1
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Salehi R, J SJS, Burk RJ, Berthod A, Gündüz MG, Armstrong DW. Chiral superficially porous stationary phases for enantiomeric separation of condensed 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 251:116420. [PMID: 39208648 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
1,4-dihydropyridine (DHP) scaffold occupies a prominent position among all heterocyclic compounds owing to its versatile pharmacological properties, particularly its well-known calcium channel blocking activity. In the quest of developing new calcium channel blockers, fifty seven 5-oxo-hexahydroquinoline (HHQ) derivatives carrying DHP framework in a condensed ring system were recently synthesized as racemic mixtures. Due to their potential as drug candidates, enantiomers arising from the asymmetric center at the C-4 position of the HHQ ring were separated. Four modern columns packed with 2.7 µm superficially porous particles bonded with a chiral selector were used. The chiral selectors were three macrocyclic glycopeptide selectors: vancomycin, teicoplanin, and a macrocyclic derivative called nico. The fourth bonded selector was the dinitrobenzamido-tetrahydrophenanthrenyl derivative called Whelko. The four chromatographic modes were assayed with the mobile phase compositions: reversed phase with acetonitrile/buffer 30/70 %v/v, normal phase with hexane/ethanol 80/20 %v/v, and subcritical fluid chromatography with CO2/methanol 80/20 %v/v at 25 °C. The WhelkoShell column was the most effective in separating this set of 57 compounds. Several enantioresolution factors passed 20 with enantioselectivity ratios higher than 4. Molecular modeling showed that the compounds had a T-shape that fitted well the molecular structure of the WhelkoShell selector in the normal or subcritical modes. Additionally, seven compounds had a second chiral center. The NicoShell column was able to separate all four stereoisomers of these compounds in the reversed phase mode. The preparative production of pure enantiomers of these compounds would be straightforward using the WhelkoShell column in the subcritical mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Salehi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | | | - Ryan Jacob Burk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Alain Berthod
- Institute of Analytical Sciences, University of Lyon 1, CNRS, Villeurbanne 69100, France
| | - Miyase Gözde Gündüz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - Daniel W Armstrong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, TX 76019, USA; AZYP, LLC, Arlington, TX 76019, USA.
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2
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Kontrec D, Jurin M, Jakas A, Roje M. New Levan-Based Chiral Stationary Phases: Synthesis and Comparative HPLC Enantioseparation of (±)- trans-β-Lactam Ureas in the Polar Organic Mode. Molecules 2024; 29:2213. [PMID: 38792075 PMCID: PMC11124272 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In this paper, the preparation of three new polysaccharide-type chiral stationary phases (CSPs) based on levan carbamates (3,5-dimethylphenyl, 4-methylphenyl, and 1-naphthyl) is described. The enantioseparation of (±)-trans-β-lactam ureas 1a-h was investigated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on six different chiral columns (Chiralpak AD-3, Chiralcel OD-3, Chirallica PST-7, Chirallica PST-8, Chirallica PST-9, and Chirallica PST-10) in the polar organic mode, using pure methanol (MeOH), ethanol (EtOH), and acetonitrile (ACN). Apart from the Chirallica PST-9 column (based on levan tris(1-naphthylcarbamate), the columns exhibited a satisfactory chiral recognition ability for the tested trans-β-lactam ureas 1a-h.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mladenka Jurin
- Laboratory for Chiral Technologies, Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruder Bošković Institute, Bijenička Cesta 54, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.K.); (A.J.)
| | | | - Marin Roje
- Laboratory for Chiral Technologies, Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruder Bošković Institute, Bijenička Cesta 54, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.K.); (A.J.)
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3
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Seog DJH, van Kien N, Ryoo JJ. Amino alcohol-derived chiral stationary phases. Chirality 2023; 35:739-752. [PMID: 37144722 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
An updated minireview of chiral stationary phases (CSPs) based on amino alcohols is presented. In this minireview, we focused on amino alcohols as starting materials in preparation of chiral catalysts for asymmetric organic synthesis and CSPs for chiral separations. Among the various CSPs, we summarized the important developments and applications of the amino alcohol-based Pirkle-type CSPs, ligand exchange CSPs, α-amino acid-derived amino alcohol CSPs, and symmetric CSPs from their first appearance to the present day to propose ideas for the development of new CSPs with improved performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Jin Han Seog
- Department of Chemistry Education, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Nguyen van Kien
- Department of Chemistry Education, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jae Jeong Ryoo
- Department of Chemistry Education, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
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4
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Fernandes C, Ribeiro R, Pinto M, Kijjoa A. Absolute Stereochemistry Determination of Bioactive Marine-Derived Cyclopeptides by Liquid Chromatography Methods: An Update Review (2018-2022). Molecules 2023; 28:615. [PMID: 36677673 PMCID: PMC9867211 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclopeptides are considered as one of the most important classes of compounds derived from marine sources, due to their structural diversity and a myriad of their biological and pharmacological activities. Since marine-derived cyclopeptides consist of different amino acids, many of which are non-proteinogenic, they possess various stereogenic centers. In this respect, the structure elucidation of new molecular scaffolds obtained from natural sources, including marine-derived cyclopeptides, can become a very challenging task. The determination of the absolute configurations of the amino acid residues is accomplished, in most cases, by performing acidic hydrolysis, followed by analyses by liquid chromatography (LC). In a continuation with the authors' previous publication, and to analyze the current trends, the present review covers recently published works (from January 2018 to November 2022) regarding new cyclopeptides from marine organisms, with a special focus on their biological/pharmacological activities and the absolute stereochemical assignment of the amino acid residues. Ninety-one unreported marine-derived cyclopeptides were identified during this period, most of which displayed anticancer or antimicrobial activities. Marfey's method, which involves LC, was found to be the most frequently used for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Fernandes
