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Park S, Myong Y, Cho M, Cho SY, Lee WH, Oh BM, Kim S. Design and validation of a wearable dynamometry system for knee extension-flexion torque measurement. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10428. [PMID: 38714762 PMCID: PMC11076506 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60985-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Muscle strength assessments are vital in rehabilitation, orthopedics, and sports medicine. However, current methods used in clinical settings, such as manual muscle testing and hand-held dynamometers, often lack reliability, and isokinetic dynamometers (IKD), while reliable, are not easily portable. The aim of this study was to design and validate a wearable dynamometry system with high accessibility, accuracy, and reliability, and to validate the device. Therefore, we designed a wearable dynamometry system (WDS) equipped with knee joint torque sensors. To validate this WDS, we measured knee extension and flexion strength in 39 healthy adults using both the IKD and WDS. Comparing maximal isometric torque measurements, WDS and IKD showed strong correlation and good reliability for extension (Pearson's r: 0.900; intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]: 0.893; standard error of measurement [SEM]: 9.85%; minimal detectable change [MDC]: 27.31%) and flexion (Pearson's r: 0.870; ICC: 0.857; SEM: 11.93%; MDC: 33.07%). WDS demonstrated excellent inter-rater (Pearson's r: 0.990; ICC: 0.993; SEM: 4.05%) and test-retest (Pearson's r: 0.970; ICC: 0.984; SEM: 6.15%) reliability during extension/flexion. User feedback from 35 participants, including healthcare professionals, underscores WDS's positive user experience and clinical potential. The proposed WDS is a suitable alternative to IKD, providing high accuracy, reliability, and potentially greater accessibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungwoo Park
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, The Graduate School, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Innovative Medical Technology Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Youho Myong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Minwoo Cho
- Department of Transdisciplinary Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Yeon Cho
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, The Graduate School, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Hyung Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Mo Oh
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
- Institute on Aging, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sungwan Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, The Graduate School, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Bio engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Mallada NP, Beltrán MJM, Nuño MAS, Ribeiro ASF, Villa IDM, Molina CM, Tabares AME, Santamaría AP, Sánchez HL. Biomechanical Factors Predisposing to Knee Injuries in Junior Female Basketball Players. Sports (Basel) 2024; 12:60. [PMID: 38393280 PMCID: PMC10891574 DOI: 10.3390/sports12020060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional observational study aims to determine isokinetic normality data at different speeds, and isometric data of ankle and knee joints, in healthy basketball players aged 15-16 years old. The participants were recruited through non-probabilistic convenience sampling. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, and biomechanical variables were collected. The study involved 42 participants. Right-leg dominance was higher in women (85.7%) than in men (78.6%). Men had a higher weight, height, and body mass index compared to women. Statistically significant differences were observed between sex and height (p < 0.001). Significant differences were found between sexes in knee flexor and extensor strength at different isokinetic speeds (30°, 120°, and 180°/s), except for the maximum peak strength knee flexion at 180°/s in the right leg. In the ankle, the variables inversion, eversion, and work strength values at different isokinetic speeds and full RoM, by sex, were not significantly different, except for the right (p = 0.004) and the left (p = 0.035) ankle full RoM. The study found lower knee extensor strength in women, indicating the need to improve knee flexor/extensor strength in women to match that of men, as seen in other joints. The results can guide the development of preventive and therapeutic interventions for lower limb injuries in basketball players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Néstor Pérez Mallada
- San Juan de Dios Foundation, 28015 Madrid, Spain
- Health Sciences Department, San Juan de Dios School of Nursing and Physical Therapy, Comillas Pontifical University, 28015 Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Research in Technology (IIT), ICAI School of Engineering, Comillas Pontifical University, 28015 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Jesús Martínez Beltrán
- San Juan de Dios Foundation, 28015 Madrid, Spain
- Health Sciences Department, San Juan de Dios School of Nursing and Physical Therapy, Comillas Pontifical University, 28015 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Ana Saenz Nuño
- Institute for Research in Technology (IIT), ICAI School of Engineering, Comillas Pontifical University, 28015 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana S F Ribeiro
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Physical Therapy and Podiatry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Ana María Echeverri Tabares
- San Juan de Dios Foundation, 28015 Madrid, Spain
- Health Sciences Department, San Juan de Dios School of Nursing and Physical Therapy, Comillas Pontifical University, 28015 Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés Paramio Santamaría
- San Juan de Dios Foundation, 28015 Madrid, Spain
- Health Sciences Department, San Juan de Dios School of Nursing and Physical Therapy, Comillas Pontifical University, 28015 Madrid, Spain
| | - Hugo Lamas Sánchez
- San Juan de Dios Foundation, 28015 Madrid, Spain
- Health Sciences Department, San Juan de Dios School of Nursing and Physical Therapy, Comillas Pontifical University, 28015 Madrid, Spain
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Knee Isokinetic Profiles and Reference Values of Professional Female Soccer Players. Sports (Basel) 2022; 10:sports10120204. [PMID: 36548501 PMCID: PMC9781290 DOI: 10.3390/sports10120204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Few studies have previously evaluated isokinetic parameters in female soccer players in comparison to those in males. The aim of this study was to describe normative quadriceps (Q) and hamstring (H) muscle strength values in professional female soccer players and to examine differences between dominant leg (DL) and nondominant leg (NDL). A standardized test protocol of concentric knee extension and flexion test protocol was conducted using the dynamometer isokinetic system (IsoMEd 2000). All the participants were healthy female professional soccer players from Spanish first and second division teams. Players were assessed for peak torque (PT) and maximum work (MW) values at 60°/s, 180°/s, and 240°/s. The mean difference was 7.17 (p-value = 0.0036), 4.4 (p-value = 0.0386), and 4.25 Nm (p-value = 0.0241) at speed 60°, 180°, and 240°/s, respectively. No statistically significant differences were detected for H-Q values between DL and NDL. This difference was 6.44 (p-value = 0.0449), and 5.87 J (p-value = 0.0266) at speed 60°, and 180°/s. The present study can be a tool that health professionals working with female professional soccer players in their care can use to assess and monitor a particular player.
