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Zhang M, Wang Z, Zhao Q, Yang Q, Bai J, Yang C, Zhang ZR, Liu Y. USP20 deubiquitinates and stabilizes the reticulophagy receptor RETREG1/FAM134B to drive reticulophagy. Autophagy 2024; 20:1780-1797. [PMID: 38705724 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2024.2347103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) serves as a hub for various cellular processes, and maintaining ER homeostasis is essential for cell function. Reticulophagy is a selective process that removes impaired ER subdomains through autophagy-mediatedlysosomal degradation. While the involvement of ubiquitination in autophagy regulation is well-established, its role in reticulophagy remains unclear. In this study, we screened deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) involved in reticulophagy and identified USP20 (ubiquitin specific peptidase 20) as a key regulator of reticulophagy under starvation conditions. USP20 specifically cleaves K48- and K63-linked ubiquitin chains on the reticulophagy receptor RETREG1/FAM134B (reticulophagy regulator 1), thereby stabilizing the substrate and promoting reticulophagy. Remarkably, despite lacking a transmembrane domain, USP20 is recruited to the ER through its interaction with VAPs (VAMP associated proteins). VAPs facilitate the recruitment of early autophagy proteins, including WIPI2 (WD repeat domain, phosphoinositide interacting 2), to specific ER subdomains, where USP20 and RETREG1 are enriched. The recruitment of WIPI2 and other proteins in this process plays a crucial role in facilitating RETREG1-mediated reticulophagy in response to nutrient deprivation. These findings highlight the critical role of USP20 in maintaining ER homeostasis by deubiquitinating and stabilizing RETREG1 at distinct ER subdomains, where USP20 further recruits VAPs and promotes efficient reticulophagy.Abbreviations: ACTB actin beta; ADRB2 adrenoceptor beta 2; AMFR/gp78 autocrine motility factor receptor; ATG autophagy related; ATL3 atlastin GTPase 3; BafA1 bafilomycin A1; BECN1 beclin 1; CALCOCO1 calcium binding and coiled-coil domain 1; CCPG1 cell cycle progression 1; DAPI 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; DTT dithiothreitol; DUB deubiquitinating enzyme; EBSS Earle's Balanced Salt Solution; FFAT two phenylalanines (FF) in an acidic tract; GABARAP GABA type A receptor-associated protein; GFP green fluorescent protein; HMGCR 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase; IL1B interleukin 1 beta; LIR LC3-interacting region; MAP1LC3/LC3 microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; PIK3C3/Vps34 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3; RB1CC1/FIP200 RB1 inducible coiled-coil 1; RETREG1/FAM134B reticulophagy regulator 1; RFP red fluorescent protein; RHD reticulon homology domain; RIPK1 receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 1; RTN3L reticulon 3 long isoform; SEC61B SEC61 translocon subunit beta; SEC62 SEC62 homolog, preprotein translocation factor; SIM super-resolution structured illumination microscopy; SNAI2 snail family transcriptional repressor 2; SQSTM1/p62 sequestosome 1; STING1/MITA stimulator of interferon response cGAMP interactor 1; STX17 syntaxin 17; TEX264 testis expressed 264, ER-phagy receptor; TNF tumor necrosis factor; UB ubiquitin; ULK1 unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1; USP20 ubiquitin specific peptidase 20; USP33 ubiquitin specific peptidase 33; VAMP8 vesicle associated membrane protein 8; VAPs VAMP associated proteins; VMP1 vacuole membrane protein 1; WIPI2 WD repeat domain, phosphoinositide interacting 2; ZFYVE1/DFCP1 zinc finger FYVE-type containing 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhangshun Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jieyun Bai
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cuiwei Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zai-Rong Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, Beijing, China
| | - Yanfen Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
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2
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Wang M, Bai Y, Jiang D, Wang Y, Zhao F, Zhou Y, Zhou M, Chen Y, Yu C, Wang X, Guo Q, Zha L, Li Q, Cao Z, Wu J, Shi S, Wang Q, Xu C, Kong X, Tu X. A novel HOIP frameshift variant alleviates NF-kappaB signalling and sensitizes cells to TNF-induced death. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024:167355. [PMID: 39009172 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND HOIP is the catalytic subunit of the E3 ligase complex (linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex), which is able to generate linear ubiquitin chains. However, the role of rare HOIP functionally deficient variants remains unclear. The pathogenic mechanism and the relationship with immune deficiency phenotypes remain to be clarified. METHODS Based on a next-generation sequencing panel of 270 genes, we identified a HOIP deletion variant that causes common variable immunodeficiency disease. Bioinformatics analysis and cell-based experiments were performed to study the molecular mechanism by which the variant causes immunodeficiency diseases. FINDINGS A homozygous loss-of-function variant in HOIP was identified. The variant causes a frameshift and generates a premature termination codon in messenger RNA, resulting in a C-terminal truncated HOIP mutant, that is, the loss of the linear ubiquitin chain-specific catalytic domain. The truncated HOIP mutant has impaired E3 ligase function in linear ubiquitination, leading to the suppression of canonical NF-κB signalling and increased TNF-induced multiple forms of cell death. INTERPRETATION The loss-of-function HOIP variant accounts for the immune deficiencies. The canonical NF-κB pathway and cell death are involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. FUNDING This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82270444 and 81501851). RESEARCH IN CONTEXT Evidence before this study LUBAC is the only known linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex for which HOIP is an essential catalytic subunit. Three HOIP variants have now been identified in two immunodeficient patients and functionally characterised. However, there have been no reports on the pathogenicity of only catalytic domain deletion variants in humans, or the pathogenic mechanisms of catalytic domain deletion variants. Added value of this study We report the first case of an autosomal recessive homozygous deletion variant that results in deletion of the HOIP catalytic structural domain. We demonstrate that this variant is a loss-of-function variant using a heterologous expression system. The variant has impaired E3 ligase function. It can still bind to other subunits of LUBAC, but it fails to generate linear ubiquitin chains. We also explored the underlying mechanisms by which this variant leads to immunodeficiency. The variant attenuates the canonical NF-κB and MAPK signalling cascades and increases the sensitivity of TNFα-induced diverse cell death and activation of mitochondrial apoptosis pathways. These findings provide support for the treatment and drug development of patients with inborn errors of immunity in HOIP and related signalling pathways. Implications of all the available evidence First, this study expands the HOIP pathogenic variant database and phenotypic spectrum. Furthermore, studies on the biological functions of pathogenic variants in relation to the NF-κB signalling pathway and cell death provided new understanding into the genetic basis and pathogenesis of HOIP-deficient immune disease, indicating the necessity of HOIP and related signalling pathway variants as diagnostic targets in patients with similar genetic deficiency phenotypes..
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengru Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Center for Human Genome Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ying Bai
- Genetic and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Dan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Center for Human Genome Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Center for Human Genome Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Feifei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Center for Human Genome Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yingchao Zhou
- Genetic Testing Center, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266034, China
| | - Mengchen Zhou
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Education, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yilin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Center for Human Genome Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chenguang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Center for Human Genome Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiangyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Center for Human Genome Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Qiang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Center for Human Genome Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Lingfeng Zha
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Genetic and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Zhubing Cao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Center for Human Genome Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jianfei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Center for Human Genome Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shumei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Center for Human Genome Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Center for Human Genome Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chengqi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Center for Human Genome Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiangdong Kong
- Genetic and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Xin Tu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Center for Human Genome Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
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Chen Y, Yang F, Shi Y, Sheng J, Wang Y, Zhang L, Zhou J, Jin Y, Yan Y. RNF31 alleviates liver steatosis by promoting p53/BNIP3-related mitophagy in hepatocytes. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 219:163-179. [PMID: 38615890 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.04.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the liver illnesses that may be affected by mitophagy, which is the selective removal of damaged mitochondria. RNF31, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, is carcinogenic in many malignancies. However, the influence of RNF31 on mitochondrial homeostasis and NAFLD development remains unknown. METHODS Oleic-palmitic acid treated hepatocytes and high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice were established to observe the effect of RNF31 on hepatocyte mitophagy and steatosis. Mitophagy processes were comprehensively assessed by mt-Keima fluorescence imaging, while global changes in hepatic gene expression were measured by RNA-seq. RESULTS The present study discovered a reduction in RNF31 expression in lipotoxic hepatocytes with mitochondrial dysfunction. The observed decrease in RNF31 expression was associated with reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, disturbed mitophagy, and increased steatosis. Additionally, the findings indicated that RNF31 is a pivotal factor in the initiation of mitophagy and the facilitation of mitochondrial homeostasis, resulting in a decrease in steatosis in lipotoxic hepatocytes. Mechanistically, RNF31 enhanced p53 ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation. Down-regulation of p53 led to increased expression of the mitophagy receptor protein BCL2 and adenovirus E1B 19 kDa-interacting protein 3 (BNIP3), thereby promoting mitophagy in hepatocytes. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the transportation of RNF31 via small extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells (referred to as sEV) had a substantial influence on reducing hepatic steatosis and restoring liver function in HFD-fed mice. CONCLUSIONS The findings highlight RNF31's essential role in the regulation of mitochondrial homeostasis in hepatocytes, emphasizing its potential as a therapeutic target for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, 213017, Changzhou, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 212013, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Fuji Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, 213017, Changzhou, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 212013, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yujie Shi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, 213017, Changzhou, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 212013, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jingyu Sheng
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University (Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University), 213017, Changzhou, China
| | - Yanjin Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, 213017, Changzhou, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 212013, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Liting Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, 213017, Changzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University (Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University), 213017, Changzhou, China
| | - Yi Jin
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University (Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University), 213017, Changzhou, China
| | - Yongmin Yan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, 213017, Changzhou, China; Wujin Institute of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine of Jiangsu University, 213017, Changzhou, China.