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Madalena Pinto
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Anake Kijjoa
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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5
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Adhikari S, Bhujbal S, Paik MJ, Lee W. Enantioseparation and molecular modeling study of chiral amines as three naphthaldimine derivatives using amylose or cellulose trisphenylcarbamate chiral stationary phases. Chirality 2023; 35:29-39. [PMID: 36323631 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This study describes the enantioseparation of three chiral amines as naphthaldimine derivatives, using normal phase HPLC with amylose and cellulose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phases (CSPs). Three chiral amines were derivatized using three structurally similar naphthaldehyde derivatizing agents, and the enantioselectivity of the CSPs toward the derivatives was examined. The degree of enantioseparation and resolution was affected by the amylose or cellulose-derived CSPs and aromatic moieties as well as a kind of chiral amine. Especially, efficient enantiomer separation was observed for 2-hydroxynapthaldimine derivatives on cellulose-derived CSPs. Molecular docking studies of three naphthaldimine derivatives of leucinol on cellulose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) were performed to estimate the binding energies and conformations of the CSP-analyte complexes. The obtained binding energies were in good agreement with the experimentally determined enantioseparation and elution order.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraj Adhikari
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Swapnil Bhujbal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Man-Jeong Paik
- College of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, South Korea
| | - Wonjae Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea
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6
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Kaya C, Birgül K, Bülbül B. Fundamentals of chirality, resolution, and enantiopure molecule synthesis methods. Chirality 2023; 35:4-28. [PMID: 36366874 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The chirality of molecules is a concept that explains the interactions in nature. We may observe the same formula but different organizations revolving around the chiral center. Since Pasteur's meticulous observation of sodium ammonium tartrate crystals' structure, scientists have discovered many features of chiral molecules. The number of newly approved single enantiomeric drugs increases every year and takes place in the market. Thus, separation or resolution methods of racemic mixtures are of continued importance in the efficacy of drugs, installation of affordable production processes, and convenient synthetic chemistry practice. This article presents the asymmetric synthesis approaches and the classification of direct resolution methods of chiral molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cem Kaya
- Department of Pharmacy, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Altınbaş University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Kaan Birgül
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Bahçeşehir University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Bahadır Bülbül
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Düzce University, Düzce, Turkey
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7
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Chromatographic supports for enantioselective liquid chromatography: Evolution and innovative trends. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1684:463555. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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8
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Chao H, Qiu L, Zhou X, Cui P, Wang C, Hu H, Jiang P, Shi H, Xuan Y, Wang J. Separation of ofloxacin enantiomers by CE with fluorescence detection using DNA oligonucleotides as chiral selectors. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:2699-2707. [PMID: 35544319 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202200209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This study used CE with fluorescence detection- and partial-filling mode-based method for chiral separation of ofloxacin. The DNA oligonucleotides with different base sequences were studied as potential chiral selectors including DNA tetrahedron, G-quadruplex, and G-riched double-strand DNA. Under the optimized conditions, all the DNA chiral selectors exhibited excellent chiral separation capabilities with a resolution higher than 1.5. The electrophoretic behavior of the ofloxacin enantiomer might result from the intermediate conjugate with different stabilities between chiral selectors and analytes by a combination of the hydrogen bond and spatial recognition structure. Moreover, satisfactory repeatability regarding run-to-run and interday repeatability was obtained, and all the RSD values of migration times and resolutions were below 4% (n = 6). Conclusively, both spatial structure and arrangement of the G bases potentiated the chiral separation capability of DNA for ofloxacin enantiomer. This work offered a stepping stone for enantioseparation using DNA as chiral selectors. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hufei Chao
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, China
| | - Lin Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, China
| | - Xinpei Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, China
| | - Pengfei Cui
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, China
| | - Huaanzi Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, China
| | - Pengju Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, China
| | - Honglei Shi
- Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213017, P. R. China.,The Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213017, P. R. China
| | - Yang Xuan
- Key Lab of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116600, China
| | - Jianhao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, China
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9
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A perspective on enantioselective chromatography by comparing ultra-high performance supercritical fluid chromatography and normal-phase liquid chromatography through the use of a Pirkle-type stationary phase. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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10
