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Stewart HLN, Wilkerson JM, Gallardo KR, Zoschke IN, Gillespie D, Rodriguez SA, McCurdy SA. "And Now that I Feel Safe…I'm Coming Out of Fight or Flight": A Qualitative Exploration of Challenges and Opportunities for Residents' Mental Health in Substance Use Recovery Housing. Community Ment Health J 2024:10.1007/s10597-024-01301-7. [PMID: 38822922 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-024-01301-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Co-occurring mental health concerns are prevalent among substance use recovery housing residents. We sought to explore how residents with co-occurring mental health and substance use needs experience recovery housing. We conducted semi-structured interviews with residents (N = 92) in recovery homes across Texas and developed themes through thematic analysis. Residents note that living in a group home can exacerbate anxiety and paranoia, especially during periods of high turnover. Overwhelmingly, however, residents believe recovery housing improves their mental health. Residents use their shared lived experiences to support one another. Residents also express appreciation for the transition period offered by recovery housing, allowing them to solidify their recoveries before fully re-entering society. Participants describe recovery homes as a critical support for their co-occurring mental health and substance use concerns. These results provide key insights on how to better support mental health in recovery housing.
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Estrella MJ, Kirsh B, Kontos P, Grigorovich A, Colantonio A, Chan V, Nalder EJ. Critical Characteristics of Housing and Housing Supports for Individuals with Concurrent Traumatic Brain Injury and Mental Health and/or Substance Use Challenges: A Qualitative Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182212211. [PMID: 34831967 PMCID: PMC8619924 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182212211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and mental health and/or substance use challenges (MHSU) are commonly co-occurring and prevalent in individuals experiencing homelessness; however, evidence suggests that systems of care are siloed and organized around clinical diagnoses. Research is needed to understand how housing and housing supports are provided to this complex and understudied group in the context of siloed service systems. This study aimed to describe critical characteristics of housing and housing supports for individuals with concurrent TBI and MHSU from the perspectives of service users with TBI and MHSU and housing service providers. Using basic qualitative description, in-depth interviews were conducted with 16 service users and 15 service providers. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis techniques. Themes capture core processes in finding and maintaining housing and the critical housing supports that enabled them: (1) overcoming structural barriers through service coordination, education and awareness raising, and partnerships and collaborations; and (2) enabling engagement in meaningful activity and social connection through creating opportunities, training and skills development, and design of home and neighborhood environments. Implications for practice, including the urgent need for formalized TBI and MHSU education, support for service providers, and potential interventions to further enable core housing processes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Jennifer Estrella
- Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G1V7, Canada; (B.K.); (A.C.); (E.J.N.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Bonnie Kirsh
- Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G1V7, Canada; (B.K.); (A.C.); (E.J.N.)
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada;
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Pia Kontos
- KITE Research Institute, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute—University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2A2, Canada; (P.K.); (A.G.)
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - Alisa Grigorovich
- KITE Research Institute, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute—University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2A2, Canada; (P.K.); (A.G.)
- Department of Recreation and Leisure Studies, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Angela Colantonio
- Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G1V7, Canada; (B.K.); (A.C.); (E.J.N.)
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada;
- KITE Research Institute, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute—University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2A2, Canada; (P.K.); (A.G.)
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3M6, Canada
| | - Vincy Chan
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada;
- KITE Research Institute, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute—University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2A2, Canada; (P.K.); (A.G.)
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3M6, Canada
| | - Emily Joan Nalder
- Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G1V7, Canada; (B.K.); (A.C.); (E.J.N.)
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada;
- KITE Research Institute, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute—University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2A2, Canada; (P.K.); (A.G.)