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Hu K, Wu S, Xu J, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Wu X, Miao J, Yao Y, Zhu S, Chen G, Ren J. Pongamol Alleviates Neuroinflammation and Promotes Autophagy in Alzheimer's Disease by Regulating the Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 38841893 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), one of the neurodegenerative disorders, is highly correlated with the abnormal hyperphosphorylation of Tau and aggregation of β-amyloid (Aβ). Oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and abnormal autophagy are key drivers of AD and how they contribute to neuropathology remains largely unknown. The flavonoid compound pongamol is reported to possess a variety of pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory. This study investigated the neuroprotective effect and its mechanisms of pongamol in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BV2 cells, d-galactose/sodium nitrite/aluminum chloride (d-gal/NaNO2/AlCl3)-induced AD mice, and Caenorhabditis elegans models. Our research revealed that pongamol reduced the release of inflammatory factors IL-1β, TNF-α, COX-2, and iNOS in LPS-induced BV2 cells. Pongamol also protected neurons and significantly restored memory function, inhibited Tau phosphorylation, downregulated Aβ aggregation, and increased oxidoreductase activity in the hippocampus of AD mice. In addition, pongamol reversed the nuclear transfer of NF-κB and increased the levels of Beclin 1 and LC3 II/LC3 I. Most importantly, the anti-inflammatory and promoter autophagy effects of pongamol may be related to the regulation of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. In summary, these results showed that pongamol has a potential neuroprotective effect, which greatly enriched the research on the pharmacological activity of pongamol for improving AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, No. 1. Gehu Middle Road, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
| | - Shaojun Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, No. 1. Gehu Middle Road, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
| | - Jiaxin Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, No. 1. Gehu Middle Road, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
| | - Yongzhen Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, No. 1. Gehu Middle Road, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, No. 1. Gehu Middle Road, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
| | - Xinyuan Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, No. 1. Gehu Middle Road, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
| | - Jie Miao
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, No. 1. Gehu Middle Road, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
| | - Yongxu Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, No. 1. Gehu Middle Road, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
| | - Susu Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, No. 1. Gehu Middle Road, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
| | - Guangtong Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, No. 19. Qixiu Road, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Jie Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, No. 1. Gehu Middle Road, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
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Yuan Y, Li J, Lu X, Chen M, Liang H, Chen XP, Long X, Zhang B, Gong S, Huang X, Zhao J, Chen Q. Autophagy in hepatic progenitor cells modulates exosomal miRNAs to inhibit liver fibrosis in schistosomiasis. Front Med 2024; 18:538-557. [PMID: 38769281 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-024-1079-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Schistosoma infection is one of the major causes of liver fibrosis. Emerging roles of hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs) in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis have been identified. Nevertheless, the precise mechanism underlying the role of HPCs in liver fibrosis in schistosomiasis remains unclear. This study examined how autophagy in HPCs affects schistosomiasis-induced liver fibrosis by modulating exosomal miRNAs. The activation of HPCs was verified by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence (IF) staining in fibrotic liver from patients and mice with Schistosoma japonicum infection. By coculturing HPCs with hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and assessing the autophagy level in HPCs by proteomic analysis and in vitro phenotypic assays, we found that impaired autophagy degradation in these activated HPCs was mediated by lysosomal dysfunction. Blocking autophagy by the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (CQ) significantly diminished liver fibrosis and granuloma formation in S. japonicum-infected mice. HPC-secreted extracellular vehicles (EVs) were further isolated and studied by miRNA sequencing. miR-1306-3p, miR-493-3p, and miR-34a-5p were identified, and their distribution into EVs was inhibited due to impaired autophagy in HPCs, which contributed to suppressing HSC activation. In conclusion, we showed that the altered autophagy process upon HPC activation may prevent liver fibrosis by modulating exosomal miRNA release and inhibiting HSC activation in schistosomiasis. Targeting the autophagy degradation process may be a therapeutic strategy for liver fibrosis during Schistosoma infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yuan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jiaxuan Li
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xun Lu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Min Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Huifang Liang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xin Long
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Bixiang Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Song Gong
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Tongji Trauma Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiaowei Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jianping Zhao
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Qian Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Fu Y, Li L, Zhang X, Deng Z, Wu Y, Chen W, Liu Y, He S, Wang J, Xie Y, Tu Z, Lyu Y, Wei Y, Wang S, Cui CP, Liu CH, Zhang L. Systematic HOIP interactome profiling reveals critical roles of linear ubiquitination in tissue homeostasis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2974. [PMID: 38582895 PMCID: PMC10998861 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47289-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Linear ubiquitination catalyzed by HOIL-1-interacting protein (HOIP), the key component of the linear ubiquitination assembly complex, plays fundamental roles in tissue homeostasis by executing domain-specific regulatory functions. However, a proteome-wide analysis of the domain-specific interactome of HOIP across tissues is lacking. Here, we present a comprehensive mass spectrometry-based interactome profiling of four HOIP domains in nine mouse tissues. The interaction dataset provides a high-quality HOIP interactome resource with an average of approximately 90 interactors for each bait per tissue. HOIP tissue interactome presents a systematic understanding of linear ubiquitination functions in each tissue and also shows associations of tissue functions to genetic diseases. HOIP domain interactome characterizes a set of previously undefined linear ubiquitinated substrates and elucidates the cross-talk among HOIP domains in physiological and pathological processes. Moreover, we show that linear ubiquitination of Integrin-linked protein kinase (ILK) decreases focal adhesion formation and promotes the detachment of Shigella flexneri-infected cells. Meanwhile, Hoip deficiency decreases the linear ubiquitination of Smad ubiquitination regulatory factor 1 (SMURF1) and enhances its E3 activity, finally causing a reduced bone mass phenotype in mice. Overall, our work expands the knowledge of HOIP-interacting proteins and provides a platform for further discovery of linear ubiquitination functions in tissue homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yesheng Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Lei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Zhikang Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Ying Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Wenzhe Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yuchen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Shan He
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yuping Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Zhiwei Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yadi Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yange Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Shujie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Chun-Ping Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Cui Hua Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China.
| | - Lingqiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 100850, China.
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7
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Yu T, Rui L, Jiumei Z, Ziwei L, Ying H. Advances in the study of autophagy in breast cancer. Breast Cancer 2024; 31:195-204. [PMID: 38315272 PMCID: PMC10901946 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-023-01541-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most prevalent malignant tumor among women, with a high incidence and mortality rate all year round, which seriously affects women's health. Autophagy, a well-conserved cellular process inherent in eukaryotic organisms, plays a pivotal role in degrading damaged proteins and organelles, recycling their breakdown products to aid cells in navigating stress and gradually restoring homeostatic equilibrium. Recent studies have unveiled the intricate connection between autophagy and breast cancer. Autophagy is a double-edged sword in breast cancer, demonstrating a dual role: restraining its onset and progression on one hand, while promoting its metastasis and advancement on the other. It is also because of this interrelationship between the two that regulation of autophagy in the treatment of breast cancer is now an important strategy in clinical treatment. In this article, we systematically survey the recent research findings, elucidating the multifaceted role of autophagy in breast cancer and its underlying mechanisms, with the aim of contributing new references to the clinical management of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tang Yu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liu Rui
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhao Jiumei
- Chongqing Nanchuan District People's Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Ziwei
- Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hu Ying
- The Second Affiliatied Hospital of Kunming Medical University and Department of Clinical Larboratory, Kunming, China.
