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Dhamodharan P, Pillai GG, Arumugam M. Identification of potential phytochemical inhibitors for the proven six chronic obstructive pulmonary disease biomarkers - A molecular dynamics study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-26. [PMID: 37811632 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2259490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
COPD is a multifactorial lung disease causing breathing difficulties in individuals and is becoming a major health concern worldwide. The unclear pathogenic mechanism and high mortality rate urge the development of drugs against this disease. In this study, around six COPD biomarkers identified from the preceding research through integrated gene expression analysis were taken as COPD target proteins. A total of 3307 phytocompounds were included in the COPD phytocompound library from 59 therapeutic plant sources. Furthermore, a crucial three-step virtual screening process (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion, respiratory nontoxicity, less harmful and nontoxic compound category) was implemented to filter the potential drug-like phytocompounds. As a result, 160 phytocompounds were filtered with desired Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion and Toxicity properties. The filtered 160 phytocompounds were docked against six COPD target proteins and the best-docked complexes were identified through visual inspection based on six unique parameters in SeeSAR. Furthermore, the best docked complexes were subjected to molecular dynamics simulation studies to assess the stability and conformational changes of the complexes. The presence of few amino acid residues within the crucial active, allosteric and catalytic sites of the six target proteins were revealed from the binding interaction types and major residual fluctuations from molecular docking and dynamic simulation studies respectively. This is indicative of the potential inhibitory activity of phytocompounds against the COPD biomarkers. Here we report the identified phytocompounds as a promising lead molecule for the six COPD biomarkers through in silico analysis opening new avenues in COPD pathogenesis and treatments.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavithra Dhamodharan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Mohanapriya Arumugam
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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王 小, 朱 洁, 高 雅, 吴 凡, 杨 勤, 童 佳, 张 星, 王 传, 吴 迪, 李 泽. [ Liuwei Buqi capsule modulates immune function by targeting multiple immune cell subsets in lung tissue of patients with COPD]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2021; 41:1492-1500. [PMID: 34755664 PMCID: PMC8586865 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2021.10.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the characteristics of immune cell subsets in the lung tissues of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and the mechanism of Liuwei Buqi capsule in modulating immune and inflammatory imbalance in COPD. METHODS We downloaded COPD-related single-cell RNA sequencing data from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and identified COPD immune cell subsets using the Seurat package in the R software to construct an immune cell subsets-differential genes network. The target genes and active ingredients of Liuwei Buqi capsule were obtained from the Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP), and the Liuwei Buqi capsule-immune cell subsets-target genes network was constructed by mapping the target genes to the differentially expressed genes in each immune cell subset. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis was performed to analyze significantly enriched pathways of the target genes, and the key genes involved in the top 20 pathways were identified. In a rat model of COPD, we investigated the effects of Liuwei Buqi capsule on pulmonary function, lung tissue pathology, serum levels of IL-1β, NF-κB, and TNF-α, and expressions of IKBα, JNK, c-JUN, and c-FOS proteins in the lung tissue. RESULTS A total of 18 immune-related cell subsets, including macrophages and alveolar macrophages, were identified in both COPD patients and healthy control subjects, and the patients with COPD showed significant changes the percentages of macrophages, cDC1, pDC, mast cells, T cells, and mature dendritic cells (P < 0.05). Liuwei Buqi capsules targeted multiple immune cell subsets, and the identified target genes were enriched mostly in such immune and inflammation-related signaling pathways as lipids and atherosclerosis, IL-17 signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, and TNF signaling pathway; the genes CXCL8, IL1B, JUN, NFKBIA, MAPK8, and FOS were the key genes involved in the significantly enriched pathways. In the rat models of COPD, treatment with Liuwei Buqi capsule significantly improved pulmonary function, alleviated lung pathologies, reduced serum levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and NF-κB (P < 0.05) and pulmonary expressions of JNK, c-JUN, and c-FOS (P < 0.01) protein, and increased pulmonary expression of IκBα (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Liuwei Buqi capsule may play an immunomodulatory role by targeting multiple immune cell subsets in the lung tissue of COPD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- 小乐 王
