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Jiang H, Okoye CO, Chen X, Zhang F, Jiang J. High-throughput 16S rRNA gene-based amplicon sequencing reveals the functional divergence of halophilic bacterial communities in the Suaeda salsa root compartments on the eastern coast of China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 942:173775. [PMID: 38844238 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
The rhizosphere environment of plants, which harbors halophilic bacterial communities, faces significant challenges in coping with environmental stressors, particularly saline soil properties. This study utilizes a high-throughput 16S rRNA gene-based amplicon sequencing to investigate the variations in bacterial community dynamics in rhizosphere soil (RH), root surface soil (RS), root endophytic bacteria (PE) compartments of Suaeda salsa roots, and adjoining soils (CK) across six locations along the eastern coast of China: Nantong (NT), Yancheng (YC), Dalian (DL), Tianjin (TJ), Dongying (DY), and Qingdao (QD), all characterized by chloride-type saline soil. Variations in the physicochemical properties of the RH compartment were also evaluated. The results revealed significant changes in pH, electrical conductivity, total salt content, and ion concentrations in RH samples from different locations. Notably, the NT location exhibited the highest alkalinity and nitrogen availability. The pH variations were linked to HCO3- accumulation in S. salsa roots, while salinity stress influenced soil pH through H+ discharge. Despite salinity stress, enzymatic activities such as catalase and urease were higher in soils from various locations. The diversity and richness of bacterial communities were higher in specific locations, with Proteobacteria dominating PE samples from the DL location. Additionally, Vibrio and Marinobacter were prevalent in RH samples. Significant correlations were found between soil pH, salinity, nutrient content, and the abundance and diversity of bacterial taxa in RH samples. Bioinformatics analysis revealed the prevalence of halophilic bacteria, such as Bacillus, Halomonas, and Streptomyces, with diverse metabolic functions, including amino acid and carbohydrate metabolisms. Essential genes, such as auxin response factor (ARF) and GTPase-encoding genes, were abundant in RH samples, suggesting adaptive strategies for harsh environments. Likewise, proline/betaine transport protein genes were enriched, indicating potential bioremediation mechanisms against high salt stress. These findings provide insight into the metabolic adaptations facilitating resilience in saline ecosystems and contribute to understanding the complex interplay between soil conditions, bacterial communities, and plant adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Jiang
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment & Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Charles Obinwanne Okoye
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment & Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Department of Zoology & Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria
| | - Xunfeng Chen
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment & Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Fusheng Zhang
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment & Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jianxiong Jiang
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment & Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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Qi W, Ma H, Li S, Wu H, Zhao D. Seed Germination and Seedling Growth in Suaeda salsa (Linn.) Pall. ( Amaranthaceae) Demonstrate Varying Salinity Tolerance among Different Provenances. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1343. [PMID: 37887053 PMCID: PMC10604373 DOI: 10.3390/biology12101343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Salinity is a pressing and widespread abiotic stress, adversely affecting agriculture productivity and plant growth worldwide. Seed germination is the most critical stage to seedling growth and establishing plant species in harsh environments, including saline stress. However, seed germination characteristics and stress tolerance may vary among geographical locations, such as various provenances. Suaeda salsa (Linn.) Pall. (S. salsa) is a halophytic plant that exhibits high salt tolerance and is often considered a pioneer species for the restoration of grasslands. Understanding the germination characteristics and stress tolerance of the species could be helpful in the vegetation restoration of saline-alkali land. In this study, we collected S. salsa seeds from seven different saline-alkali habitats (S1-S7) in the Songnen Plain region to assess the germination and seedling growth responses to NaCl, Na2CO3, and NaHCO3, and to observe the recovery of seed germination after relieving the salt stress. We observed significant differences in germination and seedling growth under three salt stresses and among seven provenances. Resistance to Na2CO3 and NaHCO3 stress was considerably higher during seedling growth than seed germination, while the opposite responses were observed for NaCl resistance. Seeds from S1 and S7 showed the highest tolerance to all three salt stress treatments, while S6 exhibited the lowest tolerance. Seeds from S2 exhibited low germination under control conditions, while low NaCl concentration and pretreatment improved germination. Ungerminated seeds under high salt concentrations germinated after relieving the salt stress. Germination of ungerminated seeds after the abatement of salt stress is an important adaptation strategy for black S. salsa seeds. While seeds from most provenances regerminated under NaCl, under Na2CO3 and NaHCO3, only seeds from S4 and S7 regerminated. These findings highlight the importance of soil salinity in the maternal environment for successful seed germination and seedling growth under various salinity-alkali stresses. Therefore, seed sources and provenance should be considered for vegetation restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Qi
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; (W.Q.); (H.M.); (S.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongyuan Ma
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; (W.Q.); (H.M.); (S.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shaoyang Li
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; (W.Q.); (H.M.); (S.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haitao Wu
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; (W.Q.); (H.M.); (S.L.)