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Li YS, Wang YT, Tseng WL, Lu CY. Peptide-based chiral derivatizing reagents in nano-scale liquid chromatography: Effect of the oxidation state of cysteine moiety on enantioseparation of ibuprofen. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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11
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Wang L, Lv W, Han S, Yu Q, Pei D, Xu J, Wang M, Gao G, Lv M. Preparation and chiral resolution properties of bridged bis(cyclodextrin)s hybrid spheres for high performance liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2021; 45:845-855. [PMID: 34931462 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Selenium-bridged bis(β-cyclodextrin)s organic-inorganic hybrid silica material with regular spherical shape as new type of chiral stationary phase was directly synthesized under the one-pot hydrothermal synthesis method, and the chiral stationary phase was further characterized by infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry, and elemental analysis. The results of chiral separation showed that eight chiral compounds including various types of chiral alcohols and flavanone were successfully separated in the reversed-phase separation mode by high performance liquid chromatography, which showed the better chiral resolution effect than that on the C2 position of single β-cyclodextrin. The mechanism of chiral separation was likely due to multiple interactions such as inclusion, hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interaction, dipole-dipole interaction, and the synergistic effect of two cyclodextrins during the chiral resolution process. The synergy of the two cyclodextrins has great potential for development in chiral resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Litao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, P. R. China
| | - Siqi Han
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, P. R. China
| | - Qinghua Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, P. R. China.,School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, P. R. China
| | - Dong Pei
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Meixia Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, P. R. China
| | - Guihua Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, P. R. China
| | - Mei Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, P. R. China
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12
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Ikai T, Okuda S, Yashima E. Macromolecular helicity induction and static helicity memory of poly(biphenylylacetylene)s bearing aromatic pendant groups and their use as chiral stationary phases for high-performance liquid chromatography. Chirality 2021; 34:306-316. [PMID: 34839544 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Two novel poly(biphenylylacetylene)s (PBPAs) bearing achiral alkylphenyl groups at the 4'-position of the biphenyl pendant through ester linkers with different sequences were synthesized by the rhodium-catalyzed polymerization of the corresponding monomers. The influence of the alkylphenyl pendants and the ester sequences on the macromolecular helicity induction and subsequent static helicity memory was investigated. In addition, the chiral recognition ability as chiral stationary phases for high-performance liquid chromatography of the helicity-memorized PBPAs was also examined. Both polymers formed almost perfect right- and left-handed helical conformations through noncovalent chiral interactions with enantiomeric alcohols, and their induced macromolecular helicities were completely retained ("memorized") after removal of the helix inducer. A PBPA bearing a 4-n-butylphenoxycarbonyl pendant group with a static helicity memory showed a remarkably high chiral recognition ability toward a wide variety of chiral aromatics, including simple point chiral compounds, axially chiral biaryls, a chiral spiro compound, helicenes, and planar chiral cyclophanes, particularly under the reversed-phase conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Ikai
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shogo Okuda
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Eiji Yashima
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
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13
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Strategies for Preparation of Chiral Stationary Phases: Progress on Coating and Immobilization Methods. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26185477. [PMID: 34576948 PMCID: PMC8472684 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Enantioselective chromatography is one of the most used techniques for the separation and purification of enantiomers. The most important issue for a specific successful enantioseparation is the selection of the suitable chiral stationary phase (CSP). Different synthetic approaches have been applied for the preparation of CSPs, which embrace coating and immobilization methods. In addition to the classical and broadly applied coating and immobilization procedures, innovating strategies have been introduced recently. In this review, an overview of different methods for the preparation of coated and immobilized CSPs is described. Updated examples of CSPs associated with the various strategies are presented. Considering that after the preparation of a CSP its characterization is fundamental, the methods used for the characterization of all the described CSPs are emphasized.
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14
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Recent developments in separation methods for enantiomeric ratio determination of amino acids specifically involved in cataract and Alzheimer's disease. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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15
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Abstract
Like many biological compounds, proteins are found primarily in their homochiral form. However, homochirality is not guaranteed throughout life. Determining their chiral proteinogenic sequence is a complex analytical challenge. This is because certain d-amino acids contained in proteins play a role in human health and disease. This is the case, for example, with d-Asp in elastin, β-amyloid and α-crystallin which, respectively, have an action on arteriosclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease and cataracts. Sequence-dependent and sequence-independent are the two strategies for detecting the presence and position of d-amino acids in proteins. These methods rely on enzymatic digestion by a site-specific enzyme and acid hydrolysis in a deuterium or tritium environment to limit the natural racemization of amino acids. In this review, chromatographic and electrophoretic techniques, such as LC, SFC, GC and CE, will be recently developed (2018–2020) for the enantioseparation of amino acids and peptides. For future work, the discovery and development of new chiral stationary phases and derivatization reagents could increase the resolution of chiral separations.
