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Pei X, Wang F, Du H, He M, Li L, Gou C, Chen Z, Wang Y, Kong F, Zhao L. Genome-wide identification and functional prediction of BYPASS1-related (BPS1) homologs in soybean. MOLECULAR BREEDING : NEW STRATEGIES IN PLANT IMPROVEMENT 2023; 43:59. [PMID: 37496826 PMCID: PMC10366038 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-023-01403-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
The BYPASS1-related gene (BPS1) encodes a protein with an unknown functional domain that regulates plant organ growth and development by inhibiting the continuous production of a root-derived long-distance signaling molecule called bypass (bps). We conducted a comprehensive study to investigate the BPS gene family in soybean and identified twenty-three BPS genes in Glycine max and twenty BPS genes in Glycine soja (wild soybean). Collinearity analysis revealied the existence of multiple orthologs of soybean BPS genes in wild soybean, indicating incomplete conservation between the BPS genes of soybean and wild soybean. Phylogenetic analysis successfully categorized all BPS genes into five distinct groups. We further scrutinized their chromosomal locations, gene structures, conserved motifs, cis-acting elements, and expression patterns. Leveraging publicly available data on genetic variation, phenotypic variation, and single-cell transcriptome sequencing of root nodules, we discovered a potential association between BPS genes and multiple soybean traits, particularly those related to the root nodule phenotype. This pioneering study provides a systematic and comprehensive examination of the BPS gene family in soybean. The findings establish a robust foundation for future investigations into the functional roles of BPS genes in plant growth and development. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-023-01403-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Pei
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Ministry of Education China, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiping Du
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Milan He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lanxin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuanjie Gou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fanjiang Kong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Ministry of Education China, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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Planthopper salivary sheath protein LsSP1 contributes to manipulation of rice plant defenses. Nat Commun 2023; 14:737. [PMID: 36759625 PMCID: PMC9911632 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36403-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Salivary elicitors secreted by herbivorous insects can be perceived by host plants to trigger plant immunity. However, how insects secrete other salivary components to subsequently attenuate the elicitor-induced plant immunity remains poorly understood. Here, we study the small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus salivary sheath protein LsSP1. Using Y2H, BiFC and LUC assays, we show that LsSP1 is secreted into host plants and binds to salivary sheath via mucin-like protein (LsMLP). Rice plants pre-infested with dsLsSP1-treated L. striatellus are less attractive to L. striatellus nymphs than those pre-infected with dsGFP-treated controls. Transgenic rice plants with LsSP1 overexpression rescue the insect feeding defects caused by a deficiency of LsSP1 secretion, consistent with the potential role of LsSP1 in manipulating plant defenses. Our results illustrate the importance of salivary sheath proteins in mediating the interactions between plants and herbivorous insects.
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Co-Transcriptomic Analysis of the Maize–Western Corn Rootworm Interaction. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11182335. [PMID: 36145736 PMCID: PMC9505089 DOI: 10.3390/plants11182335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The Western corn rootworm (WCR; Diabrotica virgifera virgifera) is an economically important belowground pest of maize. Belowground feeding by WCR is damaging because it weakens the roots system, diminishes nutrient uptake, and creates entry points for fungal and bacterial pathogens and increases lodging, all of which can significantly suppress maize yields. Previously, it was demonstrated that belowground herbivory can trigger plant defense responses in the roots and the shoots, thereby impacting intraplant communication. Although several aspects of maize-WCR interactions have been reported, co-transcriptomic remodeling in the plant and insect are yet to be explored. We used a maize genotype, Mp708, that is resistant to a large guild of herbivore pests to study the underlying plant defense signaling network between below and aboveground tissues. We also evaluated WCR compensatory transcriptome responses. Using RNA-seq, we profiled the transcriptome of roots and leaves that interacted with WCR infestation up to 5 days post infestation (dpi). Our results suggest that Mp708 shoots and roots had elevated constitutive and WCR-feeding induced expression of genes related to jasmonic acid and ethylene pathways, respectively, before and after WCR feeding for 1 and 5 days. Similarly, extended feeding by WCR for 5 days in Mp708 roots suppressed many genes involved in the benzoxazinoid pathway, which is a major group of indole-derived secondary metabolites that provides resistance to several insect pests in maize. Furthermore, extended feeding by WCR on Mp708 roots revealed several genes that were downregulated in WCR, which include genes related to proteolysis, neuropeptide signaling pathway, defense response, drug catabolic process, and hormone metabolic process. These findings indicate a dynamic transcriptomic dialog between WCR and WCR-infested maize plants.