- 安徽中医药大学研究生院, 安徽 合肥 230012Graduate School, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - 洁 朱
- 安徽中医药大学中西医结合学院, 安徽 合肥 230012College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
- 安徽省中医药科学院中医呼吸病防治研究所, 安徽 合肥 230031Institute of Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
- 安徽省教育厅重点实验室中医药防治肺系重大疾病重点实验室, 安徽 合肥 230031Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Control of Major Diseases in Pulmonary System, Key Laboratory of Anhui Provincial Education Department, Hefei 230031, China
| | - 雅婷 高
- 安徽中医药大学研究生院, 安徽 合肥 230012Graduate School, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - 凡 吴
- 安徽中医药大学研究生院, 安徽 合肥 230012Graduate School, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - 勤军 杨
- 安徽中医药大学研究生院, 安徽 合肥 230012Graduate School, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - 佳兵 童
- 第一附属医院, 安徽 合肥 230031First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
- 安徽省中医药科学院中医呼吸病防治研究所, 安徽 合肥 230031Institute of Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
- 安徽省教育厅重点实验室中医药防治肺系重大疾病重点实验室, 安徽 合肥 230031Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Control of Major Diseases in Pulmonary System, Key Laboratory of Anhui Provincial Education Department, Hefei 230031, China
| | - 星星 张
- 第一附属医院, 安徽 合肥 230031First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
- 安徽省中医药科学院中医呼吸病防治研究所, 安徽 合肥 230031Institute of Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
- 安徽省教育厅重点实验室中医药防治肺系重大疾病重点实验室, 安徽 合肥 230031Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Control of Major Diseases in Pulmonary System, Key Laboratory of Anhui Provincial Education Department, Hefei 230031, China
| | - 传博 王
- 安徽省中医药科学院中医呼吸病防治研究所, 安徽 合肥 230031Institute of Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
- 安徽省教育厅重点实验室中医药防治肺系重大疾病重点实验室, 安徽 合肥 230031Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Control of Major Diseases in Pulmonary System, Key Laboratory of Anhui Provincial Education Department, Hefei 230031, China
- 安徽医科大学第二附属医院中医科, 安徽 合肥 230601Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - 迪 吴
- 安徽中医药大学研究生院, 安徽 合肥 230012Graduate School, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - 泽庚 李
- 第一附属医院, 安徽 合肥 230031First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
- 安徽省中医药科学院中医呼吸病防治研究所, 安徽 合肥 230031Institute of Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
- 安徽省教育厅重点实验室中医药防治肺系重大疾病重点实验室, 安徽 合肥 230031Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Control of Major Diseases in Pulmonary System, Key Laboratory of Anhui Provincial Education Department, Hefei 230031, China
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Deng M, Yin Y, Zhang Q, Zhou X, Hou G. Identification of Inflammation-Related Biomarker Lp-PLA2 for Patients With COPD by Comprehensive Analysis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:670971. [PMID: 34093570 PMCID: PMC8176901 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.670971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex and persistent lung disease and lack of biomarkers. The aim of this study is to screen and verify effective biomarkers for medical practice. Methods Differential expressed genes analysis and weighted co-expression network analysis were used to explore potential biomarker. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis and Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) analysis were used to explore potential mechanism. CIBERSORTx website was used to evaluate tissue-infiltrating immune cells. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to assess the concentrations of the Lp-PLA2 in serum. Results Ten genes were selected via combined DEGs and WGCNA. Furthermore, PLA2G7 was choose based on validation from independent datasets. Immune infiltrate and enrichment analysis suggest PLA2G7 may regulate immune pathway via macrophages. Next, Lp-PLA2(coded by PLA2G7 gene) level was upregulated in COPD patients, increased along with The Global Average of COPD (GOLD) stage. In additional, Lp-PLA2 level was significant correlate with FEV1/FVC, BMI, FFMI, CAT score, mMRC score and 6MWD of COPD patients. Finally, the predictive efficiency of Lp-PLA2 level (AUC:0.796) and derived nomogram model (AUC:0.884) in exercise tolerance was notably superior to that of the sit-to-stand test and traditional clinical features. Conclusion Lp-PLA2 is a promising biomarker for COPD patients and is suitable for assessing exercise tolerance in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Deng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Yin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Fourth Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Gang Hou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China
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