| | - Dandan Zhao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science for Yellow River Delta, Binzhou University, Binzhou 256603, China;
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Zibaee P, Shamekhi M. Physicochemical properties of Kakol ( Suaeda aegyptiaca) essential oil nanoemulsion and its effect on the storage quality of rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss) during cold storage. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:5209-5222. [PMID: 37701194 PMCID: PMC10494664 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The study aims to analyze the chemical composition of Suaeda aegyptiaca essential oil (PSAE) by GC-MS, produce the nanoemulsified essential oil (NSAE) using ultrasound, and compare the antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of the PSAE and NSAE in laboratory medium and rainbow trout fish (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Geranyl-acetone (30.52%) and p-Vinylguaiacol (10.66%), and (e)-β-ionone (7.79%) were the main PSAE chemical compounds. The mean droplet size diameter, polydispersity index, and viscosity of NSAE were 179.67 nm, 0.255, and 0.96 cP, respectively. PSAE and NSAE showed a moderate antiradical potential against DPPH- and ABTS-free radicals (50 < IC50 < 250 μg mL-1). There was no significant difference between antiradical scavenging of PSAE and NSAE (p > .05). E. faecalis and K. pneumonia were the most and lowest sensitive bacteria to PSAE and NSAE, respectively. Examining different treatments on the shelf-life of minced fish showed that Kakol essential oil could improve the shelf-life of fish between 12.5% and 60% (depending on quality index). There was no significant difference between the bioactivity of PSAE and NSAE, which means that the nanoemulsion showed acceptable performance at lower essential oil concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payam Zibaee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Sarvestan BranchIslamic Azad UniversitySarvestanIran
| | - Mohammad‐Amin Shamekhi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Sarvestan BranchIslamic Azad UniversitySarvestanIran
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Bai H, Ni X, Han J, Luo D, Hu Y, Jin C, Li Z. Phytochemical profiling and allelopathic effect of garlic essential oil on barnyard grass (Echinochloa crusgalli L.). PLoS One 2023; 18:e0272842. [PMID: 37098009 PMCID: PMC10128991 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In agriculture, barnyard grass (Echinochloa crusgalli L.) is one of the most harmful weeds in rice fields now. In order to identify active ingredients which had inhibiting effect on barnyard grass (Echinochloa crusgalli L.), we evaluated several possible natural plant essential oils. Essential oils from twelve plant species showed inhibitory activity against barnyard grass seedlings and root length. The garlic essential oil (GEO) had the most significant allelopathic effect (EC50 = 0.0126 g mL-1). Additionally, the enzyme activities of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased during the first 8 hours of treatment at a concentration of 0.1 g mL-1 and then declined. The activities of CAT, SOD and POD increased by 121%, 137% and 110% (0-8h, compared to control), and decreased (8-72h, compared to the maximum value) by 100%, 185% and 183%, respectively. The total chlorophyll content of barnyard grass seedlings decreased by 51% (0-72h) continuously with the same dosage treatment. Twenty constituents of GEO were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and the herbicidal activity of two main components (diallyl sulfide and diallyl disulfide) was evaluated. Results showed that both components had herbicidal activity against barnyard grass. GEO had a strong inhibitory effect (~88.34% inhibition) on barnyard grass growth, but safety studies on rice showed it did not have much inhibitory effect on rice seed germination. Allelopathy of GEO provide ideas for the development of new plant-derived herbicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haodong Bai
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Field Weeds Control, Hunan University of Humanities and Science, Loudi, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Weeds, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xianzhi Ni
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Field Weeds Control, Hunan University of Humanities and Science, Loudi, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Weeds, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jincai Han
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Field Weeds Control, Hunan University of Humanities and Science, Loudi, Hunan, China
| | - Dingfeng Luo
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Field Weeds Control, Hunan University of Humanities and Science, Loudi, Hunan, China