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Permanent Supportive Housing Design Characteristics Associated with the Mental Health of Formerly Homeless Adults in the U.S. and Canada: An Integrative Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18189588. [PMID: 34574513 PMCID: PMC8465794 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The built environment directly and indirectly affects mental health, especially for people transitioning from long-term homelessness to permanent supportive housing (PSH) who often experience co-occurring behavioral health challenges. Despite a rapid increase in PSH availability, little research examines influences of architecture and design within this context. This integrative review synthesized limited research on PSH design in the U.S. and Canada to identify built environment characteristics associated with PSH residents’ mental health, highlight gaps in the literature, and prioritize future research directions. A systematic search for peer-reviewed articles was conducted using nine databases drawing from multiple disciplines including architecture, environmental psychology, interior design, psychology, psychiatry, medicine, and nursing. Seventeen articles met inclusion criteria. Study design, methodology, built environment properties, place attributes, and relevant findings were extracted and iteratively analyzed. Three domains relevant to architecture and design were identified related to home, ontological security, and trauma sensitivity; dwelling unit type, privacy, control, safety, housing quality and location, and access to amenities; and shared common space. Integrative review results emphasize the potential of architecture and design to contribute to improved built environment quality and mental health outcomes among PSH residents. Methodological limitations and directions for future research are also discussed.
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Piat M, Seida K, Padgett D. Choice and personal recovery for people with serious mental illness living in supported housing. J Ment Health 2019; 29:306-313. [DOI: 10.1080/09638237.2019.1581338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Myra Piat
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Montréal, Canada
| | | | - Deborah Padgett
- Silver School of Social Work, New York University, New York, NY, USA
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Piat M, Seida K. Supported housing for persons with serious mental illness and personal recovery: What do families think? Int J Soc Psychiatry 2018; 64:707-714. [PMID: 30411663 DOI: 10.1177/0020764018806928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Previous research on supported housing for people with serious mental illness focuses primarily on tenant/client experiences. The aim of this article is to present families' perspectives on the role of supported housing in recovery, utilizing the CHIME framework of personal recovery. METHOD Qualitative interviews were conducted with 14 families of individuals with serious mental illness living in supported housing. Participants were across five supported housing sites in four Canadian provinces. RESULTS Families credited supported housing with helping tenants redefine a positive sense of identity, re-establish social relationships and regain control over their lives. Families were less confident about supported housing facilitating future employment or 'full' recovery, focusing on stability rather than continual improvement. CONCLUSION This is one of the first studies to report family perspectives on the role of supported housing in their loved one's recovery processes - both strengths and weaknesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myra Piat
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Kimberly Seida
- The Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Richter D, Hoffmann H. Preference for Independent Housing of Persons with Mental Disorders: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. ADMINISTRATION AND POLICY IN MENTAL HEALTH AND MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH 2018; 44:817-823. [PMID: 28160182 DOI: 10.1007/s10488-017-0791-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Choice of housing has become an important political and therapeutic goal for psychiatric rehabilitation. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of proportions of studies on preference for independent housing. A subgroup analysis compared studies with homeless and non-homeless consumers. The meta-analysis included 8 studies with 3134 consumers. The overall proportion of consumers who had expressed a preference for living independently was 0.84. There were only marginal differences between studies with homeless and non-homeless consumers. In a given service planning area, the rate of independent housing settings should exceed the rate of more institutionalized settings by a wide margin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Richter
- Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, University Bern Psychiatric Services, Murtenstrasse 46, 3008, Bern, Switzerland. .,School of Health Sciences, Bern University of Applied Sciences, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Holger Hoffmann
- Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, University Bern Psychiatric Services, Murtenstrasse 46, 3008, Bern, Switzerland.,Soteria Clinic, Bern, Switzerland
