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Campos-Avelar I, Montoya-Martínez AC, Parra-Cota FI, de los Santos-Villalobos S. Editorial: plant-microbial symbiosis toward sustainable food security. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2024; 19:2298054. [PMID: 38183219 PMCID: PMC10773630 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2023.2298054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
The use of plant-associated microorganisms is increasingly being investigated as a key tool for mitigating the impact of biotic and abiotic threats to crops and facilitating migration to sustainable agricultural practices. The microbiome is responsible for several functions in agroecosystems, such as the transformation of organic matter, nutrient cycling, and plant/pathogen growth regulation. As climate change and global warming are altering the dynamics of plant-microbial interactions in the ecosystem, it has become essential to perform comprehensive studies to decipher current and future microbial interactions, as their useful symbiotic mechanisms could be better exploited to achieve sustainable agriculture. This will allow for the development of effective microbial inoculants that facilitate nutrient supply for the plant at its minimal energy expense, thus increasing its resilience to biotic and abiotic stresses. This article collection aims to compile state-of-the-art research focused on the elucidation and optimization of symbiotic relationships between crops and their associated microbes. The information presented here will contribute to the development of next-generation microbial inoculants for achieving a more sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ixchel Campos-Avelar
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología del Recurso Microbiano, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora (ITSON), Ciudad Obregon, Mexico
| | - Amelia C. Montoya-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología del Recurso Microbiano, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora (ITSON), Ciudad Obregon, Mexico
| | - Fannie I. Parra-Cota
- Campo Experimental Norman E. Borlaug, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP), Ciudad Obregon, Mexico
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Hnizil O, Baidani A, Khlila I, Nsarellah N, Laamari A, Amamou A. Integrating NDVI, SPAD, and Canopy Temperature for Strategic Nitrogen and Seeding Rate Management to Enhance Yield, Quality, and Sustainability in Wheat Cultivation. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1574. [PMID: 38891382 PMCID: PMC11174591 DOI: 10.3390/plants13111574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
This study explores the interplay between nitrogen doses and seeding rates on wheat yield, biomass, and protein content. Utilizing tools such as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Soil Plant Analysis Development (SPAD) measurements, and canopy temperature (CT), we conducted experiments over five growing seasons. The treatments included three nitrogen levels (0, 60, 120 kg/ha) and three seeding rates (300, 400, 500 seeds/m2) in a split-plot design with 90 plots and two replications. Our results show that an intermediate nitrogen dose (60 kg/ha) combined with a moderate seed rate (400 seeds/m2) enhances wheat yield by 22.95%. Reduced nitrogen levels increased protein content, demonstrating wheat's adaptive mechanisms under nitrogen constraints. NDVI analysis highlighted significant growth during the tillering phase with high nitrogen, emphasizing early-stage nutrient management. SPAD measurements showed that early nitrogen applications boost chlorophyll content, essential for vigorous early growth, while CT data indicate that optimal nitrogen and seed rates can effectively modulate plant stress responses. As crops mature, the predictive capacity of NDVI declines, indicating the need for adjusted nitrogen strategies. Collectively, these findings advocate for refined management of nitrogen and seeding rates, integrating NDVI, SPAD, and CT assessments to enhance yields and promote sustainable agricultural practices while minimizing environmental impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oussama Hnizil
- Research Unit of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources Conservation, Regional Center of Agricultural Research of Settat, National Institute of Agricultural Research, P.O. Box 589, Settat 26000, Morocco; (I.K.); (N.N.)
- Laboratory of Agrifood and Health, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Hassan First University of Settat, P.O. Box 577, Settat 26000, Morocco;
| | - Aziz Baidani
- Laboratory of Agrifood and Health, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Hassan First University of Settat, P.O. Box 577, Settat 26000, Morocco;
| | - Ilham Khlila
- Research Unit of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources Conservation, Regional Center of Agricultural Research of Settat, National Institute of Agricultural Research, P.O. Box 589, Settat 26000, Morocco; (I.K.); (N.N.)
- Laboratory of Agrifood and Health, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Hassan First University of Settat, P.O. Box 577, Settat 26000, Morocco;
| | - Nasserelhaq Nsarellah
- Research Unit of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources Conservation, Regional Center of Agricultural Research of Settat, National Institute of Agricultural Research, P.O. Box 589, Settat 26000, Morocco; (I.K.); (N.N.)
| | - Abdelali Laamari
- Dryland Research Center, National Institute of Agricultural Research, P.O. Box 589, Settat 26000, Morocco;
| | - Ali Amamou
- Research Unit of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources Conservation, Regional Center of Agricultural Research of Settat, National Institute of Agricultural Research, P.O. Box 589, Settat 26000, Morocco; (I.K.); (N.N.)
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