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Thongchai W, Poolprasert P, Thongchai S. The Synthesis of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers on Microcentrifuge Tube Filters for Solid-Phase Extraction and the HPLC-UV Determination of Andrographolides. J Chromatogr Sci 2021; 59:877-886. [PMID: 33517403 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmaa139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Molecular imprinting-based solid-phase extraction has been in the spotlight to improve recognition selectivity and detection sensitivity of andrographolides. The synthesis of molecularly imprinted polymers on micro centrifuge tube filters for the extraction and the determination of andrographolides were investigated. Molecularly imprinted polymers were synthesized using the photo-polymerization method for the preconcentration of andrographolides (AD) template molecule using 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone as initiators, the mixture of 1-dodecanol and toluene solvent, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as functional monomers and cross-linked, respectively. The resultant AD molecularly imprinted polymers (AD-MIPs) were characterized using the Fourier-transform infrared spectrum and scanning electron microscopy. The maximum adsorption of AD-MIPs toward the andrographolides was found to be 85%, and could reach binding equilibrium within 60 min. The sample solution was separated by AD-MIP using solid-phase extraction (SPE). Subsequently, the sample solution was analyzed by the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. The AD-MIP could be successfully applied to specifically separate and determine the andrographolides from pharmaceutical products and biological fluid samples with relatively high recoveries (102.01-108.61%). The present method is simple, selective, accurate, and provides a promising alternative to traditional SPE sorbents for the extraction and determination of andrographolides in real samples and biological fluid samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wisanu Thongchai
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Pibulsongkram Rajabhat University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Pisit Poolprasert
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Pibulsongkram Rajabhat University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
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Synthesis of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer via Emulsion Polymerization for Application in Solanesol Separation. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10082868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
High-purity solanesol can be used for pharmaceutical applications, but the current method for purifying solanesol has high cost and difficult continuous operation, and the use of molecular imprinting to purify natural products is a hot research topic of current research. Solanesol molecularly imprinted polymers were synthesized via emulsion polymerization for the first time. The morphology of the SSO-MIPs was observed with a scanning electron microscope, and the effects of the synthesis time, initiator dosage, functional monomer dosage, and cross-linking agent dosage on the adsorption effects under high-temperature and rapid synthesis conditions were discussed. The results demonstrate that the optimum synthesis conditions were a ratio of the template molecules to the functional monomers to the cross-linking agents of 1:8:30 (mol:mol:mol), 10 mg of the initiator, and a synthesis temperature of 70 °C. The imprinting factor of SSO-MIPs synthesized under the optimized process was found to reach 2.51, and the SSO-MIPs synthesized by this method exhibited a good adsorption effect, emitted less pollution during the synthesis process, and are convenient for demulsification. This research reports a reliable method for the synthesis of solanesol molecularly imprinted polymers.
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Yan N, Liu Y, Liu L, Du Y, Liu X, Zhang H, Zhang Z. Bioactivities and Medicinal Value of Solanesol and Its Accumulation, Extraction Technology, and Determination Methods. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9080334. [PMID: 31382471 PMCID: PMC6722674 DOI: 10.3390/biom9080334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Solanesol, an aliphatic terpene alcohol composed of nine isoprene units, is mainly found in solanaceous plants. Particularly, tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), belonging to the Solanaceae family, is the richest plant source of solanesol, and its leaves have been regarded as the ideal material for solanesol extraction. Since the discovery of solanesol in tobacco, significant progress has been achieved in research on solanesol’s bioactivities, medicinal value, accumulation, extraction technology, and determination methods. Solanesol possesses strong free radical absorption ability and antioxidant activity owing to the presence of several non-conjugated double bonds. Notably, solanesol’s anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and antimicrobial activities have been previously demonstrated. Solanesol is a key intermediate in the synthesis of coenzyme Q10, vitamin K2, and the anticancer agent synergiser N-solanesyl-N,N′-bis(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl) ethylenediamine. Other applications of solanesol include solanesol derivative micelles for hydrophobic drug delivery, solanesol-derived scaffolds for bioactive peptide multimerization, and solanesol-anchored DNA for mediating vesicle fusion. Solanesol accumulation in plants is influenced by genetic and environmental factors, including biotic stresses caused by pathogen infections, temperature, illumination, and agronomic measures. Seven extraction technologies and seven determination methods of solanesol are also systematically summarized in the present review. This review can serve as a reference for solanesol’s comprehensive application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yan
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
| | - Yanhua Liu
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Linqing Liu
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Yongmei Du
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Xinmin Liu
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Zhongfeng Zhang
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
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Exploring Matrix Effects on Binding Properties and Characterization of Cotinine Molecularly Imprinted Polymer on Paper-Based Scaffold. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11030570. [PMID: 30960554 PMCID: PMC6474114 DOI: 10.3390/polym11030570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Commercially available sorbent materials for solid-phase extraction are widely used in analytical laboratories. However, non-selective binding is a major obstacle for sample analysis. To overcome this problem, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) were used as selective adsorbent materials prior to determining target analysts. In this study, the use of non-covalent molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for cotinine adsorption on a paper-based scaffold was studied. Fiberglass paper was used as a paper scaffold for cotinine-selective MIP adsorption with the use of 0.5% agarose gel. The effects of salt, pH, sample matrix, and solvent on the cotinine adsorption and extraction process were investigated. Under optimal conditions, the adsorption isotherm of synthesized MIPs increased to 125.41 µg/g, whereas the maximum adsorption isotherm of non-imprinted polymers (NIPs) was stable at 42.86 µg/g. The ability of the MIP paper scaffold to absorb cotinine in water medium was approximately 1.8–2.8-fold higher than that of the NIP scaffold. From Scatchard analysis, two dissociation constants of MIPs were calculated to be 2.56 and 27.03 µM. Nicotine, myosmine, and N-nitrosonornicotine were used for selectivity testing, and the calculated selectivity factor of cotinine to nicotine, myosmine, and N-nitrosonornicotine was 1.56, 2.69, and 2.05, respectively. Overall, the MIP paper scaffold is promising for simple onsite sampling of cotinine and can be used to assess tobacco smoke exposure.