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Piat M, Sabetti J, Padgett D. Supported housing for adults with psychiatric disabilities: How tenants confront the problem of loneliness. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2018; 26:191-198. [PMID: 29052342 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.12508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the experience of loneliness among people with psychiatric disabilities after moving from custodial housing, including group homes, boarding homes, and family-type residences to independent, supported apartments in the community. Qualitative research methods guided by a naturalistic/constructivist framework were used. Data collection occurred between May 2014 and July 2015 and consisted of individual semi-structured interviews with 24 tenants residing in five supported housing sites across three Canadian provinces; interviews were also conducted with a designated family member for each tenant and with their service providers. Group interviews were conducted with housing workers in the five housing sites. The interviews were transcribed verbatim, codes generated and a thematic analysis undertaken using a constructivist approach. Results showed that for most tenants living in independent apartments with support loneliness was not a serious problem or was an issue that could be overcome. Most study participants viewed supported housing as preferable to custodial housing and as a normalising experience that facilitated community integration. While housing conditions, particularly those associated with congregate housing, sometimes helped attenuate loneliness among tenants, managing loneliness was primarily contingent on the ability of individuals to develop and maintain social connections, as well as on family involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myra Piat
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Judith Sabetti
- School of Social Work, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Deborah Padgett
- Silver School of Social Work, New York University, New York, NY, USA
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Bagheri P, Armanmehr V, Moradi N, Moshki M. A predictive model of apartment-living based on socio-economic and demographic factors with health-based approach in Iran. Glob J Health Sci 2015; 7:324-34. [PMID: 25948464 PMCID: PMC4802091 DOI: 10.5539/gjhs.v7n3p324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Due to importance and progressive growth of apartment-living phenomenon in the world today, it is essential to survey the different dimensions of this modern lifestyle. The aim of this study is to predict rate of apartment-living based on the different predicted variables of socio-economic and demographic factors with approach to different health aspects. Methods: A descriptive- analytic study was carried out between 600 apartment and 800 non-apartment residents in the Shiraz (Southern Region of Iran) through multi-stage cluster sampling during the year 2011. The statistical analysis was performed on the obtained data using multi-variable logistic regression as well as ANOVA analysis. Result: The rate for apartment-living in above 30 years old age group was 8.31 times more than 15-30 years old, 9.6 times more in employed vs. unemployed; 6.57 and 9.49 times more in families with average and high monthly incomes, respectively, vs. family with low monthly income; 8.73 times more in owner sub-group vs. renter sub-group; and 1.30 times more in people living lonely than those living with family. People living in an apartment are in poor health status considering physical, mental and social aspects. Conclusion: Based on the results, it is very important that policy makers in urban areas consider the determinative role of socio-economic and demographic factors, which are involved in selecting apartment-living lifestyle by urban residents and also are effective on health.
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Piat M, Boyer R, Fleury MJ, Lesage A, O'Connell M, Sabetti J. Resident and proprietor perspectives on a recovery orientation in community-based housing. Psychiatr Rehabil J 2015; 38:88-95. [PMID: 25559078 PMCID: PMC4835231 DOI: 10.1037/prj0000104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Stable housing is a fundamental human right, and an important element for both mental health recovery and social inclusion among people with serious mental illness. This article reports findings from a study on the recovery orientation of structured congregate community housing services using the Recovery Self-Assessment Questionnaire (RSA) adapted for housing (O'Connell, Tondora, Croog, Evans, & Davidson, 2005). METHODS The RSA questionnaires were administered to 118 residents and housing providers from 112 congregate housing units located in Montreal, Canada. RESULTS Residents rated their homes as significantly less recovery-oriented than did proprietors, which is contrary to previous studies of clinical services or Assertive Community Treatment where RSA scores for service users were significantly higher than service provider scores. Findings for both groups suggest the need for improvement on 5 of 6 RSA factors. While proprietors favored recovery training and education, and valued resident opinion and experience, vestiges of a traditional medical model governing this housing emerged in other findings, as in agreement between the 2 groups that residents have little choice in case management, or in the belief among proprietors that residents are unable to manage their symptoms. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE This study demonstrates that the RSA adapted for housing is a useful tool for creating recovery profiles of housing services. The findings provide practical guidance on how to promote a recovery orientation in structured community housing, as well as a novel approach for reaching a common understanding of what this entails among stakeholders. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Affiliation(s)
- Myra Piat
- Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University
| | - Richard Boyer
- Department of Psychiatry, Mental Health University Institute of Montreal, University of Montreal
| | - Marie-Josée Fleury
- Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University
| | - Alain Lesage
- Department of Psychiatry, Mental Health University Institute of Montreal, University of Montreal
| | - Maria O'Connell
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Community Health and Recovery, Yale University
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