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16
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Zhao Y, Zhu X, Jiang W, Liu H, Wang J, Sun B. Natural and Artificial Chiral-Based Systems for Separation Applications. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2021; 53:27-45. [PMID: 34152894 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2021.1932408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Chiral separation has attracted much attention for basic research and industrial applications in analytical chemistry. Generally, chiral separations use natural or artificial chiral-based materials as adsorbents. To improve the precision and efficiency of chiral separation, focus has shifted from natural and synthetic adsorbents to binary combinations of materials. This review specifically summarizes the significant advancements made in natural and artificial chiral adsorbents as promising candidates for diverse drug and biomolecule separation applications as well as the remaining drawbacks and challenges for research on chiral separations. The mechanisms of chiral-based recognition and separation and history and development of natural and artificial chiral-based systems are the focus of this review. Future directions in natural and artificial chiral-based systems for practical separations and other applications are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuecheng Zhu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Huilin Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Baoguo Sun
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
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17
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Papp LA, Hancu G, Kelemen H, Tóth G. Chiral separation in the class of proton pump inhibitors by chromatographic and electromigration techniques: An overview. Electrophoresis 2021; 42:1761-1789. [PMID: 34004039 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are benzimidazole-derivative chiral sulfoxides, frequently used in the treatment of gastric hyperacidity-related disorders. Due to their stereoselective metabolism, the eutomeric forms of PPIs can present a more advantageous pharmacokinetic profile by comparison with the distomers or racemates. Moreover, two representatives of the class are used in therapy both as racemates and as pure enantiomers (esomeprazole, dexlansoprazole). A relatively large number of enantioseparation methods employed for the stereoselective determination of PPIs from pharmaceutical, biological, and environmental matrices were published in the past three decades. The purpose of the current overview is to provide a systematic survey of the available chiral separation methods published since the introduction of PPIs in the therapy up to the present. Analytical and bioanalytical methods using different chromatographic and electromigration techniques reported for the enantioseparation of omeprazole, lansoprazole, pantoprazole, rabeprazole, ilaprazole, and tenatoprazole are included. The analytical conditions of the presented methods are summarized in three comprehensive tables, while a critical discussion of the applied techniques, possible mechanism of enantiorecognition, and future perspectives on the topic are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lajos Attila Papp
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, "George Emil Palade" University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Gabriel Hancu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, "George Emil Palade" University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Hajnal Kelemen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, "George Emil Palade" University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Gergő Tóth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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18
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Phyo YZ, Teixeira J, Gonçalves R, Palmeira A, Tiritan ME, Bousbaa H, Pinto MMM, Fernandes C, Kijjoa A. Chiral derivatives of xanthones and benzophenones: Synthesis, enantioseparation, molecular docking, and tumor cell growth inhibition studies. Chirality 2021; 33:153-166. [PMID: 33448056 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
AbstractLiquid chromatography enantioseparation and determination of enantiomeric purity of synthetized xanthone and benzophenone derivatives comprising one or more chiral moieties are reported. High enantioselectivity and resolution were observed in (S,S)‐Whelk‐O1 chiral stationary phase (CSP) for the enantiomeric mixtures of compounds comprising an aromatic ring linked to the stereogenic center(s), with α values ranging from 1.35 to 4.15 and Rs values ranging from 2.22 to 13.87. Among all the tested enantiomeric mixtures, those comprising three chiral moieties positioned in the xanthone scaffold gave the best chromatographic results. Enantiomers comprising an alkyl chain linked to the stereogenic centers were enantioseparated on a Lux® Celullose‐2 CSP. For both CSPs, the elution was performed in polar organic mode. The enantiomeric ratio (e.r.) values were always higher than 99%. Additionally, assessment of chiral recognition mechanisms on (S,S)‐Whelk‐O1 CSP was performed by molecular docking approach, which are in accordance with the chromatographic parameters. The nature and number of chiral moieties in the central aromatic scaffold of either xanthone or benzophenone derivatives are proved to be crucial for enantiorecognition. The evaluation of the growth inhibition of human tumor cell lines revealed that (S,S)‐(+)‐5 was the most potent compound, with values of GI50 of 12.83 ± 2.09 μM for A375‐C5 melanoma, 12.40 ± 1.16 μM for MCF‐7 breast adenocarcinoma, and 13.06 ± 1.29 μM for NCI‐H460 non‐small cell lung cancer. In some cases, the growth inhibitory effects demonstrated to be dependent on the stereochemistry of the compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye' Zaw Phyo
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Joana Teixeira
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Matosinhos, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Gonçalves
- Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde (IINFACTS), Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário, Gandra, Portugal
| | - Andreia Palmeira
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Matosinhos, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Elizabeth Tiritan
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Matosinhos, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde (IINFACTS), Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário, Gandra, Portugal
| | - Hassan Bousbaa
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Matosinhos, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde (IINFACTS), Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário, Gandra, Portugal
| | - Madalena M M Pinto
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Matosinhos, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Fernandes
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Matosinhos, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Porto, Portugal
| | - Anake Kijjoa
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Matosinhos, Portugal
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19
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Zhao Y, Zhu X, Jiang W, Liu H, Sun B. Chiral Recognition for Chromatography and Membrane-Based Separations: Recent Developments and Future Prospects. Molecules 2021; 26:1145. [PMID: 33669919 PMCID: PMC7924630 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26041145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
With the rapid development of global industry and increasingly frequent product circulation, the separation and detection of chiral drugs/pesticides are becoming increasingly important. The chiral nature of substances can result in harm to the human body, and the selective endocrine-disrupting effect of drug enantiomers is caused by differential enantiospecific binding to receptors. This review is devoted to the specific recognition and resolution of chiral molecules by chromatography and membrane-based enantioseparation techniques. Chromatographic enantiomer separations with chiral stationary phase (CSP)-based columns and membrane-based enantiomer filtration are detailed. In addition, the unique properties of these chiral resolution methods have been summarized for practical applications in the chemistry, environment, biology, medicine, and food industries. We further discussed the recognition mechanism in analytical enantioseparations and analyzed recent developments and future prospects of chromatographic and membrane-based enantioseparations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Huilin Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, 11 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, China; (Y.Z.); (X.Z.); (W.J.); (B.S.)
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20
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Chiral chromatography method screening strategies: Past, present and future. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1638:461878. [PMID: 33477025 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.461878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Method screening is an integral part of chromatographic method development for the separation of racemates. Due to the highly complex retention mechanism of a chiral stationary-phase, it is often difficult, if not impossible, to device predefined method-development steps that can be successfully applied to a wide group of molecules. The standard approach is to evaluate or screen a series of stationary and mobile-phase combinations to increase the chances of detecting a suitable separation condition. Such a process is often the rate-limiting step for high-throughput analyses and purification workflows. To address the problem, several solutions and strategies have been proposed over the years for reduction of net method-screening time. Some of the strategies have been adopted in practice while others remained confined in the literature. The main objective of this review is to revisit, critically discuss and compile the solutions published over the last two decades. We expect that making the diverse set of solutions available in a single document will help assessing the adequacy of existing screening protocols in laboratories conducting chiral separation.
