augmenting cancer research, diagnosis, and treatment, with an emphasis on individualized care predicated upon patients' genetic and molecular profiles. The review highlights the significance of CDC25 phosphatases in the advancement of cancer and identifies them as promising candidates for therapeutic intervention. This statement underscores the significance of doing thorough molecular profiling in order to uncover the complex molecular characteristics of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibraheem Dakilah
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amani Harb
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Eman Abu-Gharbieh
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Waseem El-Huneidi
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jalal Taneera
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rifat Hamoudi
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammed H Semreen
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yasser Bustanji
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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Xu H, Xiao L, Chen Y, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Gao Y, Man S, Yan N, Zhang M. Effect of CDK7 inhibitor on MYCN-amplified retinoblastoma. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2023; 1866:194964. [PMID: 37536559 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2023.194964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Retinoblastoma (RB) is a common malignancy that primarily affects pediatric populations. Although a well-known cause of RB is RB1 mutation, MYCN amplification can also lead to the disease, which is a poor prognosis factor. Studies conducted in various tumor types have shown that MYCN inhibition is an effective approach to impede tumor growth. Various indirect approaches have been developed to overcome the difficulty of directly targeting MYCN, such as modulating the super enhancer (SE) upstream of MYCN. The drug used in this study to treat MYCN-amplified RB was THZ1, a CDK7 inhibitor that can effectively suppress transcription by interfering with the activity of SEs. The study findings confirmed the anticancer activity of THZ1 against RB in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. Therapy with THZ1 was found to affect numerous genes in RB according to the RNA-seq analysis. Moreover, the gene expression changes induced by THZ1 treatment were enriched in ribosome, endocytosis, cell cycle, apoptosis, etc. Furthermore, the combined analysis of ChIP-Seq and RNA-seq data suggested a potential role of SEs in regulating the expression of critical transcription factors, such as MYCN, OTX2, and SOX4. Moreover, ChIP-qPCR experiments were conducted to confirm the interaction between MYCN and SEs. In conclusion, THZ1 caused substantial changes in gene transcription in RB, resulting in inhibited cell proliferation, interference with the cell cycle, and increased apoptosis. The efficacy of THZ1 is positively correlated with the degree of MYCN amplification and is likely exerted by interfering with MYCN upstream SEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyue Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China; Research Laboratory of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Lirong Xiao
- Research Laboratory of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China; Research Laboratory of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yilin Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yuzhu Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Shulei Man
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Naihong Yan
- Research Laboratory of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China.
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Xu HB, Chen XZ, Wang X, Pan J, Yi-Zhuo Z, Zhou CH. Xihuang pill in the treatment of cancer: TCM theories, pharmacological activities, chemical compounds and clinical applications. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023:116699. [PMID: 37257709 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Xihuang pill as a famous traditional Chinese formula has long been used as an adjuvant therapy for cancer. AIM OF THE STUDY This study is aimed at summarizing recent advances in research of Xihuang pill's anti-cancer efficacies from the theoretical basis of traditional Chinese medicine, pharmacological activities, chemical components and its clinical application. MATERIALS AND METHODS The literature information was obtained from several authoritative databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI and Wan Fang before April 30, 2023. We also analyzed the representatively chemical compounds of Xihuang pill in vivo experiments using HPLC-Q/TOF-MS. RESULTS The present study indicated that Xihuang pill, a classic anti-tumor prescription, had efficacies of strengthening body resistance, clearing heat and detoxification, and promoting blood circulation for removing blood stasis. Modern basic researches showed that Xihuang pill played anti-cancer roles through inducing cancer cell