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Pingault L, Basu S, Zogli P, Williams WP, Palmer N, Sarath G, Louis J. Aboveground Herbivory Influences Belowground Defense Responses in Maize. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.765940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The European corn borer (ECB; Ostrinia nubilalis) is an economically damaging insect pest of maize (Zea mays L.), an important cereal crop widely grown globally. Among inbred lines, the maize genotype Mp708 has shown resistance to diverse herbivorous insects, although several aspects of the defense mechanisms of Mp708 plants are yet to be explored. Here, the changes in root physiology arising from short-term feeding by ECB on the shoot tissues of Mp708 plants was evaluated directly using transcriptomics, and indirectly by monitoring changes in growth of western corn rootworm (WCR; Diabrotica virgifera virgifera) larvae. Mp708 defense responses negatively impacted both ECB and WCR larval weights, providing evidence for changes in root physiology in response to ECB feeding on shoot tissues. There was a significant downregulation of genes in the root tissues following short-term ECB feeding, including genes needed for direct defense (e.g., proteinase inhibitors and chitinases). Our transcriptomic analysis also revealed specific regulation of the genes involved in hormonal and metabolite pathways in the roots of Mp708 plants subjected to ECB herbivory. These data provide support for the long-distance signaling-mediated defense in Mp708 plants and suggest that altered metabolite profiles of roots in response to ECB feeding of shoots likely negatively impacted WCR growth.
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Godson A, van der Hoorn RAL. The front line of defence: a meta-analysis of apoplastic proteases in plant immunity. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:3381-3394. [PMID: 33462613 PMCID: PMC8042752 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Secreted proteases act at the front line of defence and play pivotal roles in disease resistance. However, the criteria for apoplastic immune proteases are not always defined and followed. Here, we critically reviewed 46 apoplastic proteases that function in plant defence. We found that most apoplastic immune proteases are induced upon infection, and 17 proteases are genetically required for the immune response. Proteolytic activity has been confirmed for most of the proteases but is rarely shown to be required for biological function, and the apoplastic location of proteases can be subjective and dynamic. Pathogen-derived inhibitors have only been described for cysteine and serine proteases, and the selection pressure acting on immune proteases is rarely investigated. We discuss six different mechanisms by which these proteases mediate plant immunity and summarize the challenges for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Godson
- The Plant Chemetics Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Pingault L, Varsani S, Palmer N, Ray S, Williams WP, Luthe DS, Ali JG, Sarath G, Louis J. Transcriptomic and volatile signatures associated with maize defense against corn leaf aphid. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:138. [PMID: 33726668 PMCID: PMC7968207 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-02910-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maize (Zea mays L.) is a major cereal crop, with the United States accounting for over 40% of the worldwide production. Corn leaf aphid [CLA; Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch)] is an economically important pest of maize and several other monocot crops. In addition to feeding damage, CLA acts as a vector for viruses that cause devastating diseases in maize. We have shown previously that the maize inbred line Mp708, which was developed by classical plant breeding, provides heightened resistance to CLA. However, the transcriptomic variation conferring CLA resistance to Mp708 has not been investigated. RESULTS In this study, we contrasted the defense responses of the resistant Mp708 genotype to those of the susceptible Tx601 genotype at the transcriptomic (mRNA-seq) and volatile blend levels. Our results suggest that there was a greater transcriptomic remodeling in Mp708 plants in response to CLA infestation compared to the Tx601 plants. These transcriptomic signatures indicated an activation of hormonal pathways, and regulation of sesquiterpenes and terpenoid synthases in a constitutive and inducible manner. Transcriptomic analysis also revealed that the resistant Mp708 genotype possessed distinct regulation of ethylene and jasmonic acid pathways before and after aphid infestation. Finally, our results also highlight the significance of constitutive production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in Mp708 and Tx601 plants that may contribute to maize direct and/or indirect defense responses. CONCLUSIONS This study provided further insights to understand the role of defense signaling networks in Mp708's resistance to CLA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise Pingault
- Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA
| | - Suresh Varsani
- Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA
| | - Nathan Palmer
- Wheat, Sorghum, and Forage Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA
| | - Swayamjit Ray
- Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - W Paul Williams
- Corn Host Plant Resistance Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
| | - Dawn S Luthe
- Department of Plant Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Jared G Ali
- Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Gautam Sarath
- Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA
- Wheat, Sorghum, and Forage Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA
| | - Joe Louis
- Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA.