| | - Yihong Hu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Weeds, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chenzhong Jin
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Field Weeds Control, Hunan University of Humanities and Science, Loudi, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Weeds, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zuren Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Field Weeds Control, Hunan University of Humanities and Science, Loudi, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Weeds, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Yu W, Wu W, Zhang N, Wang L, Wang Y, Wang B, Lan Q, Wang Y. Research Advances on Molecular Mechanism of Salt Tolerance in Suaeda. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11091273. [PMID: 36138752 PMCID: PMC9495733 DOI: 10.3390/biology11091273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Plant growth and development are inevitably affected by various environmental factors. High salinity is the main factor leading to the reduction of cultivated land area, which seriously affects the growth and yield of plants. The genus Suaeda is a kind of euhalophyte herb, with seedlings that grow rapidly in moderately saline environments and can even survive in conditions of extreme salinity. Its fresh branches can be used as vegetables and the seed oil is rich in unsaturated fatty acids, which has important economic value and usually grows in a saline environment. This paper reviews the progress of research in recent years into the salt tolerance of several Suaeda species (for example, S. salsa, S. japonica, S. glauca, S. corniculata), focusing on ion regulation and compartmentation, osmotic regulation of organic solutes, antioxidant regulation, plant hormones, photosynthetic systems, and omics (transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics). It helps us to understand the salt tolerance mechanism of the genus Suaeda, and provides a theoretical foundation for effectively improving crop resistance to salt stress environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wancong Yu
- Institute of Germplasm Resources and Biotechnology, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Wenwen Wu
- Department of Agronomy, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Agronomy, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392, China
| | - Luping Wang
- Institute of Germplasm Resources and Biotechnology, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Yiheng Wang
- Institute of Germplasm Resources and Biotechnology, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Institute of Germplasm Resources and Biotechnology, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Qingkuo Lan
- Institute of Germplasm Resources and Biotechnology, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300384, China
- Correspondence: (Q.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yong Wang
- Institute of Germplasm Resources and Biotechnology, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300384, China
- Correspondence: (Q.L.); (Y.W.)
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Waterlogging Stress Induces Antioxidant Defense Responses, Aerenchyma Formation and Alters Metabolisms of Banana Plants. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11152052. [PMID: 35956531 PMCID: PMC9370344 DOI: 10.3390/plants11152052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Flooding caused or exacerbated by climate change has threatened plant growth and food production worldwide. The lack of knowledge on how crops respond and adapt to flooding stress imposes a major barrier to enhancing their productivity. Hence, understanding the flooding-responsive mechanisms of crops is indispensable for developing new flooding-tolerant varieties. Here, we examined the banana (Musa acuminata cv. Berangan) responses to soil waterlogging for 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, and 24 days. After waterlogging stress, banana root samples were analyzed for their molecular and biochemical changes. We found that waterlogging treatment induced the formation of adventitious roots and aerenchyma with conspicuous gas spaces. In addition, the antioxidant activities, hydrogen peroxide, and malondialdehyde contents of the waterlogged bananas increased in response to waterlogging stress. To assess the initial response of bananas toward waterlogging stress, we analyzed the transcriptome changes of banana roots. A total of 3508 unigenes were differentially expressed under 1-day waterlogging conditions. These unigenes comprise abiotic stress-related transcription factors, such as ethylene response factors, basic helix-loop-helix, myeloblastosis, plant signal transduction, and carbohydrate metabolisms. The findings of the study provide insight into the complex molecular events of bananas in response to waterlogging stress, which could later help develop waterlogging resilient crops for the future climate.