apoptosis, inhibiting cell proliferation, migration, invasion and angiogenesis, improving immune function and tumor microenvironment, and regulating related signaling pathways. Its chemical components are primarily consisted of amino acids, terpenoids, fatty acids, fatty acid esters, phenolics, bile acids, bile pigments and volatile oil. Clinically, Xihuang pill, as an adjuvant drug for cancer treatment, was mostly combined with chemotherapy, which could prolong survival, enhance response rate, improve patients' life quality, regulate immune function and alleviate chemotherapy-induced toxicities. CONCLUSIONS This present study suggests that Xihuang pill may be a promising adjuvant therapy for cancer, and proposes the possibility of future research directions for Xihuang pill based on the current research status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bin Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xian-Zhen Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Pan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhao Yi-Zhuo
- Department of Pharmacy, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Chen-Hui Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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Javed A, Yarmohammadi M, Korkmaz KS, Rubio-Tomás T. The Regulation of Cyclins and Cyclin-Dependent Kinases in the Development of Gastric Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032848. [PMID: 36769170 PMCID: PMC9917736 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer predominantly occurs in adenocarcinoma form and is characterized by uncontrolled growth and metastases of gastric epithelial cells. The growth of gastric cells is regulated by the action of several major cell cycle regulators including Cyclins and Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), which act sequentially to modulate the life cycle of a living cell. It has been reported that inadequate or over-activity of these molecules leads to disturbances in cell cycle dynamics, which consequently results in gastric cancer development. Manny studies have reported the key roles of Cyclins and CDKs in the development and progression of the disease in either in vitro cell culture studies or in vivo models. We aimed to compile the evidence of molecules acting as regulators of both Cyclins and CDKs, i.e., upstream regulators either activating or inhibiting Cyclins and CDKs. The review entails an introduction to gastric cancer, along with an overview of the involvement of cell cycle regulation and focused on the regulation of various Cyclins and CDKs in gastric cancer. It can act as an extensive resource for developing new hypotheses for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aadil Javed
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory, Ege University, Izmir 35040, Turkey
- Correspondence: (A.J.); (T.R.-T.)
| | - Mahdieh Yarmohammadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 33817-74895, Iran
| | - Kemal Sami Korkmaz
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory, Ege University, Izmir 35040, Turkey
| | - Teresa Rubio-Tomás
- School of Medicine, University of Crete, 70013 Herakleion, Crete, Greece
- Correspondence: (A.J.); (T.R.-T.)
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Ng LY, Ma HT, Poon RYC. Cyclin A-CDK1 suppresses the expression of the CDK1 activator CDC25A to safeguard timely mitotic entry. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:102957. [PMID: 36717077 PMCID: PMC9986519 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.102957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin A and CDC25A are both activators of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs): cyclin A acts as an activating subunit of CDKs and CDC25A a phosphatase of the inhibitory phosphorylation sites of the CDKs. In this study, we uncovered an inverse relationship between the two CDK activators. As cyclin A is an essential gene, we generated a conditional silencing cell line using a combination of CRISPR-Cas9 and degron-tagged cyclin A. Destruction of cyclin A promoted an acute accumulation of CDC25A. The increase of CDC25A after cyclin A depletion occurred throughout the cell cycle and was independent on cell cycle delay caused by cyclin A deficiency. Moreover, we determined that the inverse relationship with cyclin A was specific for CDC25A and not for other CDC25 family members or kinases that regulate the same sites in CDKs. Unexpectedly, the upregulation of CDC25A was mainly caused by an increase in transcriptional activity instead of a change in the stability of the protein. Reversing the accumulation of CDC25A severely delayed G2-M in cyclin A-depleted cells. Taken together, these data provide evidence of a compensatory mechanism involving CDC25A that ensures timely mitotic entry at different levels of cyclin A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lau Yan Ng
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hoi Tang Ma
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Randy Y C Poon
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.