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Varsani S, Grover S, Zhou S, Koch KG, Huang PC, Kolomiets MV, Williams WP, Heng-Moss T, Sarath G, Luthe DS, Jander G, Louis J. 12-Oxo-Phytodienoic Acid Acts as a Regulator of Maize Defense against Corn Leaf Aphid. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 179:1402-1415. [PMID: 30643012 PMCID: PMC6446797 DOI: 10.1104/pp.18.01472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The corn leaf aphid (CLA; Rhopalosiphum maidis) is a phloem sap-sucking insect that attacks many cereal crops, including maize (Zea mays). We previously showed that the maize inbred line Mp708, which was developed by classical plant breeding, provides enhanced resistance to CLA. Here, using electrophysiological monitoring of aphid feeding behavior, we demonstrate that Mp708 provides phloem-mediated resistance to CLA. Furthermore, feeding by CLA on Mp708 plants enhanced callose deposition, a potential defense mechanism utilized by plants to limit aphid feeding and subsequent colonization. In maize, benzoxazinoids (BX) or BX-derived metabolites contribute to enhanced callose deposition by providing heightened resistance to CLA. However, BX and BX-derived metabolites were not significantly altered in CLA-infested Mp708 plants, indicating BX-independent defense against CLA. Evidence presented here suggests that the constitutively higher levels of 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA) in Mp708 plants contributed to enhanced callose accumulation and heightened CLA resistance. OPDA enhanced the expression of ethylene biosynthesis and receptor genes, and the synergistic interactions of OPDA and CLA feeding significantly induced the expression of the transcripts encoding Maize insect resistance1-Cysteine Protease, a key defensive protein against insect pests, in Mp708 plants. Furthermore, exogenous application of OPDA on maize jasmonic acid-deficient plants caused enhanced callose accumulation and heightened resistance to CLA, suggesting that the OPDA-mediated resistance to CLA is independent of the jasmonic acid pathway. We further demonstrate that the signaling function of OPDA, rather than a direct toxic effect, contributes to enhanced CLA resistance in Mp708.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Varsani
- Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583
| | - Sajjan Grover
- Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583
| | - Shaoqun Zhou
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
- School of Integrated Plant Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Kyle G Koch
- Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583
| | - Pei-Cheng Huang
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Michael V Kolomiets
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - W Paul Williams
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Corn Host Plant Resistance Research Unit, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762
| | - Tiffany Heng-Moss
- Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583
| | - Gautam Sarath
- Wheat, Sorghum, and Forage Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583
| | - Dawn S Luthe
- Department of Plant Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - Georg Jander
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Joe Louis
- Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583
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Costa EN, Nogueira L, de Souza BHS, Ribeiro ZA, Louvandini H, Zukoff SN, Júnior ALB. Characterization of Antibiosis to Diabrotica speciosa (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Brazilian Maize Landraces. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2018; 111:454-462. [PMID: 29340603 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tox350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Resistance to insect pests can be found in several native, landrace plants and can be an important alternative to conventional control methods. Diabrotica speciosa (Germar) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) larvae are important maize (Zea mays L.) (Cyperales: Poaceae) root pests and finding native resistance in landraces would greatly contribute to maize-breeding programs aimed at controlling this pest. This study investigated whether the growth, survival, oviposition rhythm, fecundity, and fertility of D. speciosa are negatively influenced by specific maize landraces, and the existence of any morphological barriers in the roots that may correlate with plant resistance to the larval attack. Nineteen genotypes (17 landraces and 2 cultivars) were screened for antibiosis in assays that were conducted in the laboratory using seedling maize plants where the development