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8
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Jin Y, Peng Y, Xu J, Yuan Y, Yang N, Zhang Z, Xu L, Li L, Xiong Y, Sun D, Pan Y, Wu R, Fu J. LUBAC promotes angiogenesis and lung tumorigenesis by ubiquitinating and antagonizing autophagic degradation of HIF1α. Oncogenesis 2024; 13:6. [PMID: 38272870 PMCID: PMC10810860 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-024-00508-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF1) is critically important for driving angiogenesis and tumorigenesis. Linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC), the only known ubiquitin ligase capable of catalyzing protein linear ubiquitination to date, is implicated in cell signaling and associated with cancers. However, the role and mechanism of LUBAC in regulating the expression and function of HIF1α, the labile subunit of HIF1, remain to be elucidated. Herein we showed that LUBAC increases HIF1α protein expression in cultured cells and tissues of human lung cancer and enhances HIF1α DNA-binding and transcriptional activities, which are dependent upon LUBAC enzymatic activity. Mechanistically, LUBAC increases HIF1α stability through antagonizing HIF1α decay by the chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA)-lysosome pathway, thereby potentiating HIF1α activity. We further demonstrated that HIF1α selectively interacts with HOIP (the catalytic subunit of LUBAC) primarily in the cytoplasm. LUBAC catalyzes linear ubiquitination of HIF1α at lysine 362. Linear ubiquitination shields HIF1α from interacting with heat-shock cognate protein of 70 kDa and lysosome-associated membrane protein type 2 A, two components of CMA. Consequently, linear ubiquitination confers protection against CMA-mediated destruction of HIF1α, increasing HIF1α stability and activity. We found that prolyl hydroxylation is not a perquisite for LUBAC's effects on HIF1α. Functionally, LUBAC facilitates proliferation, clonogenic formation, invasion and migration of lung cancer cells. LUBAC also boosts angiogenesis and exacerbates lung cancer growth in mice, which are greatly compromised by inhibition of HIF1α. This work provides novel mechanistic insights into the role of LUBAC in regulating HIF1α homeostasis, tumor angiogenesis and tumorigenesis of lung cancer, making LUBAC an attractive therapeutic target for cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Jin
- The Laboratory of Inflammation and Vascular Biology, Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China.
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | - Yazhi Peng
- The Laboratory of Inflammation and Vascular Biology, Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Jie Xu
- The Laboratory of Inflammation and Vascular Biology, Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Ye Yuan
- The Laboratory of Inflammation and Vascular Biology, Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Nan Yang
- The Laboratory of Inflammation and Vascular Biology, Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Zemei Zhang
- The Laboratory of Inflammation and Vascular Biology, Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China
- Graduate School, Jinzhou Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - Lei Xu
- The Laboratory of Inflammation and Vascular Biology, Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Lin Li
- The Laboratory of Inflammation and Vascular Biology, Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Yulian Xiong
- The Laboratory of Inflammation and Vascular Biology, Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Dejiao Sun
- The Laboratory of Inflammation and Vascular Biology, Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Yamu Pan
- The Laboratory of Inflammation and Vascular Biology, Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Ruiqing Wu
- The Laboratory of Inflammation and Vascular Biology, Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Jian Fu
- The Laboratory of Inflammation and Vascular Biology, Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China.
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA.
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9
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Lin D, Dong X, Xiao X, Xiang Z, Lei X, Wang J. Proteomic and phosphoproteomic analysis of responses to enterovirus A71 infection reveals novel targets for antiviral and viral replication. Antiviral Res 2023; 220:105761. [PMID: 37992763 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common infectious disease in infants and children, especially those under five years of age. EV-A71 is a common pathogen that causes HFMD and the primary pathogen leading to severe or fatal HFMD, which is characterized by neurological complications. However, the underlying mechanisms of EV-A71 pathogenesis remain largely unknown. In this report, we used proteomic and phosphorylated proteomic methods to characterize the proteome and phosphoproteome profiles of EV-A71-infected human neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells. More than 7744 host proteins and 10069 phosphorylation modification sites were successfully quantified. Among them, 974 proteins and 3648 phosphorylation modification sites were regulated significantly during EV-A71 infection. KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathway analysis revealed that EV-A71 altered cell biological processes, including protein synthesis, RNA splicing and metabolism in SK-N-SH cells. Notably, based on the prediction of upregulated kinases during EV-A71 infection, we identified specific kinase inhibitors approved by the FDA, with ceralasertib, bosutinib, flavin mononucleotide, minocycline, pimasertib and acetylcysteine inhibiting EV-A71 infection. Finally, EV-A71 proteins were found to be phosphorylated during infection, with one site (S184 on 3D polymerase) observed to be crucial for viral replication because a S184A mutation knocked out viral replication. The results improve our understanding of the host response to EV-A71 infection of neuroblastoma cells and provide potential targets for developing anti-EV-A71 strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Lin
- NHC Key Laboratory of System Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, PR China
| | - Xiaojing Dong
- NHC Key Laboratory of System Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, PR China
| | - Xia Xiao
- NHC Key Laboratory of System Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, PR China
| | - Zichun Xiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of System Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xiaobo Lei
- NHC Key Laboratory of System Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Jianwei Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of System Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, PR China.
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10
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Zhang J, Zhou Y, Feng J, Xu X, Wu J, Guo C. Deciphering roles of TRIMs as promising targets in hepatocellular carcinoma: current advances and future directions. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115538. [PMID: 37729731 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Tripartite motif (TRIM) family is assigned to RING-finger-containing ligases harboring the largest number of proteins in E3 ubiquitin ligating enzymes. E3 ubiquitin ligases target the specific substrate for proteasomal degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), which seems to be a more effective and direct strategy for tumor therapy. Recent advances have demonstrated that TRIM genes associate with the occurrence and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). TRIMs trigger or inhibit multiple biological activities like proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, ferroptosis and autophagy in HCC dependent on its highly conserved yet diverse structures. Remarkably, autophagy is another proteolytic pathway for intracellular protein degradation and TRIM proteins may help to delineate the interaction between the two proteolytic systems. In depth research on the precise molecular mechanisms of TRIM family will allow for targeting TRIM in HCC treatment. We also highlight several potential directions warranted further development associated with TRIM family to provide bright insight into its translational values in hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200060, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yuting Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Jiao Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200060, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Xuanfu Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shidong Hospital, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Jianye Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200060, China.
| | - Chuanyong Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200060, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
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11
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Gao L, Zhang W, Shi XH, Chang X, Han Y, Liu C, Jiang Z, Yang X. The mechanism of linear ubiquitination in regulating cell death and correlative diseases. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:659. [PMID: 37813853 PMCID: PMC10562472 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06183-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Linear ubiquitination is a specific post-translational modification in which ubiquitin is linked through M1 residue to form multiple types of polyubiquitin chains on substrates in order to regulate cellular processes. LUBAC comprised by HOIP, HOIL-1L, and SHARPIN as a sole E3 ligase catalyzes the generation of linear ubiquitin chains, and it is simultaneously adjusted by deubiquitinases such as OTULIN and CYLD. Several studies have shown that gene mutation of linear ubiquitination in mice accompanied by different modalities of cell death would develop relative diseases. Cell death is a fundamental physiological process and responsible for embryonic development, organ maintenance, and immunity response. Therefore, it is worth speculating that linear ubiquitin mediated signaling pathway would participate in different diseases. The relative literature search was done from core collection of electronic databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar using keywords about main regulators of linear ubiquitination pathway. Here, we summarize the regulatory mechanism of linear ubiquitination on cellular signaling pathway in cells with apoptosis, necroptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis. Intervening generation of linear ubiquitin chains in relative signaling pathway to regulate cell death might provide novel therapeutic insights for various human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Gao
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiao Hui Shi
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Chang
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Yi Han
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Chundi Liu
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhitao Jiang
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China.
| | - Xiang Yang
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China.