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Gupta A, Dagar G, Chauhan R, Sadida HQ, Almarzooqi SK, Hashem S, Uddin S, Macha MA, Akil ASAS, Pandita TK, Bhat AA, Singh M. Cyclin-dependent kinases in cancer: Role, regulation, and therapeutic targeting. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2023; 135:21-55. [PMID: 37061333 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Regulated cell division is one of the fundamental phenomena which is the basis of all life on earth. Even a single base pair mutation in DNA leads to the production of the dysregulated protein that can have catastrophic consequences. Cell division is tightly controlled and orchestrated by proteins called cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDKs), which serve as licensing factors during different phases of cell division. Dysregulated cell division is one of the most important hallmarks of cancer and is commonly associated with a mutation in cyclins and CDKs along with tumor suppressor proteins. Therefore, targeting the component of the cell cycle which leads to these characteristics would be an effective strategy for treating cancers. Specifically, Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) involved in cell cycle regulation have been identified to be overexpressed in many cancers. Many studies indicate that oncogenesis occurs in cancerous cells by the overactivity of different CDKs, which impact cell cycle progression and checkpoint dysregulation which is responsible for development of tumor. The development of CDK inhibitors has emerged as a promising and novel approach for cancer treatment in both solid and hematological malignancies. Some of the novel CDK inhibitors have shown remarkable results in clinical trials, such as-Ribociclib®, Palbociclib® and Abemaciclib®, which are CDK4/6 inhibitors and have received FDA approval for the treatment of breast cancer. In this chapter, we discuss the molecular mechanism through which cyclins and CDKs regulate cell cycle progression and the emergence of cyclins and CDKs as rational targets in cancer. We also discuss recent advances in developing CDK inhibitors, which have emerged as a novel class of inhibitors, and their associated toxicities in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashna Gupta
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dr B.R Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Gunjan Dagar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dr B.R Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ravi Chauhan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dr B.R Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Hana Q Sadida
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Research Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sara K Almarzooqi
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Research Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sheema Hashem
- Department of Human Genetics, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Muzafar A Macha
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Ammira S Al-Shabeeb Akil
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Research Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Tej K Pandita
- Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, Texas A&M College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ajaz A Bhat
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Research Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Mayank Singh
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dr B.R Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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SRSF10 stabilizes CDC25A by triggering exon 6 skipping to promote hepatocarcinogenesis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2022; 41:353. [PMID: 36539837 PMCID: PMC9764681 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02558-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alternative splicing (AS) events are extensively involved in the progression of diverse tumors, but how serine/arginine-rich splicing Factor 10 (SRSF10) behaves in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been sufficiently studied. We aimed to determine SRSF10 associated AS mechanisms and their effects on HCC progression. METHODS The expression of SRSF10 in HCC tissues was examined, and the in vitro and in vivo functions of SRSF10 were investigated. The downstream AS targets were screened using RNA sequencing. The interaction between SRSF10 protein and exclusion of cell division cycle 25 A (CDC25A) mRNA was identified using RNA immunoprecipitation and crosslinking immunoprecipitation q-PCR. The effects of SRSF10 on CDC25A posttranslational modification, subcellular distribution, and protein stability were verified through coimmunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, and western blotting. RESULTS SRSF10 was enriched in HCC tissues and facilitated HCC proliferation, cell cycle, and invasion. RNA sequencing showed that SRSF10 promotes exon 6 exclusion of CDC25A pre-mRNA splicing. As a crucial cell cycle mediator, the exon-skipped isoform CDC25A(△E6) was identified to be stabilized and retained in the nucleus due to the deletion of two ubiquitination (Lys150, Lys169) sites in exon 6. The stabilized isoform CDC25A(△E6) derived from AS had stronger cell cycle effects on HCC tumorigenesis, and playing a more significant role than the commonly expressed longer variant CDC25A(L). Interestingly, SRSF10 activated the carcinogenesis role of CDC25A through Ser178 dephosphorylation to cause nuclear retention. Moreover, CDC25A(△E6) was verified to be indispensable for SRSF10 to promote HCC development in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS We reveal a regulatory pattern whereby SRSF10 contributes to a large proportion of stabilized CDC25A(△E6) production, which is indispensable for SRSF10 to promote HCC development. Our findings uncover AS mechanisms such as CDC25A that might serve as potential therapeutic targets to treat HCC.