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21
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Franzini R, Pierini M, Mazzanti A, Iazzetti A, Ciogli A, Villani C. Molecular Recognition of the HPLC Whelk-O1 Selector towards the Conformational Enantiomers of Nevirapine and Oxcarbazepine. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010144. [PMID: 33375681 PMCID: PMC7796420 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of stereogenic elements is a common feature in pharmaceutical compounds, and affording optically pure stereoisomers is a frequent issue in drug design. In this context, the study of the chiral molecular recognition mechanism fundamentally supports the understanding and optimization of chromatographic separations with chiral stationary phases. We investigated, with molecular docking, the interactions between the chiral HPLC selector Whelk-O1 and the stereoisomers of two bioactive compounds, the antiviral Nevirapine and the anticonvulsant Oxcarbazepine, both characterized by two stereolabile conformational enantiomers. The presence of fast-exchange enantiomers and the rate of the interconversion process were studied using low temperature enantioselective HPLC and VT-NMR with Whelk-O1 applied as chiral solvating agent. The values of the energetic barriers of interconversion indicate, for the single enantiomers of both compounds, half-lives sufficiently long enough to allow their separation only at critically sub-ambient temperatures. The chiral selector Whelk-O1 performed as a strongly selective discriminating agent both when applied as a chiral stationary phase (CSP) in HPLC and as CSA in NMR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Franzini
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, “Department of Excellence 2018−2022”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.P.); (A.I.); (A.C.)
- Correspondence: (R.F.); (C.V.)
| | - Marco Pierini
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, “Department of Excellence 2018−2022”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.P.); (A.I.); (A.C.)
| | - Andrea Mazzanti
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”, Università di Bologna, V. Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Antonia Iazzetti
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, “Department of Excellence 2018−2022”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.P.); (A.I.); (A.C.)
| | - Alessia Ciogli
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, “Department of Excellence 2018−2022”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.P.); (A.I.); (A.C.)
| | - Claudio Villani
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, “Department of Excellence 2018−2022”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.P.); (A.I.); (A.C.)
- Correspondence: (R.F.); (C.V.)
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22
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Pinto MM, Fernandes C, Tiritan ME. Chiral Separations in Preparative Scale: A Medicinal Chemistry Point of View. Molecules 2020; 25:E1931. [PMID: 32326326 PMCID: PMC7221958 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25081931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Enantiomeric separation is a key step in the development of a new chiral drug. Preparative liquid chromatography (LC) continues to be the technique of choice either during the drug discovery process, to achieve a few milligrams, or to a scale-up during the clinical trial, needing kilograms of material. However, in the last few years, instrumental and technical developments allowed an exponential increase of preparative enantioseparation using other techniques. Besides LC, supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) and counter-current chromatography (CCC) have aroused interest for preparative chiral separation. This overview will highlight the importance to scale-up chiral separations in Medicinal Chemistry, especially in the early stages of the pipeline of drugs discovery and development. Few examples within different methodologies will be selected, emphasizing the trends in chiral preparative separation. The advantages and drawbacks will be critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalena M.M. Pinto
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (C.F.); (M.E.T.)
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Carla Fernandes
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (C.F.); (M.E.T.)
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Maria E. Tiritan
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (C.F.); (M.E.T.)
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde (IINFACTS), 4585-116 Gandra PRD, Portugal
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23
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Li Y, Lidskog A, Armengol‐Relats H, Pham TH, Favraud A, Nicolas M, Dawaigher S, Xiao Z, Ma D, Lindbäck E, Strand D, Wärnmark K. Enantiotopic Discrimination by Coordination‐Desymmetrized
meso
‐Ligands. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201902243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yutang Li
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis Department of ChemistryLund University Lund SE-22100 Sweden
| | - Anna Lidskog
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis Department of ChemistryLund University Lund SE-22100 Sweden
| | - Helena Armengol‐Relats
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis Department of ChemistryLund University Lund SE-22100 Sweden
| | - Thanh Huong Pham
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis Department of ChemistryLund University Lund SE-22100 Sweden
| | - Antoine Favraud
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis Department of ChemistryLund University Lund SE-22100 Sweden
| | - Maxime Nicolas
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis Department of ChemistryLund University Lund SE-22100 Sweden
| | - Sami Dawaigher
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis Department of ChemistryLund University Lund SE-22100 Sweden
| | - Zeyun Xiao
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis Department of ChemistryLund University Lund SE-22100 Sweden
| | - Dayou Ma
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis Department of ChemistryLund University Lund SE-22100 Sweden
| | - Emil Lindbäck
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis Department of ChemistryLund University Lund SE-22100 Sweden
- Present address: Department of Chemistry Bioscience and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Stavanger Stavanger NO-4036 Norway
| | - Daniel Strand
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis Department of ChemistryLund University Lund SE-22100 Sweden
| | - Kenneth Wärnmark
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis Department of ChemistryLund University Lund SE-22100 Sweden
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24
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25
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Phyo YZ, Teixeira J, Tiritan ME, Cravo S, Palmeira A, Gales L, Silva AMS, Pinto MMM, Kijjoa A, Fernandes C. New chiral stationary phases for liquid chromatography based on small molecules: Development, enantioresolution evaluation and chiral recognition mechanisms. Chirality 2019; 32:81-97. [PMID: 31725938 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Recently, we reported the development of new chiral stationary phases (CSPs) for liquid chromatography (LC) based on chiral derivatives of xanthones (CDXs). Based on the most promising CDX selectors, 12 new CSPs were successfully prepared starting from suitable functionalized small molecules including xanthone and benzophenone derivatives. The chiral selectors comprising one, two, three, or four chiral moieties were covalently bonded to a chromatographic support and further packed into LC stainless-steel columns (150 × 2.1 mm I.D.). The enantioselective performance of the new CSPs was evaluated by LC using different classes of chiral compounds. Specificity for enantioseparation of some CDXs was observed in the evaluation of the new CSPs. Besides, assessment of chiral recognition mechanisms was performed by computational studies using molecular docking approach, which are in accordance with the chromatographic parameters. X-Ray analysis was used to establish a chiral selector 3D structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye' Zaw Phyo