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12
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Liang P, Zhang J, Wang B. Emerging Roles of Ubiquitination in Biomolecular Condensates. Cells 2023; 12:2329. [PMID: 37759550 PMCID: PMC10527650 DOI: 10.3390/cells12182329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomolecular condensates are dynamic non-membrane-bound macromolecular high-order assemblies that participate in a growing list of cellular processes, such as transcription, the cell cycle, etc. Disturbed dynamics of biomolecular condensates are associated with many diseases, including cancer and neurodegeneration. Extensive efforts have been devoted to uncovering the molecular and biochemical grammar governing the dynamics of biomolecular condensates and establishing the critical roles of protein posttranslational modifications (PTMs) in this process. Here, we summarize the regulatory roles of ubiquitination (a major form of cellular PTM) in the dynamics of biomolecular condensates. We propose that these regulatory mechanisms can be harnessed to combat many diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peigang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; (P.L.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; (P.L.); (J.Z.)
| | - Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; (P.L.); (J.Z.)
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen 518057, China
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13
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Fang J, Qian Y, Chen J, Xu D, Cao N, Zhu G, Hu W, Hu H, Qian N, Yang S, Wang J, Liu X. Human antigen R regulates autophagic flux by stabilizing autophagy-associated mRNA in calcific aortic valve disease. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:2117-2129. [PMID: 37183487 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvad077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The incidence of calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) has risen over the last decade and is expected to continue rising; however, pharmacological approaches have proven ineffective. In this study, we evaluated the role and underlying mechanisms of human antigen R (HuR)-mediated post-transcriptional regulation in CAVD. METHODS AND RESULTS We found that HuR was significantly upregulated in human calcified aortic valves and primary aortic valvular interstitial cells (VICs) following osteogenic stimulation. Subsequent functional studies revealed that HuR silencing ameliorated calcification both in vitro and in vivo. For the first time, we demonstrated that HuR directly interacted with the transcript of phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate 4-kinase, type II, alpha (PIP4K2A), which mediates phosphatidylinositol signalling, facilitates autophagy, and acts as an mRNA stabilizer. HuR positively modulated PIP4K2A expression at the post-transcriptional level and consequently influenced the AKT/mTOR/ATG13 pathway to regulate autophagy and CAVD progression. CONCLUSION Our study provides new insights into the post-transcriptional regulatory role of HuR in modulating autophagy-positive factors to regulate the pathogenesis of CAVD. Our findings highlight the potential of HuR as an innovative therapeutic target in CAVD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Fang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yi Qian
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jinyong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Dilin Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Naifang Cao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Gangjie Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wangxing Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Haochang Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ningjing Qian
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shuangshuang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jian'an Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xianbao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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14
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Cen X, Li Z, Chen X. Ubiquitination in the regulation of autophagy. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2023; 55:1348-1357. [PMID: 37587758 PMCID: PMC10520486 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2023149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy, an efficient and effective approach to clear rapidly damaged organelles, macromolecules, and other harmful cellular components, enables the recycling of nutrient materials and supply of nutrients to maintain cellular homeostasis. Ubiquitination plays an important regulatory role in autophagy. This paper summarizes the most recent progress in ubiquitin modification in various stages of autophagy, including initiation, elongation, and termination. Moreover, this paper shows that ubiquitination is an important way through which selective autophagy achieves substrate specificity. Furthermore, we note the distinction between monoubiquitination and polyubiquitination in the regulation of autophagy. Compared with monoubiquitination, polyubiquitination is a more common strategy to regulate the activity of the autophagy molecular machinery. In addition, the role of ubiquitination in the closure and fusion of autophagosomes warrants further study. This article not only clarifies the regulatory mechanism of autophagy but also contributes to a deeper understanding of the importance of ubiquitination modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Cen
- Hubei Key laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation & UtilizationHubei Engineering Research Center of Special Wild Vegetables Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization TechnologySchool of Life ScienceHubei Normal UniversityHuangshi435002China
| | - Ziling Li
- Hubei Key laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation & UtilizationHubei Engineering Research Center of Special Wild Vegetables Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization TechnologySchool of Life ScienceHubei Normal UniversityHuangshi435002China
| | - Xinpeng Chen
- Hubei Key laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation & UtilizationHubei Engineering Research Center of Special Wild Vegetables Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization TechnologySchool of Life ScienceHubei Normal UniversityHuangshi435002China
- National Laboratory of BiomacromoleculesCAS Center for Excellence in BiomacromoleculesInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
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15
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Xi G, Cheng R, Liang L, Che N, Wang Y, Zhao N, Liang X, Shao B, Zhao X, Zhang D. High expression of RNF31 is associated with tumor immune cell infiltration and leads to poor prognosis in liver hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6957. [PMID: 37117215 PMCID: PMC10147728 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32692-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Ring finger protein 31 (RNF31) has been found to play an important role in tumor immunity. However, the role of RNF31 in liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) has not been reported. Therefore, we investigated the expression and prognostic value of RNF31 in patients with LIHC and explored its relationship with immune cell infiltration. The Cancer Genome Atlas liver hepatocellular carcinoma (TCGA-LIHC) dataset was downloaded to analyse the impact of RNF31 on the prognosis and immune cell infiltration of LIHC. The Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) database was used to analyse the correlation between RNF31 and tumor immune cell infiltration in LIHC. Additionally, we analysed the relationship between RNF31 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) as well as the interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) signaling pathway. The expression of RNF31 in LIHC was significantly higher than that in normal tissues. Increased RNF31 expression was associated with decreased overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS). An increase in RNF31 expression was closely related to the infiltration levels of immune cells (e.g., natural killer (NK) cells, CD8 + T cells, and B cells). RNF31 was also positively correlated with the expression of immune checkpoint genes in LIHC. Moreover, RNF31 may participate in TNF and IFN-γ signaling pathways. In conclusion, RNF31 is a potentially valuable prognostic biomarker in LIHC. RNF31 is also associated with immune cell infiltration in LIHC. RNF31 may be a potential target for immunotherapy of LIHC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guifu Xi
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Runfen Cheng
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Leiting Liang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Na Che
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yalei Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Xiaohui Liang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Bing Shao
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Xiulan Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Danfang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
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16
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Chu X, Dai X, Pu W, Guo H, Huang G, Huang B, Cui T, Zhang C. Co-exposure to molybdenum and cadmium triggers pyroptosis and autophagy by PI3K/AKT axis in duck spleens. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:635-644. [PMID: 36399440 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Excessive amounts of molybdenum (Mo) and cadmium (Cd) are toxicant, but their combined immunotoxicity are not clearly understood. To estimate united impacts of Mo and Cd on pyroptosis and autophagy by PI3K/AKT axis in duck spleens, Mo or/and Cd subchronic toxicity models of ducks were established by feeding diets with different dosages of Mo or/and Cd. Data show that Mo or/and Cd cause oxidative stress by increasing MDA concentration, and decreasing T-AOC, CAT, GSH-Px and T-SOD activities, restrain PI3K/AKT axis by decreasing PI3K, AKT, p-AKT expression levels, which evokes pyroptosis and autophagy by elevating IL-1β, IL-18 concentrations and NLRP3, Caspase-1, ASC, GSDME, GSDMA, NEK7, IL-1β, IL-18 expression levels, promoting autophagosomes, LC3 puncta, Atg5, LC3A, LC3B, LC3II/LC3I and Beclin-1 expression levels, and reducing expression levels of P62 and Dynein. Furthermore, the variations of abovementioned indexes are most pronounced in co-treated group. Overall, results reveal that Mo or/and Cd may evoke pyroptosis and autophagy by PI3K/AKT axis in duck spleens. The association of Mo and Cd exacerbates the changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesheng Chu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueyan Dai
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Pu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiling Guo
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Huang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingyan Huang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Cui
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Caiying Zhang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
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Autophagy/Mitophagy Regulated by Ubiquitination: A Promising Pathway in Cancer Therapeutics. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041112. [PMID: 36831455 PMCID: PMC9954143 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is essential for organismal development, maintenance of energy homeostasis, and quality control of organelles and proteins. As a selective form of autophagy, mitophagy is necessary for effectively eliminating dysfunctional mitochondria. Both autophagy and mitophagy are linked with tumor progression and inhibition. The regulation of mitophagy and autophagy depend upon tumor type and stage. In tumors, mitophagy has dual roles: it removes damaged mitochondria to maintain healthy mitochondria and energy production, which are necessary for tumor growth. In contrast, mitophagy has been shown to inhibit tumor growth by mitigating excessive ROS production, thus preventing mutation and chromosomal instability. Ubiquitination and deubiquitination are important modifications that regulate autophagy. Multiple E3 ubiquitin ligases and DUBs modulate the activity of the autophagy and mitophagy machinery, thereby influencing cancer progression. In this review, we summarize the mechanistic association between cancer development and autophagy/mitophagy activities regulated by the ubiquitin modification of autophagic proteins. In addition, we discuss the function of multiple proteins involved in autophagy/mitophagy in tumors that may represent potential therapeutic targets.