time, longevity, weight, total survival, and sex ratio of adults were evaluated. Out of nineteen genotypes, eight were selected according to their resistance levels for an additional rearing study evaluating oviposition and fecundity. Landrace Pérola and cultivar SCS 154-Fortuna were classified as resistant because they increased the maturation period from larva to adult and decreased survivorship; and the landrace Palha Roxa was also classified as resistant for showing a lower fertility rate than other landraces. Resistant landraces that were infested by D. speciosa larvae showed greater amounts of some morphological barriers comparing with uninfested plants. The landraces classified as resistant may be considered in future plant-breeding programs, aiming to develop resistant maize cultivars to D. speciosa larval attack.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Neves Costa
- Departamento de Fitossanidade, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Campus de Jaboticabal, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
- Departamento de Agronomia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD), Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Luciano Nogueira
- Departamento de Fitossanidade, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Campus de Jaboticabal, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Zulene Antônio Ribeiro
- Departamento de Fitossanidade, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Campus de Jaboticabal, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helder Louvandini
- Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura-CENA/USP, Laboratório de Nutrição Animal, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sarah Natalie Zukoff
- Southwest Research and Extension Center, Kansas State University, Garden City, KS
| | - Arlindo Leal Boiça Júnior
- Departamento de Fitossanidade, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Campus de Jaboticabal, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
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Bohn MO, Marroquin JJ, Flint-Garcia S, Dashiell K, Willmot DB, Hibbard BE. Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping of Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Host Plant Resistance in Two Populations of Doubled Haploid Lines in Maize (Zea mays L.). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2018; 111:435-444. [PMID: 29228374 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tox310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Over the last 70 yr, more than 12,000 maize accessions have been screened for their level of resistance to western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (LeConte; Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), larval feeding. Less than 1% of this germplasm was selected for initiating recurrent selection or other breeding programs. Selected genotypes were mostly characterized by large root systems and superior root regrowth after root damage caused by western corn rootworm larvae. However, no hybrids claiming native (i.e., host plant) resistance to western corn rootworm larval feeding are currently commercially available. We investigated the genetic basis of western corn rootworm resistance in maize materials with improved levels of resistance using linkage disequilibrium mapping approaches. Two populations of topcrossed doubled haploid maize lines (DHLs) derived from crosses between resistant and susceptible maize lines were evaluated for their level of resistance in three to four different environments. For each DHL topcross an average root damage score was estimated and used for quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis. We found genomic regions contributing to western corn rootworm resistance on all maize chromosomes, except for chromosome 4. Models fitting all QTL simultaneously explained about 30 to 50% of the genotypic variance for root damage scores in both mapping populations. Our findings confirm the complex genetic structure of host plant resistance against western corn rootworm larval feeding in maize. Interestingly, three of these QTL regions also carry genes involved in ascorbate biosynthesis, a key compound we hypothesize is involved in the expression of western corn rootworm resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin O Bohn
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL
| | | | - Sherry Flint-Garcia
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Plant Genetics Research Unit, Columbia, MO
| | - Kenton Dashiell
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | - Bruce E Hibbard
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Plant Genetics Research Unit, Columbia, MO
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