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, CIIMAR, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Joana Teixeira
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Elizabeth Tiritan
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, CIIMAR, Matosinhos, Portugal.,Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Porto, Portugal.,CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde (IINFACTS), Gandra, PRD, Portugal
| | - Sara Cravo
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, CIIMAR, Matosinhos, Portugal.,Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Palmeira
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, CIIMAR, Matosinhos, Portugal.,Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Gales
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto, Portugal
| | - Artur M S Silva
- QOPNA & LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Madalena M M Pinto
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, CIIMAR, Matosinhos, Portugal.,Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Porto, Portugal
| | - Anake Kijjoa
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, CIIMAR, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Carla Fernandes
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, CIIMAR, Matosinhos, Portugal.,Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Porto, Portugal
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26
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Chiral recognition in separation sciences. Part II: Macrocyclic glycopeptide, donor-acceptor, ion-exchange, ligand-exchange and micellar selectors. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.115628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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27
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Yu RB, Quirino JP. Chiral liquid chromatography and capillary electrochromatography: Trends from 2017 to 2018. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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28
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Enantioseparation, recognition mechanisms and binding of xanthones on human serum albumin by liquid chromatography. Bioanalysis 2019; 11:1255-1274. [PMID: 31298568 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2019-0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To develop a method for enantioseparation of several chiral derivatives of xanthones (CDXs) by LC using a human serum albumin-chiral stationary phase (HSA-CSP) and screening CDX-HSA affinity. Additionally, recognition mechanisms were investigated. Materials & methods: The influence of organic modifier, buffer type, pH and ionic strength of mobile phase, and temperature were explored. The affinity was determined by measuring the retention times and further calculation of bound percentage. Chiral recognition mechanisms were investigated by docking. Results: Enantioselectivity and resolution values ranged from 1.40 to 9.16 and 1.51 to 4.97. Bound percentages ranged from 79.02 to 99.99%. Conclusion: LC systematic study and binding affinity of CDXs on HSA-CSP are presented here for the first time, expanding the applications of HSA-CSP for this class of compounds.
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29
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Teixeira J, Tiritan ME, Pinto MMM, Fernandes C. Chiral Stationary Phases for Liquid Chromatography: Recent Developments. Molecules 2019; 24:E865. [PMID: 30823495 PMCID: PMC6429359 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24050865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The planning and development of new chiral stationary phases (CSPs) for liquid chromatography (LC) are considered as continuous and evolutionary issues since the introduction of the first CSP in 1938. The main objectives of the development strategies were to attempt the improvement of the chromatographic enantioresolution performance of the CSPs as well as enlarge their versatility and range of applications. Additionally, the transition to ultra-high-performance LC were underscored. The most recent strategies have comprised the introduction of new chiral selectors, the use of new materials as chromatographic supports or the reduction of its particle size, and the application of different synthetic approaches for preparation of CSPs. This review gathered the most recent developments associated to the different types of CSPs providing an overview of the relevant advances that are arising on LC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Teixeira
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Maria Elizabeth Tiritan
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
- Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde (IINFACTS), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra PRD, Portugal.
| | - Madalena M M Pinto
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Carla Fernandes
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
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30
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Knežević A, Novak J, Vinković V. New Brush-Type Chiral Stationary Phases for Enantioseparation of Pharmaceutical Drugs. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24040823. [PMID: 30823585 PMCID: PMC6412842 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24040823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of chirality in drug development is unquestionable, with chiral liquid chromatography (LC) being the most adequate technique for its analysis. Among the various types of chiral stationary phases (CSPs) for LC, brush-type CSPs provide the base for interaction analysis of CSPs and enantiomers, which provide valuable results that can be applied to interaction studies of other CSP types. In order to analyze the influence of aromatic interactions in chiral recognition, we designed a set of ten new brush-type CSPs based on (S)-N-(1-aryl-propyl)-3,5-dinitrobenzamides which differ in the aromatic unit directly linked to the chiral center. Thirty diverse racemates, including several nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and 3-hydroxybenzodiazepine drugs, were used to evaluate the prepared CSPs. Chromatographic analysis showed that the three new CSPs separate enantiomers of a wide range of compounds and their chromatographic behavior is comparable to the most versatile brush-type CSP—Whelk-O1. The critical role of the nonbonding interactions in positioning of the analyte (naproxen) in the cleft of CSP-6, as well as the analysis of interactions that make enantioseparation possible, were elucidated using computational methods. Furthermore, the influence of acetic acid as a mobile phase additive, on this enantiorecognition process was corroborated by calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamarija Knežević
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.
| | - Jurica Novak
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.