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18
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Liu Y, Li Z, Xiao H, Xie B, He J, Song M, Wang J, Geng J, Dai H, Wang C. USP13 Deficiency Impairs Autophagy and Facilitates Age-related Lung Fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2023; 68:49-61. [PMID: 36150040 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2022-0002oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an age-related disease. Failure of the proteostasis network with age, including insufficient autophagy, contributes to the pathology of IPF. Mechanisms underlying autophagy disruption in IPF are unclear and may involve regulation of USP (ubiquitin-specific protease) by post-translational modifications. To expand our previous observation of low USP13 expression in IPF, this study evaluated the role of USP13 in age-related lung fibrosis. Here, we demonstrated that Usp13-deficient aged mice exhibited impaired autophagic activity and increased vulnerability to bleomycin-induced fibrosis. Mechanistically, USP13 interacted with and deubiquitinated Beclin 1, and Beclin 1 overexpression abolished the effects of USP13 disruption. In addition, Beclin 1 inhibition resulted in insufficient autophagy and more severe lung fibrosis after bleomycin injury, consistent with the phenotype of aged Usp13-deficient mice. Collectively, we show a protective role of USP13 in age-related pulmonary fibrosis. Aging-mediated USP13 loss impairs autophagic activity and facilitates lung fibrosis through Beclin 1 deubiquitination. Our findings support the notion that age-dependent dysregulation of autophagic regulators enhances vulnerability to lung fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College and.,National Center for Respiratory Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; and
| | - Zhen Li
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College and.,National Center for Respiratory Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; and
| | - Huijuan Xiao
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; and.,School of Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Bingbing Xie
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; and
| | - Jiarui He
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; and
| | - Meiyue Song
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Geng
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; and
| | - Huaping Dai
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College and.,National Center for Respiratory Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; and
| | - Chen Wang
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College and.,State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,National Center for Respiratory Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; and.,School of Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Lipopolysaccharide Inhibits Autophagy and Promotes Inflammatory Responses via p38 MAPK-Induced Proteasomal Degradation of Atg13 in Hepatic Stellate Cells. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2022:9603989. [PMID: 36148140 PMCID: PMC9489415 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9603989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammation plays a critical role in the progression of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). Atg13 is a vital regulatory component of the ULK1 complex, which plays an essential role in the initiation of autophagy. Previously, hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) were considered to be noninflammatory cells that contribute only to hepatic fibrosis. Recently, it has been found that HSCs can secrete inflammatory cytokines and participate in hepatic inflammation. Autophagy and proteasome-mediated degradation constitute two major means of protein turnover in cells. Autophagy has been shown to regulate inflammation, but it is unclear whether ubiquitin (Ub)-proteasome system (UPS) is involved in inflammatory responses in HSCs during ACLF. Methods Clinical data were collected from ACLF patients, and surgically resected paraffin-embedded human ACLF liver tissue specimens were collected. The expression of Atg13 was assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting. Secretion of IL-1β was assessed by ELISA. Atg13 was knocked down by siRNA in LX2 cells. Coimmunoprecipitation assay was used to detect protein binding and polyubiquitination of Atg13. In vitro tests with LX2 cells were performed to explore the effects and regulation of p38 MAPK, Atg13, UPS, autophagy, and inflammation. Results Serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was positively associated with disease severity in ACLF patients, and p38 MAPK was overexpressed in ACLF liver tissue. We evaluated the role of Atg13 in HSC inflammation and explored the possible underlying mechanisms. Inflammatory factors were upregulated via activation of p38 MAPK and inhibition of autophagy in LX-2 cells. Expression of Atg13 was decreased in LPS-incubated LX2 cells. Atg13 knockdown markedly inhibited autophagy and promoted LPS-induced inflammation in LX2 cells. Our in vitro experiments also showed that LPS induced depletion of Atg13 via UPS, and this process was dependent on p38 MAPK. Conclusions LPS induces proteasomal degradation of Atg13 via p38 MAPK, thereby participating in the aggravation of LPS-induced autophagy inhibition and inflammatory responses in LX2 cells. Atg13 serves as a mediator between autophagy and proteasome. Modulation of Atg13 or proteasome activity might be a novel strategy for treating HSC inflammation.
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Liu B, Yan Y, Wang X, Chen N, Wu J. Locally generated C3 regulates the clearance of Toxoplasma gondii by IFN-γ-primed macrophage through regulation of xenophagy. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:944006. [PMID: 35992649 PMCID: PMC9386420 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.944006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exogenous pathogen infection can induce autophagy in cells. Autophagy is essential for cell survival, development, and homeostasis. It not only regulates cell defense and stress, but also has a close relationship with innate and adaptive immunity. Complement is an important part of innate immunity, which could be activated by three approaches, including classic, alternative, and lectin pathways. All the three pathways result in the activation of C3, and generate anaphylatoxin fragments C3a and C5a, and formation of the membrane attack complex. Either C3a or C5a induces the inflammatory cytokines through binding to C3aR or C5aR, respectively. However, it is still unknown whether the complement could regulate the autophagy of intracellular microorganisms or not. In this study, we constructed a Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) and macrophages co-culture experimental model using T. gondii expressing enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) fluorescence and C3−/-C57BL/6 J mice for that T. gondii invaded peritoneal macrophages in mice. Western blot, laser confocal microscopy (LCM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to observe the changes of autophagy between the macrophages from wild-type (WT) and C3−/− mice. Flow cytometry and LCM were used to investigate the effect of autophagy on the killing ability of macrophages against T. gondii. Here, we found that local C3 could suppress not only the canonical autophagy of macrophage, but also the xenophagy to T. gondii. Interestingly, the inhibition of C3 on host cell autophagy could significantly suppress the clearance of T. gondii by the IFN-γ-primed macrophage. Finally, we investigated the mechanism of the autophagy regulation of C3 that the effect of C3 on the macrophage-specific autophagy against T. gondii depends on mTOR. And, there is C3a but not C5a/C5aR involved in regulating macrophage xenophagy against T. gondii. Collectively, our findings suggest locally generated C3 regulates the clearance of T. gondii by Macrophage through the regulation of the non-canonical IFN-γ-dependent autophagy pathway, and paint a clearer picture in the regulation of autophagy by innate immune components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- Department of Hematology. The No. 967 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division, The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoreng Wang
- Laboratory of Radiation Injury Treatment, Medical Innovation Research Division, The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Nannan Chen
- Department of Hematology. The No. 967 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- Nannan Chen,
| | - Jue Wu
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division, The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jue Wu,
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Irisin protects against vascular calcification by activating autophagy and inhibiting NLRP3-mediated vascular smooth muscle cell pyroptosis in chronic kidney disease. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:283. [PMID: 35354793 PMCID: PMC8967887 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04735-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Irisin protects the cardiovascular system against vascular diseases. However, its role in chronic kidney disease (CKD) -associated vascular calcification (VC) and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated the potential link among Irisin, pyroptosis, and VC under CKD conditions. During mouse vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) calcification induced by β-glycerophosphate (β-GP), the pyroptosis level was increased, as evidenced by the upregulated expression of pyroptosis-related proteins (cleaved CASP1, GSDMD-N, and IL1B) and pyroptotic cell death (increased numbers of PI-positive cells and LDH release). Reducing the pyroptosis levels by a CASP1 inhibitor remarkably decreased calcium deposition in β-GP-treated VSMCs. Further experiments revealed that the pyroptosis pathway was activated by excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and subsequent NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation in calcified VSMCs. Importantly, Irisin effectively inhibited β-GP-induced calcium deposition in VSMCs in vitro and in mice aortic rings ex vivo. Overexpression of Nlrp3 attenuated the suppressive effect of Irisin on VSMC calcification. In addition, Irisin could induce autophagy and restore autophagic flux in calcified VSMCs. Adding the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine or chloroquine attenuated the inhibitory effect of Irisin on β-GP-induced ROS production, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, pyroptosis, and calcification in VSMCs. Finally, our in vivo study showed that Irisin treatment promoted autophagy, downregulated ROS level and thereby suppressed pyroptosis and medial calcification in aortic tissues of adenine-induced CKD mice. Together, our findings for the first time demonstrated that Irisin protected against VC via inducing autophagy and inhibiting VSMC pyroptosis in CKD, and Irisin might serve as an effective therapeutic agent for CKD-associated VC.