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Guo P, Zu S, Han S, Yu W, Xue G, Lu X, Lin H, Zhao X, Lu H, Hua C, Wan X, Ru L, Guo Z, Ge H, Lv K, Zhang G, Deng W, Luo C, Guo W. BPTF inhibition antagonizes colorectal cancer progression by transcriptionally inactivating Cdc25A. Redox Biol 2022; 55:102418. [PMID: 35932692 PMCID: PMC9356279 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
As the largest subunit of the nuclear remodeling factor complex, Bromodomain PHD Finger Transcription Factor (BPTF) has been reported to be involved in tumorigenesis and development in several cancers. However, to date, its functions and related molecular mechanisms in colorectal cancer (CRC) are still poorly defined and deserve to be revealed. In this study, we uncovered that, under the expression regulation of c-Myc, BPTF promoted CRC progression by targeting Cdc25A. BPTF was found to be highly expressed in CRC and promoted the proliferation and metastasis of CRC cells through BPTF specific siRNAs, shRNAs or inhibitors. Based on RNA-seq, combined with DNA-pulldown, ChIP and luciferase reporter assay, we proved that, by binding to -178/+107 region within Cdc25A promoter, BPTF transcriptionally activated Cdc25A, thus accelerating the cell cycle process of CRC cells. Meanwhile, BPTF itself was found to be transcriptionally regulated by c-Myc. Moreover, BPTF knockdown or inactivation was verified to sensitize CRC cells to chemotherapeutics, 5-Fluorouracil (5FU) and Oxaliplatin (Oxa), c-Myc inhibitor and cell cycle inhibitor not just at the cellular level in vitro, but in subcutaneous xenografts or AOM/DSS-induced in situ models of CRC in mice, while Cdc25A overexpression partially reversed BPTF silencing-caused tumor growth inhibition. Clinically, BPTF, c-Myc and Cdc25A were highly expressed in CRC tissues simultaneously, the expression of any two of the three was positively correlated, and their expressions were highly relevant to tumor differentiation, TNM staging and poor prognosis of CRC patients. Thus, our study indicated that the targeted inhibition of BPTF alone, or together with chemotherapy and/or cell cycle-targeted therapy, might act as a promising new strategy for CRC treatment, while c-Myc/BPTF/Cdc25A signaling axis is expected to be developed as an associated set of candidate biomarkers for CRC diagnosis and prognosis prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Guo
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cells, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Shijia Zu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China; China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shilong Han
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cells, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Wendan Yu
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cells, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Guoqing Xue
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cells, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Xiaona Lu
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cells, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Hua Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xinrui Zhao
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cells, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Haibo Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Chunyu Hua
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cells, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Xinyu Wan
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cells, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Liyuan Ru
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cells, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Ziyue Guo
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cells, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Hanxiao Ge
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cells, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Kuan Lv
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cells, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Guohui Zhang
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cells, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Wuguo Deng
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| | - Cheng Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China; China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Wei Guo
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cells, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China.
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Nong HB, Zhang YN, Bai YG, Zhang Q, Liu MF, Zhou Q, Shi ZH, Zeng GF, Zong SH. Adapalene Inhibits Prostate Cancer Cell Proliferation In Vitro and In Vivo by Inducing DNA Damage, S-phase Cell Cycle Arrest, and Apoptosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:801624. [PMID: 35273495 PMCID: PMC8902295 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.801624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: Prostate cancer is a well-known aggressive malignant tumor in men with a high metastasis rate and poor prognosis. Adapalene (ADA) is a third-generation synthetic retinoid with anticancer properties. We investigated the anti-tumor activity and molecular mechanisms of ADA in the RM-1 prostate cancer cell line in vivo and in vitro. Methods: The effects of ADA on cell proliferation were estimated using the CCK-8 and colony formation assays. The wound-healing assay and the Transwell assay were employed to examine the migratory capacity and invasiveness of the cells. Flow cytometry was utilized to evaluate the cell cycle and apoptosis, and Western blotting analysis was used to assess the expression of the associated proteins. Micro-CT, histomorphological, and immunohistochemical staining were used to assess the effects of ADA on bone tissue structure and tumor growth in a mouse model of prostate cancer bone metastasis. Result: ADA dramatically inhibited cell proliferation, migration, invasiveness, and induced S-phase arrest and apoptosis. ADA also regulated the expression of S-phase associated proteins and elevated the levels of DNA damage markers, p53, and p21 after ADA treatment, suggesting that the anti-tumor effect of ADA manifests through the DNA damage/p53 pathway. Furthermore, we observed that ADA could effectively inhibited tumor growth and bone destruction in mice. Conclusion: ADA inhibited prostate cancer cell proliferation, elicited apoptosis, and arrested the cell cycle in the S-phase. ADA also slowed the rate of tumor growth and bone destruction in vitro. Overall, our results suggest that ADA may be a potential treatment against prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Bin Nong