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Cheng L, Wang K, He B, Yan Y. Effect of vertical vibration stimulation at different frequencies on delayed muscle soreness in athletes: A randomized trial. Front Public Health 2022; 10:980454. [PMID: 36311634 PMCID: PMC9614366 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.980454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The effect of stimulation with different vibration frequencies on delayed muscle soreness (DOMS) has not yet been determined. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of medium- and high-frequency vertical vibration stimulation on DOMS in track and field athletes. Methods A total of 38 elite men's track and field athletes were recruited during the off-season. Through the digital randomization method, the participants were divided into three groups. Two-knee DOMS modeling was performed on the medium-frequency group (MFG, 25 Hz, n = 13), high-frequency group (HFG, 50 Hz, n = 12) and control group (CG, 0 Hz, n = 13). The three groups were matched in age, height and body mass. Vertical vibration stimulation was performed for 10 min on the MFG and HFG. Visual analog score (VAS); interleukin-6 (IL-6), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK) levels and knee extension peak torque (PT) were determined immediately and at 24, 48, and 72 h after vibration. Results The 48 and 72 h VASs of the HFG were lower than those of the MFG and CG. The immediate and 24 and 48 h IL-6 concentrations in the HFG were lower than those in the CG. The 24 h IL-6 concentration in the HFG was lower than that in the MFG and that in the MFG was lower than that in the CG. LDH concentrations at different time points did not differ amongst groups. Immediate and 24 h CK concentrations were lower in the HFG than in the CG. The immediate and 24, 48, and 72 h knee extensions at 60°/s PT were lower in the HFG than in the CG. The immediate and 24 and 48 h knee extension at 60 °/s PT in the MFG were lower than those in the CG. The 24 h knee extension (240°/s peak torque) value in the HFG was lower than that in the CG. Conclusion Stimulation with 50 Hz (amplitude of 3 mm) vibration can reduce the muscle pain, IL-6 and CK concentrations and knee extension loss caused by DOMS. However, stimulation with 25 Hz (amplitude of 3 mm) vibration had poor effects. Results suggested that high-frequency vibration training is an effective strategy for relieving DOMS after intensive training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Cheng
- School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, China,Human Movement Science, Sichuan Sports College, Chengdu, China
| | - Kun Wang
- School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, China
| | - Benxiang He
- School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Benxiang He
| | - Yang Yan
- Human Movement Science, Sichuan Sports College, Chengdu, China,Yang Yan
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Bilateral Strength Asymmetry in Elite Youth Soccer Players: Differences between Age Categories. Symmetry (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/sym13111982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The strength asymmetry of athletes as a negative health and performance factor is increasingly being researched in sports with a high load on the dominant limb when some specific unilateral movements, such as passing, jumping, and tackling, are required. This study aimed to determine the level of isokinetic strength bilateral asymmetry (BA) among knee extensors (KEs) and knee flexors (KFs) of elite youth soccer players. The sample (n = 87) consisted of three age categories of under 13 (U13), under 15 (U15), and under 17 (U17) years old. Isokinetic dynamometry was used to obtain the maximum peak torque of the KEs and KFs in the dominant and non-dominant lower limbs during concentric muscle contraction. The analysis revealed significantly lower values (p < 0.05) of BA in KEs in U17 than in younger categories, U13 and U15, and higher values (p < 0.05) of BA in KFs in the U15 category than in the U17category. The majority of the players in the U15 category (68%) reached KFs BA higher than 10% in comparison with U13 players (50%) and U17 players (28% of players) (p < 0.05). Our results showed a significant effect of age category on BA levels in young soccer players. High incidences of increased BA in the lower limbs occurred in the younger categories (U13, U15) and subsequently decreased in the later adolescent stages.
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Kellis E, Sahinis C, Dafkou K, Ellinoudis A, Galanis N. Hamstring to quadriceps strength ratio and cross-sectional area of the quadriceps and hamstrings muscles assessed using extended field-of-view ultrasonography. Res Sports Med 2020; 29:25-42. [DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2020.1770250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eleftherios Kellis
- Laboratory of Neuromechanics, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Chrysostomos Sahinis
- Laboratory of Neuromechanics, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Dafkou
- Laboratory of Neuromechanics, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Athanasios Ellinoudis
- Laboratory of Neuromechanics, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nikiforos Galanis
- School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki Greece
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