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Li PS, Kong WL, Wu XQ, Zhang Y. Volatile Organic Compounds of the Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria JZ-GX1 Enhanced the Tolerance of Robinia pseudoacacia to Salt Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:753332. [PMID: 34721482 PMCID: PMC8551617 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.753332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress is one of the major abiotic stresses that affects plant growth and development. The use of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria to mitigcate salt stress damage in plants is an important way to promote crop growth under salt stress conditions. Rahnella aquatilis JZ-GX1 is a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterial strain, but it is not clear whether it can improve the salt tolerance of plants, and in particular, the role of volatile substances in plant salt tolerance is unknown. We investigated the effects of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from JZ-GX1 on the growth performance, osmotic substances, ionic balance and antioxidant enzyme activities of acacia seedlings treated with 0 and 100mm NaCl and explored the VOCs associated with the JZ-GX1 strain. The results showed that compared to untreated seedlings, seedlings exposed to plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium JZ-GX1 via direct contact with plant roots under salt stress conditions exhibited increases in fresh weight, lateral root number and primary root length equal to approximately 155.1, 95.4, and 71.3%, respectively. Robinia pseudoacacia seedlings exposed to VOCs of the JZ-GX1 strain showed increases in biomass, soil and plant analyser development values and lateral root numbers equal to 132.1, 101.6, and 166.7%, respectively. Additionally, decreases in malondialdehyde, superoxide anion (O2 -) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents and increases in proline contents and superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities were observed in acacia leaves. Importantly, the sodium-potassium ratios in the roots, stems, and leaves of acacia exposed to VOCs of the JZ-GX1 strain were significantly lower than those in the control samples, and this change in ion homeostasis was consistent with the upregulated expression of the (Na+, K+)/H+ reverse cotransporter RpNHX1 in plant roots. Through GC-MS and creatine chromatography, we also found that 2,3-butanediol in the volatile gases of the JZ-GX1 strain was one of the important signaling substances for improving the salt tolerance of plants. The results showed that R. aquatilis JZ-GX1 can promote the growth and yield of R. pseudoacacia under normal and salt stress conditions. JZ-GX1 VOCs have good potential as protectants for improving the salt tolerance of plants, opening a window of opportunity for their application in salinized soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu-Sheng Li
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Prevention and Management of Invasive Species, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei-Liang Kong
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Prevention and Management of Invasive Species, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Wu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Prevention and Management of Invasive Species, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao-Qin Wu,
| | - Yu Zhang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Prevention and Management of Invasive Species, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
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Shang C, Wang L, Tian C, Song J. Heavy metal tolerance and potential for remediation of heavy metal-contaminated saline soils for the euhalophyte Suaeda salsa. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2020; 15:1805902. [PMID: 32815486 PMCID: PMC7588191 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1805902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Due to irrigation practices and industrial pollution, large areas of the lands in the world are simultaneously affected by salinity and heavy metal contamination. It has been considered that halophytes have adapted to salinity, and can be used to remediate heavy metal-contaminated saline soils. Suaeda salsa L. (S. salsa) is a high salt-resistance plant, which can efficiently absorb and accumulate salt and toxic metals from saline soils, suggesting that this may be potential plant species that can be used for the restoration of saline soils contaminated with heavy metals. The present brief review sheds light on the characteristics of S. salsa in the uptake and accumulation of high levels of heavy metals. Furthermore, the physiological and molecular mechanisms for heavy metal tolerance were highlighted. The potential values of S. salsa in the remediation of saline soils were also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cailing Shang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, P.R. China
| | - Changyan Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, P.R. China
| | - Jie Song
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, P.R. China
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