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Long J, Liang B, Li S, Chen Z. Preparation and characterization of a novel molecularly imprinted polymer for the separation of glycyrrhizic acid. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:4847-4856. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 10/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiapeng Long
- School of Material Science and Engineering; Shenyang University of Technology; Shenyang Liaoning China
| | - Bing Liang
- School of Material Science and Engineering; Shenyang University of Chemical Technology; Shenyang Liaoning China
| | - Sanxi Li
- School of Material Science and Engineering; Shenyang University of Technology; Shenyang Liaoning China
| | - zhenbin Chen
- School of Material Science and Engineering; Lanzhou University of Technology; Lanzhou Gansu China
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Emir Diltemiz S, Keçili R, Ersöz A, Say R. Molecular Imprinting Technology in Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) Sensors. SENSORS 2017; 17:s17030454. [PMID: 28245588 PMCID: PMC5375740 DOI: 10.3390/s17030454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) as artificial antibodies have received considerable scientific attention in the past years in the field of (bio)sensors since they have unique features that distinguish them from natural antibodies such as robustness, multiple binding sites, low cost, facile preparation and high stability under extreme operation conditions (higher pH and temperature values, etc.). On the other hand, the Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) is an analytical tool based on the measurement of small mass changes on the sensor surface. QCM sensors are practical and convenient monitoring tools because of their specificity, sensitivity, high accuracy, stability and reproducibility. QCM devices are highly suitable for converting the recognition process achieved using MIP-based memories into a sensor signal. Therefore, the combination of a QCM and MIPs as synthetic receptors enhances the sensitivity through MIP process-based multiplexed binding sites using size, 3D-shape and chemical function having molecular memories of the prepared sensor system toward the target compound to be detected. This review aims to highlight and summarize the recent progress and studies in the field of (bio)sensor systems based on QCMs combined with molecular imprinting technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Emir Diltemiz
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskisehir, Turkey.
| | - Rüstem Keçili
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Yunus Emre Vocational School of Health Services, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskisehir, Turkey.
| | - Arzu Ersöz
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskisehir, Turkey.
| | - Rıdvan Say
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskisehir, Turkey.
- Bionkit Co. Ltd., 26470 Eskisehir, Turkey.
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Ma X, Meng Z, Qiu L, Chen J, Guo Y, Yi D, Ji T, Jia H, Xue M. Solanesol extraction from tobacco leaves by Flash chromatography based on molecularly imprinted polymers. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1020:1-5. [PMID: 26994329 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A novel solanesol extraction method based on molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) as the Flash chromatography stationary phase was established and evaluated. Spherical MIP particles in a size range of 250-350 μm (d (0.5)=320 μm) for solanesol were synthesized by suspension polymerization, with imprinting factor of 3.9. The MIP particles (5.5 g) were packed in common Teflon column as the stationary phase while the sample solution and elution solvent were confirmed as methanol and methanol/acetic acid solution (80/20, v/v), loading at 4 ml/min and eluting 8 ml/min, respectively. Under the optimal chromatographic conditions, the adsorption capacity of the MIP-Flash column was determined as 107.3 μmol/g, and in each process, 370.8 mg purified solanesol (98.4%) could be obtained from the extract (20 mM, 40 ml) of tobacco leaves (14.7 g), and the yield of solanesol was 2.5% of the dry weight of tobacco leaves. The results reported here confirm the feasibility to extract highly purified active ingredients directly from natural products on a large scale by MIP-Flash chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Ma
- School of Chemical Engineering and Environment, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zihui Meng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Environment, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lili Qiu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Environment, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jing Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Environment, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yushu Guo
- Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Da Yi
- School of Chemical Engineering and Environment, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Tiantian Ji
- School of Chemical Engineering and Environment, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hua Jia
- School of Chemical Engineering and Environment, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Min Xue
- School of Chemical Engineering and Environment, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
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