- South Ural State University, 20-A, Tchaikovsky Str., Chelyabinsk 454080, Russia.
| | - Vladimir Vinković
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.
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Fernandes C, Carraro ML, Ribeiro J, Araújo J, Tiritan ME, Pinto MMM. Synthetic Chiral Derivatives of Xanthones: Biological Activities and Enantioselectivity Studies. Molecules 2019; 24:E791. [PMID: 30813236 PMCID: PMC6412826 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24040791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many naturally occurring xanthones are chiral and present a wide range of biological and pharmacological activities. Some of them have been exhaustively studied and subsequently, obtained by synthesis. In order to obtain libraries of compounds for structure activity relationship (SAR) studies as well as to improve the biological activity, new bioactive analogues and derivatives inspired in natural prototypes were synthetized. Bioactive natural xanthones compromise a large structural multiplicity of compounds, including a diversity of chiral derivatives. Thus, recently an exponential interest in synthetic chiral derivatives of xanthones (CDXs) has been witnessed. The synthetic methodologies can afford structures that otherwise could not be reached within the natural products for biological activity and SAR studies. Another reason that justifies this trend is that both enantiomers can be obtained by using appropriate synthetic pathways, allowing the possibility to perform enantioselectivity studies. In this work, a literature review of synthetic CDXs is presented. The structures, the approaches used for their synthesis and the biological activities are described, emphasizing the enantioselectivity studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Fernandes
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Maria Letícia Carraro
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - João Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Joana Araújo
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Maria Elizabeth Tiritan
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
- Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde (IINFACTS), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra PRD, Portugal.
| | - Madalena M M Pinto
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
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Peluso P, Dessì A, Dallocchio R, Mamane V, Cossu S. Recent studies of docking and molecular dynamics simulation for liquid-phase enantioseparations. Electrophoresis 2019; 40:1881-1896. [PMID: 30710444 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Liquid-phase enantioseparations have been fruitfully applied in several fields of science. Various applications along with technical and theoretical advancements contributed to increase significantly the knowledge in this area. Nowadays, chromatographic techniques, in particular HPLC on chiral stationary phase, are considered as mature technologies. In the last thirty years, CE has been also recognized as one of the most versatile technique for analytical scale separation of enantiomers. Despite the huge number of papers published in these fields, understanding mechanistic details of the stereoselective interaction between selector and selectand is still an open issue, in particular for high-molecular weight chiral selectors like polysaccharide derivatives. With the ever growing improvement of computer facilities, hardware and software, computational techniques have become a basic tool in enantioseparation science. In this field, molecular docking and dynamics simulations proved to be extremely adaptable to model and visualize at molecular level the spatial proximity of interacting molecules in order to predict retention, selectivity, enantiomer elution order, and profile noncovalent interaction patterns underlying the recognition process. On this basis, topics and trends in using docking and molecular dynamics as theoretical complement of experimental LC and CE chiral separations are described herein. The basic concepts of these computational strategies and seminal studies performed over time are presented, with a specific focus on literature published between 2015 and November 2018. A systematic compilation of all published literature has not been attempted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Peluso
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare ICB CNR - Sede Secondaria di Sassari, Sassari, Sardegna, Italy
| | - Alessandro Dessì
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare ICB CNR - Sede Secondaria di Sassari, Sassari, Sardegna, Italy
| | - Roberto Dallocchio
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare ICB CNR - Sede Secondaria di Sassari, Sassari, Sardegna, Italy
| | - Victor Mamane
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, Alsace, France
| | - Sergio Cossu
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi DSMN, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, Mestre Venezia, Veneto, Italy
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Ribeiro J, Veloso C, Fernandes C, Tiritan ME, Pinto MMM. Carboxyxanthones: Bioactive Agents and Molecular Scaffold for Synthesis of Analogues and Derivatives. Molecules 2019; 24:E180. [PMID: 30621303 PMCID: PMC6337274 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Xanthones represent a structurally diverse group of compounds with a broad range of biological and pharmacological activities, depending on the nature and position of various substituents in the dibenzo-γ-pyrone scaffold. Among the large number of natural and synthetic xanthone derivatives, carboxyxanthones are very interesting bioactive compounds as well as important chemical substrates for molecular modifications to obtain new derivatives. A remarkable example is 5,6-dimethylxanthone-4-acetic acid (DMXAA), a simple carboxyxanthone derivative, originally developed as an anti-tumor agent and the first of its class to enter phase III clinical trials. From DMXAA new bioactive analogues and derivatives were also described. In this review, a literature survey covering the report on carboxyxanthone derivatives is presented, emphasizing their biological activities as well as their application as suitable building blocks to obtain new bioactive derivatives. The data assembled in this review intends to highlight the therapeutic potential of carboxyxanthone derivatives and guide the design for new bioactive xanthone derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Cláudia Veloso
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Carla Fernandes
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Maria Elizabeth Tiritan
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
- Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde (IINFACTS), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra PRD, Portugal.