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22
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Ning S, Luo L, Yu B, Mai D, Wang F. Structures, functions, and inhibitors of LUBAC and its related diseases. J Leukoc Biol 2022; 112:799-811. [PMID: 35266190 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3mr0222-508r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination is a reversible posttranslational modification in which ubiquitin is covalently attached to substrates at catalysis by E1, E2, and E3 enzymes. As the only E3 ligase for assembling linear ubiquitin chains in animals, the LUBAC complex exerts an essential role in the wide variety of cellular activities. Recent advances in the LUBAC complex, including structure, physiology, and correlation with malignant diseases, have enabled the discovery of potent inhibitors to treat immune-related diseases and cancer brought by LUBAC complex dysfunction. In this review, we summarize the current progress on the structures, physiologic functions, inhibitors of LUBAC, and its potential role in immune diseases, tumors, and other diseases, providing the theoretical basis for therapy of related diseases targeting the LUBAC complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Ning
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Lingling Luo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Beiming Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Dina Mai
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
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Cao SH, Chen ZH, Ma RY, Yue L, Jiang HM, Dong LH. Dynamics and Functional Interplay of Nonhistone Lysine Crotonylome and Ubiquitylome in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotypic Remodeling. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:783739. [PMID: 35369347 PMCID: PMC8964401 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.783739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe crotonylation of histones is discovered of late as one of the post-translational modifications (PTMs) that can regulate gene expression. However, the function of crotonylation on nonhistone proteins in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is unclear. Here, we aim to find the cellular characteristics of crotonylated nonhistone proteins and the cross talk with ubiquitinated proteins in VSMC phenotypic remodeling using the modified omics and proteomic analysis.MethodsWe performed the modified omics and proteomic analysis of VSMCs before and after the stimulation with platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB). The crotonylated and ubiquitinated pan-antibody was used to enrich proteins and then subjected to a high-throughput mass spectrometry analysis. The enrichment analysis was performed within differentially modified proteins in regard to GO terms, KEGG, and protein domains.ResultsAs a result, there were 2,138 crotonylation sites in 534 proteins and 1,359 ubiquitination sites corresponding to 657 proteins. These crotonylated proteins detected after PDGF-BB stimulation might be involved in various vital cellular pathways and carry out important functions in VSMCs. Some of them closely took part in significant physiological processes of VSMC phenotypic remodeling, including glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, vascular smooth muscle contraction, and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Furthermore, the KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed the involvement of ubiquitinated proteins in the physiological processes of VSMC phenotypic remodeling, including glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, vascular smooth muscle contraction, RAS signaling pathway, or the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. A cross talk analysis showed that there were 199 sites within the 177 proteins modified by crotonylation and ubiquitination simultaneously. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis indicated that crotonylated and ubiquitinated proteins play an important role in cellular bioprocess commonly and possibly have a synergistic effect.ConclusionIn summary, our bioinformatics analysis shows that the crotonylation and ubiquitination of nonhistone proteins play an essential role in VSMC phenotypic transformation induced by PDGF-BB stimulation. The cross talk between crotonylation and ubiquitination in glycolysis is possibly a novel mechanism during VSMC phenotypic remodeling.
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Identification of Immune Markers in Dilated Cardiomyopathies with Heart Failure by Integrated Weighted Gene Coexpression Network Analysis. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13030393. [PMID: 35327947 PMCID: PMC8950518 DOI: 10.3390/genes13030393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), a heterogeneous cardiomyopathy, is a major cause of heart failure and heart transplant. Currently, immunotherapy is believed to be an effective treatment method for DCM. However, individual differences are so obvious that the clinical effect is not satisfactory. In order to find immune-related biomarkers of DCM to guide treatment and improve clinical efficacy, we downloaded a GSE120895 dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database using CIBERSORT and WGCNA algorithms in RStudio and visualizing the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network for key modules by Cytoscape, and finally obtained six hub genes. A GSE17800 dataset was downloaded from the GEO dataset to verify the diagnostic values of hub genes, MYG1, FLOT1, and ATG13, which were excellent. Our study revealed unpublished potential immune mechanisms, biomarkers, and therapeutic targets of DCM.
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Ramser A, Greene E, Alrubaye AA, Wideman R, Dridi S. Role of Autophagy Machinery Dysregulation in Bacterial Chondronecrosis with Osteomyelitis (BCO). Poult Sci 2022; 101:101750. [PMID: 35278754 PMCID: PMC8914211 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a cell survival and homeostasis mechanism involving lysosomal degradation of cellular components and foreign bodies. It plays a role in bone homeostasis, skeletal diseases, and bacterial infections as both a cell-survival or cell-death pathway. This study sought to determine if autophagy played a role in bacterial chondronecrosis with osteomyelitis (BCO). BCO is a prominent cause of lameness in modern broilers and results from bacterial infection of mechanically stressed leg bone growth plates. The protein and gene expression of key autophagy machinery was analyzed in both normal and BCO-affected broilers using real-time qPCR and immunoblot, respectively. Gene expression showed a significant downregulation of key target signatures involved in every stage of autophagy in BCO-affected bone, such as ATG13, SQSTM1 (p62), ATG9B, ATG16L, ATG12, LC3C, and RAB7A. Additionally, protein expression for LC3 was also significantly lower in BCO. An in vitro study using human fetal osteoblast cells challenged with BCO isolate, Staphylococcus agnetis 908, showed a similar dysregulation of autophagy machinery along with a significant decrease in cell viability. When autophagy was inhibited via 3-methyladenine or chloroquine, comparable decreases in cell viability were seen along with dysregulation of autophagy machinery. Together, these results are the first to implicate autophagy machinery dysregulation in the pathology of BCO.
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A detrimental role of NLRP6 in host iron metabolism during Salmonella infection. Redox Biol 2021; 49:102217. [PMID: 34942528 PMCID: PMC8695358 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintaining host iron homeostasis is an essential component of nutritional immunity responsible for sequestrating iron from pathogens and controlling infection. Nucleotide-oligomerization domain-like receptors (NLRs) contribute to cytoplasmic sensing and antimicrobial response orchestration. However, it remains unknown whether and how NLRs may regulate host iron metabolism, an important component of nutritional immunity. Here, we demonstrated that NLRP6, a member of the NLR family, has an unconventional role in regulating host iron metabolism that perturbs host resistance to bacterial infection. NLRP6 deficiency is advantageous for maintaining cellular iron homeostasis in both macrophages and enterocytes through increasing the unique iron exporter ferroportin-mediated iron efflux in a nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2–related factor 2 (NRF2)-dependent manner. Additional studies uncovered a novel mechanism underlying NRF2 regulation and operating through NLRP6/AKT interaction and that causes a decrease in AKT phosphorylation, which in turn reduces NRF2 nuclear translocation. In the absence of NLRP6, increased AKT activation promotes NRF2/KEAP1 dissociation via increasing mTOR-mediated p62 phosphorylation and downregulates KEAP1 transcription by promoting FOXO3A phosphorylation. Together, our observations provide new insights into the mechanism of nutritional immunity by revealing a novel function of NLRP6 in regulating iron metabolism, and suggest NLRP6 as a therapeutic target for limiting bacterial iron acquisition.