- Department of Spine Osteopathia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Ya-Nan Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Guangxi Biological Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yi-Guang Bai
- Department of Spine Osteopathia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Institute of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Hygiene of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Ming-Fu Liu
- Department of Spine Osteopathia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Guangxi Biological Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhuo-Hua Shi
- Department of Spine Osteopathia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Gao-Feng Zeng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Hygiene of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Shao-Hui Zong
- Department of Spine Osteopathia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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11
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Cheng X, Li D, Qi T, Sun J, Zhou T, Zheng WV. Objective to identify and verify the regulatory mechanism of DTNBP1 as a prognostic marker for hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep 2022; 12:211. [PMID: 34997064 PMCID: PMC8742032 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04055-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the overall survival of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients has been significantly improved, prognostic clinical evaluation remains a substantial problem owing to the heterogeneity and complexity of tumor. A reliable and accurate predictive biomarker may assist physicians in better monitoring of patient treatment outcomes and follow the overall survival of patients. Accumulating evidence has revealed that DTNBP1 plays functional roles in cancer prognosis. Therefore, the expression and function of DTNBP1in HCC was systematically investigated in our study. The expression and prognostic value of DTNBP1 were investigated using the data from Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) cohorts and clinical samples. A series of cellular function assays were performed to elucidate the effect of DTNBP1 on cellular proliferation, apoptosis and metastasis. Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment and Protein–protein interaction (PPI) network construction were performed to screen the genes with highest interaction scores with DTNBP1. Finally, the underlying mechanism was also analyzed using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and confirmed using RT-qPCR and western blotting. DTNBP1 was upregulated in many types of cancers, especially in HCC. The DTNBP1 expression levels is associated with clinicopathologic variables and patient survival status. The differential expression of DTNBP1 could be used to determine the risk stratification of patients with HCC. DTNBP1 deficiency inhibited cell proliferation and metastasis, but promoted cell apoptosis. Mechanistically, DTNBP1 regulated the cell cycle progression through affecting the expression of cell cycle-related genes such as CDC25A, CCNE1, CDK2, CDC20, CDC25B, CCNB1, and CDK1. DTNBP1, which regulates the cell cycle progression, may be used as a prognostic marker for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyi Cheng
- Intervention and Cell Therapy Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Dezhi Li
- Intervention and Cell Therapy Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiangyang Qi
- Ascentawits Pharmaceuticals, Ltd., Biomedical Innovation Industrial Park, No. 14 Jinhui Road, Jinsha Community, Kengzi Street, Pingshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Sun
- Intervention and Cell Therapy Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,ShenZhen Beike Biotechnology Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Zhou
- Intervention and Cell Therapy Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei V Zheng
- Intervention and Cell Therapy Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Hinds JW, Ditano JP, Eastman A. Inhibition of Protein Synthesis Induced by CHK1 Inhibitors Discriminates Sensitive from Resistant Cancer Cells. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2021; 4:1449-1461. [PMID: 34423276 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.1c00150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The DNA-damage-activated checkpoint protein CHK1 is required to prevent replication or mitosis in the presence of unrepaired DNA damage. Inhibitors of CHK1 (CHK1i) circumvent this checkpoint and enhance cell killing by DNA-damaging drugs. CHK1i also elicit single-agent cytotoxicity in a small subset of cell lines. Resolving the mechanisms underlying the single-agent activity may permit patient stratification and targeted therapy against sensitive tumors. Our recent comparison of three CHK1i demonstrated that they all inhibited protein synthesis only in sensitive cells. LY2606368, the most selective of these CHK1i, was used in the current study. Comparison across a panel of cell lines demonstrated that sensitive cells died upon incubation with LY2606368, whereas resistant cells underwent growth inhibition and/or cytostasis but failed to die. Sensitive cells exhibited inhibition of protein synthesis, elevated DNA damage, impaired DNA repair, and subsequently death. The consequence of CHK1 inhibition involved activation of cyclin A/CDK2 and MUS81, resulting in DNA damage. This damage led to activation of AMPK, dephosphorylation of 4E-BP1, and inhibition of protein synthesis. Inhibition of MUS81 prevented activation of AMPK, while inhibition of AMPK enhanced DNA repair and cell survival. The activation of AMPK may involve a combination of LKB1 and CaMKKβ. This study raises questions concerning the potential importance of the inhibition of protein synthesis in response to other drugs, alone or in combination with CHK1i. It also highlights the importance of clearly discriminating among growth inhibition, cytostasis, and cell death, as only the latter is likely to result in tumor regression.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Hinds
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology and Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03756, United States
| | - Jennifer P Ditano
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology and Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03756, United States
| | - Alan Eastman
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology and Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03756, United States
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