| | - Madalena M M Pinto
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
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Žuvela P, Skoczylas M, Jay Liu J, Ba Czek T, Kaliszan R, Wong MW, Buszewski B, Héberger K. Column Characterization and Selection Systems in Reversed-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. Chem Rev 2019; 119:3674-3729. [PMID: 30604951 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) is the most popular chromatographic mode, accounting for more than 90% of all separations. HPLC itself owes its immense popularity to it being relatively simple and inexpensive, with the equipment being reliable and easy to operate. Due to extensive automation, it can be run virtually unattended with multiple samples at various separation conditions, even by relatively low-skilled personnel. Currently, there are >600 RP-HPLC columns available to end users for purchase, some of which exhibit very large differences in selectivity and production quality. Often, two similar RP-HPLC columns are not equally suitable for the requisite separation, and to date, there is no universal RP-HPLC column covering a variety of analytes. This forces analytical laboratories to keep a multitude of diverse columns. Therefore, column selection is a crucial segment of RP-HPLC method development, especially since sample complexity is constantly increasing. Rationally choosing an appropriate column is complicated. In addition to the differences in the primary intermolecular interactions with analytes of the dispersive (London) type, individual columns can also exhibit a unique character owing to specific polar, hydrogen bond, and electron pair donor-acceptor interactions. They can also vary depending on the type of packing, amount and type of residual silanols, "end-capping", bonding density of ligands, and pore size, among others. Consequently, the chromatographic performance of RP-HPLC systems is often considerably altered depending on the selected column. Although a wide spectrum of knowledge is available on this important subject, there is still a lack of a comprehensive review for an objective comparison and/or selection of chromatographic columns. We aim for this review to be a comprehensive, authoritative, critical, and easily readable monograph of the most relevant publications regarding column selection and characterization in RP-HPLC covering the past four decades. Future perspectives, which involve the integration of state-of-the-art molecular simulations (molecular dynamics or Monte Carlo) with minimal experiments, aimed at nearly "experiment-free" column selection methodology, are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petar Žuvela
- Department of Chemistry , National University of Singapore , Singapore 117543 , Singapore
| | - Magdalena Skoczylas
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Center for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies , Nicolaus Copernicus University , Wileńska 4 , 87-100 Toruń , Poland
| | - J Jay Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Pukyong National University , 365 Sinseon-ro , Nam-gu, 48-513 Busan , Korea
| | | | | | - Ming Wah Wong
- Department of Chemistry , National University of Singapore , Singapore 117543 , Singapore
| | - Bogusław Buszewski
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Center for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies , Nicolaus Copernicus University , Wileńska 4 , 87-100 Toruń , Poland
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Abstract
Stereospecific recognition of chiral molecules plays an important role in nature as the basis of the interaction of chiral bioactive compounds with the chiral target structures. In separation sciences such as chromatographic and capillary electromigration techniques, interactions between chiral analytes and chiral selectors, i.e., the formation of transient diastereomeric complexes in thermodynamic equilibria, are the basis for chiral separations. Due to the large structural variety of chiral selectors, different structural features contribute to the overall chiral recognition process. This introductory chapter briefly summarizes the present understanding of the structural enantioselective recognition processes for various types of chiral selectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard K E Scriba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Jena, Jena, Germany.
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Silva B, Pereira JA, Cravo S, Araújo AM, Fernandes C, Pinto MMM, de Pinho PG, Remião F. Multi-milligram resolution and determination of absolute configuration of pentedrone and methylone enantiomers. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1100-1101:158-164. [PMID: 30336346 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The enantioresolution of pentedrone and methylone was carried out at a multi-milligram scale by liquid chromatography on a Chiralpak AS® stationary phase. The excellent enantioresolution using this column allowed to collect highly pure enantiomeric fractions, achieving enantiomeric ratios higher than 98%. An overall recovery of 72% was achieved for pentedrone enantiomers and 80% for methylone. Furthermore, the absolute configuration of the enantiomers of both cathinones was determined for the first time by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectroscopy, with the aid of theoretical calculations, as (+)‑(S) and (-)‑(R)-pentedrone, and (-)‑(S) and (+)‑(R)‑methylone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Silva
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - José A Pereira
- ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Sara Cravo
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Ana Margarida Araújo
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Fernandes
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Madalena M M Pinto
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Paula Guedes de Pinho
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Remião
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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Phyo YZ, Ribeiro J, Fernandes C, Kijjoa A, Pinto MMM. Marine Natural Peptides: Determination of Absolute Configuration Using Liquid Chromatography Methods and Evaluation of Bioactivities. Molecules 2018; 23:E306. [PMID: 29385101 PMCID: PMC6017543 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decades, many naturally occurring peptides have attracted the attention of medicinal chemists due to their promising applicability as pharmaceuticals or as models for drugs used in therapeutics. Marine peptides are chiral molecules comprising different amino acid residues. Therefore, it is essential to establish the configuration of the stereogenic carbon of their amino acid constituents for a total characterization and further synthesis to obtain higher amount of the bioactive marine peptides or as a basis for structural modifications for more potent derivatives. Moreover, it is also a crucial issue taking into account the mechanisms of molecular recognition and the influence of molecular three-dimensionality in this process. In this review, a literature survey covering the report on the determination of absolute configuration of the amino acid residues of diverse marine peptides by chromatographic methodologies is presented. A brief summary of their biological activities was also included emphasizing to the most promising marine peptides. A case study describing an experience of our group was also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye' Zaw Phyo
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - João Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Carla Fernandes
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Anake Kijjoa
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Madalena M M Pinto
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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Chiral Separation in Preparative Scale: A Brief Overview of Membranes as Tools for Enantiomeric Separation. Symmetry (Basel) 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/sym9100206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
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Chiral Stationary Phases for Liquid Chromatography Based on Chitin- and Chitosan-Derived Marine Polysaccharides. Symmetry (Basel) 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/sym9090190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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