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Tripathi-Giesgen I, Behrends C, Alpi AF. The ubiquitin ligation machinery in the defense against bacterial pathogens. EMBO Rep 2021; 22:e52864. [PMID: 34515402 PMCID: PMC8567218 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202152864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin system is an important part of the host cellular defense program during bacterial infection. This is in particular evident for a number of bacteria including Salmonella Typhimurium and Mycobacterium tuberculosis which—inventively as part of their invasion strategy or accidentally upon rupture of seized host endomembranes—become exposed to the host cytosol. Ubiquitylation is involved in the detection and clearance of these bacteria as well as in the activation of innate immune and inflammatory signaling. Remarkably, all these defense responses seem to emanate from a dense layer of ubiquitin which coats the invading pathogens. In this review, we focus on the diverse group of host cell E3 ubiquitin ligases that help to tailor this ubiquitin coat. In particular, we address how the divergent ubiquitin conjugation mechanisms of these ligases contribute to the complexity of the anti‐bacterial coating and the recruitment of different ubiquitin‐binding effectors. We also discuss the activation and coordination of the different E3 ligases and which strategies bacteria evolved to evade the activities of the host ubiquitin system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Tripathi-Giesgen
- Department of Molecular Machines and Signaling, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Christian Behrends
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, München, Germany
| | - Arno F Alpi
- Department of Molecular Machines and Signaling, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
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He R, Zhou Y, Liu J, Zhang X, Zhao X, An L, Li Z, Cheng F. UCHL3 plays an important role in the occurrence and development of melanoma. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:756. [PMID: 34539860 PMCID: PMC8436366 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.13017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L3 (UCHL3) plays an important role in cancer development; however, the role of UCHL3 in melanoma remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the role of ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L3 (UCHL3) and determine its underlying molecular mechanisms in melanoma occurrence and development using in vitro studies. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analysis was performed to detect UCHL3 mRNA expression. The MTT assay was performed to assess cell proliferation. Cell apoptosis was analyzed via flow cytometry and the TUNEL assay. Cell ultrastructure was observed via transmission electron microscopy. LC3B protein expression was detected via cellular immunofluorescence, while neural precursor cell-expressed developmentally downregulated protein 8 (NEDD8) and LC3 protein expression levels, and NEDD8 ubiquitination were detected via western blot analysis. The results demonstrated that transfection with small interfering (si)RNA-UCHL3 significantly suppressed cell proliferation, whereas apoptosis was significantly enhanced, as well as autophagy, autophagosome formation and LC3B protein expression. In addition, NEDD8 protein expression and autophagosome numbers significantly decreased, while the LC3II/LC3I ratio significantly increased. NEDD8 knockdown via transfection with si-NEDD8 had similar effects to si-UCHL3, as well as si-UCHL3+ si-NEDD8. Taken together, the results of the present study suggest that UCHL3 knockdown decreases melanoma cell proliferation by increasing cell autophagy through regulating NEDD8 expression and autophagosome numbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runzhi He
- The Third Department of Neurosurgery, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei 054001, P.R. China
| | - Yajing Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei 054001, P.R. China
| | - Jianmin Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei 054001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaochong Zhang
- Science and Education Section, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei 054001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoling Zhao
- Tumor Laboratory, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei 054001, P.R. China
| | - Lihui An
- Department of Dermatology, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei 054001, P.R. China
| | - Zihan Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei 054001, P.R. China
| | - Fang Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei 054001, P.R. China
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29
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Sun-Wang JL, Yarritu-Gallego A, Ivanova S, Zorzano A. The ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy: self-digestion for metabolic health. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2021; 32:594-608. [PMID: 34034951 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2021.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global health challenge. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of T2DM is key to improving current therapies. Loss of protein homeostasis leads to the accumulation of damaged proteins in cells, which results in tissue dysfunction. The elimination of damaged proteins occurs through the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and autophagy. In this review, we describe the mutual regulation between the UPS and autophagy and the involvement of these two proteolytic systems in metabolic dysregulation, insulin resistance, and T2DM. We propose that alterations in the UPS or autophagy contribute to triggering insulin resistance and the development of T2DM. In addition, these two pathways emerge as promising therapeutic targets for improving insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liang Sun-Wang
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Alex Yarritu-Gallego
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a Cooperation of Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Saška Ivanova
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Zorzano
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Barcelona, Spain.
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30
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Verboom L, Hoste E, van Loo G. OTULIN in NF-κB signaling, cell death, and disease. Trends Immunol 2021; 42:590-603. [PMID: 34074601 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Tight control of inflammatory signaling pathways is an absolute requirement to avoid chronic inflammation and disease. One of the proteins responsible for such control is OTU deubiquitinase with linear linkage specificity (OTULIN), the only mammalian deubiquitinating enzyme (DUB) exclusively hydrolyzing linear ubiquitin chains from proteins modified by the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC) described thus far. Recent findings show that loss-of-function mutations in OTULIN underlie a severe early-onset human autoinflammatory disease and severe pathology in experimental mouse models. Here, we review the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which OTULIN controls inflammation and discuss the involvement of OTULIN in inflammatory disease development. We also highlight several newly identified roles for OTULIN, including a ubiquitin-independent function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lien Verboom
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Esther Hoste
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geert van Loo
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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31
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Qiu Y, Wang J, Li H, Yang B, Wang J, He Q, Weng Q. Emerging views of OPTN (optineurin) function in the autophagic process associated with disease. Autophagy 2021; 18:73-85. [PMID: 33783320 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2021.1908722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy/autophagy is a highly conserved process in eukaryotic cells. It plays a critical role in cellular homeostasis by delivering cytoplasmic cargos to lysosomes for selective degradation. OPTN (optineurin), a well-recognized autophagy receptor, has received considerable attention due to its multiple roles in the autophagic process. OPTN is associated with many human disorders that are closely related to autophagy, such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis, and nephropathy. Here, we review the function of OPTN as an autophagy receptor at different stages of autophagy, focusing on cargo recognition, autophagosome formation, autophagosome maturation, and lysosomal quality control. OPTN tends to be protective in most autophagy associated diseases, though the molecular mechanism of OPTN regulation in these diseases is not well understood. A comprehensive review of the function of OPTN in autophagy provides valuable insight into the pathogenesis of human diseases related to OPTN and facilitates the discovery of potential key regulators and novel therapeutic targets for disease intervention in patients with autophagic diseases.Abbreviations: ATG: autophagy-related; APAP: acetaminophen; CALCOCO2/NDP52: calcium binding and coiled-coil domain 2; CC: coiled-coil; HACE1: HECT domain and ankyrin repeat containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1; MYO6: myosin VI; IKBKG/NEMO: inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinase regulatory subunit gamma; IKK: IκB kinase; LIR: LC3-interacting region; LZ: leucine zipper; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; NFKB/NF-κB: nuclear factor kappa B subunit; OPTN: optineurin; PIK3C3: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3; PINK1: PTEN induced kinase 1; PRKN: parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase; RTECs: renal tubular epithelial cells; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; TBK1: TANK binding kinase 1; TOM1: target of myb1 membrane trafficking protein; UBD: ubiquitin-binding domain; ULK1: unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1; WIPI2: WD repeat domain, phosphoinositide interacting 2; ZF: zinc finger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueping Qiu
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Li
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiaojun He
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinjie Weng
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Xu H, Wang Y, Luo Y. OTULIN is a new target of EA treatment in the alleviation of brain injury and glial cell activation via suppression of the NF-κB signalling pathway in acute ischaemic stroke rats. Mol Med 2021; 27:37. [PMID: 33836646 PMCID: PMC8035756 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00297-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ovarian tumour domain deubiquitinase with linear linkage specificity (OTULIN) is a potent negative regulator of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signalling pathway, and it plays a strong neuroprotective role following acute ischemic stroke. Electroacupuncture (EA) is an effective adjuvant treatment for reducing brain injury and neuroinflammation via the inhibition of NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation, but the underlying mechanism is not clear. The present study investigated whether OTULIN was necessary for EA to mitigate brain injury and glial cell activation in a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) model in rats. METHODS An acute ischaemic stroke model was established via tMCAO surgery in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. EA was performed once daily at "Baihui (GV 20)", "Hegu (LI 4)", and "Taichong (LR 3)" acupoints. The effect of EA on the spatiotemporal expression of OTULIN in the ischaemic penumbra of the cerebral cortex was detected within 7 days after reperfusion. The effects of OTULIN gene silencing on EA neurological deficits, cerebral infarct volume, neuronal damage, the activation of microglia and astrocytes, the contents of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), and the expression of p-IκBa, IκBa and nucleus/cytoplasm NF-κB p65 protein were assessed. RESULTS EA treatment increased endogenous OTULIN expression, which peaked at 48 h. Enhanced OTULIN was primarily located in neurons, but a small amount of OTULIN was detected in microglia. OTULIN silencing obviously reversed EA neuroprotection, which was demonstrated by worsened neurobehavioural performance, cerebral infarct volume and neuronal injury. The inhibitory effect of EA on the NF-κB pathway was also attenuated by enhanced IκBα phosphorylation and NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation. EA partially inhibited the transformation of microglia and astrocytes from resting states to activated states and reduced the secretion of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6. However, these preventive effects were reversed after the silencing of OTULIN expression. CONCLUSIONS OTULIN provides a new potential therapeutic target for EA to alleviate acute ischaemic stroke-induced brain injury and the activation of glial cells, which are related to suppression of the NF-κB signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbei Xu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, 550004, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - You Wang
- Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yong Luo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
- Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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33
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Tang CT, Yang J, Liu ZD, Chen Y, Zeng C. Taraxasterol acetate targets RNF31 to inhibit RNF31/p53 axis-driven cell proliferation in colorectal cancer. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:66. [PMID: 33824292 PMCID: PMC8024285 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00449-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide. Several studies have suggested that taraxasterol acetate (TA) can inhibit the growth of tumor cells. However, to date, it remains unclear how TA inhibits cell growth and how RNF31 functions as an oncogene. We examined the expression of RNF31 in CRC tissue samples via immunohistochemistry and elucidated the function of RNF31 in CRC cells by constructing a cell model with RNF31 depletion. A cycloheximide (CHX)-chase analysis and immunofluorescence assays were conducted to demonstrate that TA can promote RNF31 degradation by activating autophagy. We used the PharmMapper website to predict targets of TA and identified RNF31. CHX-chase experiments showed that TA could facilitate RNF31 degradation, which was inhibited by the administration of chloroquine. Immunofluorescence assays showed that RNF31 protein was colocalized with LC3I/II and p62, suggesting that TA promoted RNF31 degradation by activating autophagy. We also found that CRC patients with RNF31 overexpression had poorer survival than those with low RNF31 expression. The results of the CHX-chase experiment showed that depletion of RNF31 alleviated p53 degradation, which was inhibited by MG132. A series of co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assays revealed that RNF31 interacts with p53 and promotes p53 ubiquitination and degradation. A Co-IP assay performed with a truncated RNF31 plasmid showed that the PUB domain interacts with p53. Moreover, the PUB domain is the key structure in the induction of p53 ubiquitination. Our findings reveal a key role of RNF31 in CRC cell growth and indicate a mechanism through which TA inhibits cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Tao Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zi-De Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Youxiang Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
| | - Chunyan Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
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Miyashita H, Oikawa D, Terawaki S, Kabata D, Shintani A, Tokunaga F. Crosstalk Between NDP52 and LUBAC in Innate Immune Responses, Cell Death, and Xenophagy. Front Immunol 2021; 12:635475. [PMID: 33815386 PMCID: PMC8017197 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.635475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear dot protein 52 kDa (NDP52, also known as CALCOCO2) functions as a selective autophagy receptor. The linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC) specifically generates the N-terminal Met1-linked linear ubiquitin chain, and regulates innate immune responses, such as nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), interferon (IFN) antiviral, and apoptotic pathways. Although NDP52 and LUBAC cooperatively regulate bacterial invasion-induced xenophagy, their functional crosstalk remains enigmatic. Here we show that NDP52 suppresses canonical NF-κB signaling through the broad specificity of ubiquitin-binding at the C-terminal UBZ domain. Upon TNF-α-stimulation, NDP52 associates with LUBAC through the HOIP subunit, but does not disturb its ubiquitin ligase activity, and has a modest suppressive effect on NF-κB activation by functioning as a component of TNF-α receptor signaling complex I. NDP52 also regulates the TNF-α-induced apoptotic pathway, but not doxorubicin-induced intrinsic apoptosis. A chemical inhibitor of LUBAC (HOIPIN-8) cancelled the increased activation of the NF-κB and IFN antiviral pathways, and enhanced apoptosis in NDP52-knockout and -knockdown HeLa cells. Upon Salmonella-infection, colocalization of Salmonella, LC3, and linear ubiquitin was detected in parental HeLa cells to induce xenophagy. Treatment with HOIPIN-8 disturbed the colocalization and facilitated Salmonella expansion. In contrast, HOIPIN-8 showed little effect on the colocalization of LC3 and Salmonella in NDP52-knockout cells, suggesting that NDP52 is a weak regulator in LUBAC-mediated xenophagy. These results indicate that the crosstalk between NDP52 and LUBAC regulates innate immune responses, apoptosis, and xenophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirohisa Miyashita
- Department of Pathobiochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Oikawa
- Department of Pathobiochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Seigo Terawaki
- Department of Pathobiochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daijiro Kabata
- Department of Medical Statistics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ayumi Shintani
- Department of Medical Statistics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Fuminori Tokunaga
- Department of Pathobiochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
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35
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Fiil BK, Gyrd-Hansen M. The Met1-linked ubiquitin machinery in inflammation and infection. Cell Death Differ 2021; 28:557-569. [PMID: 33473179 PMCID: PMC7816137 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-00702-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination is an essential post-translational modification that regulates most cellular processes. The assembly of ubiquitin into polymeric chains by E3 ubiquitin ligases underlies the pleiotropic functions ubiquitin chains regulate. Ubiquitin chains assembled via the N-terminal methionine, termed Met1-linked ubiquitin chains or linear ubiquitin chains, have emerged as essential signalling scaffolds that regulate pro-inflammatory responses, anti-viral interferon responses, cell death and xenophagy of bacterial pathogens downstream of innate immune receptors. Met1-linked ubiquitin chains are exclusively assembled by the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex, LUBAC, and are disassembled by the deubiquitinases OTULIN and CYLD. Genetic defects that perturb the regulation of Met1-linked ubiquitin chains causes severe immune-related disorders, illustrating their potent signalling capacity. Here, we review the current knowledge about the cellular machinery that conjugates, recognises, and disassembles Met1-linked ubiquitin chains, and discuss the function of this unique posttranslational modification in regulating inflammation, cell death and immunity to pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berthe Katrine Fiil
- grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XLEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Maersk Tower, Blegdamsvej 3B, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mads Gyrd-Hansen
- grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XLEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Maersk Tower, Blegdamsvej 3B, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark ,grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford, OX3 7DQ UK
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Jahan AS, Elbæk CR, Damgaard RB. Met1-linked ubiquitin signalling in health and disease: inflammation, immunity, cancer, and beyond. Cell Death Differ 2021; 28:473-492. [PMID: 33441937 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-00676-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modification of proteins with ubiquitin (ubiquitination) provides a rapid and versatile mechanism for regulating cellular signalling systems. Met1-linked (or 'linear') ubiquitin chains have emerged as a key regulatory signal that controls cell death, immune signalling, and other vital cellular functions. The molecular machinery that assembles, senses, and disassembles Met1-linked ubiquitin chains is highly specific. In recent years, the thorough biochemical and genetic characterisation of the enzymes and proteins of the Met1-linked ubiquitin signalling machinery has paved the way for substantial advances in our understanding of how Met1-linked ubiquitin chains control cell signalling and biology. Here, we review current knowledge and recent insights into the role of Met1-linked ubiquitin chains in cell signalling with an emphasis on their role in disease biology. Met1-linked ubiquitin has potent regulatory functions in immune signalling, NF-κB transcription factor activation, and cell death. Importantly, mounting evidence shows that dysregulation of Met1-linked ubiquitin signalling is associated with multiple human diseases, including immune disorders, cancer, and neurodegeneration. We discuss the latest evidence on the cellular function of Met1-linked ubiquitin in the context of its associated diseases and highlight new emerging roles of Met1-linked ubiquitin chains in cell signalling, including regulation of protein quality control and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhee Sabiha Jahan
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Camilla Reiter Elbæk
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Rune Busk Damgaard
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark.
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37
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The Roles of Ubiquitin in Mediating Autophagy. Cells 2020; 9:cells9092025. [PMID: 32887506 PMCID: PMC7564124 DOI: 10.3390/cells9092025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination, the post-translational modification essential for various intracellular processes, is implicated in multiple aspects of autophagy, the major lysosome/vacuole-dependent degradation pathway. The autophagy machinery adopted the structural architecture of ubiquitin and employs two ubiquitin-like protein conjugation systems for autophagosome biogenesis. Ubiquitin chains that are attached as labels to protein aggregates or subcellular organelles confer selectivity, allowing autophagy receptors to simultaneously bind ubiquitinated cargos and autophagy-specific ubiquitin-like modifiers (Atg8-family proteins). Moreover, there is tremendous crosstalk between autophagy and the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Ubiquitination of autophagy-related proteins or regulatory components plays significant roles in the precise control of the autophagy pathway. In this review, we summarize and discuss the molecular mechanisms and functions of ubiquitin and ubiquitination, in the process and regulation of autophagy.
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