1
|
Maissour A, Bouqadida M, Oualili H, El Omari R, Belfaiza M, Makroum K. Characterization of the physico-chemical properties of the natural habitat and in vitro culture effects on the biochemistry, proliferation and morphology of Lemna minuta. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:234. [PMID: 37138221 PMCID: PMC10155455 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04249-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the ecological conditions of the natural habitat of Lemna minuta Kunth in Morocco were investigated, and the impact of five synthetic growth media (Murashige-Skoog (MS), Schenk-Hildebrand (SH), Hoagland medium (HM), 10X Algal Assay Procedure (AAP), and Swedish Standard Institute medium (SIS)) on the morphophysiological and biochemical parameters was analysed. The morphophysiological parameters included root length, frond surface area, and fresh weight, while the biochemical parameters included photosynthetic pigments, carbohydrates, and protein content. The study was conducted in vitro in two phases: an uncontrolled aeration system (Phase I) and a controlled aeration system (Phase II).The results showed that the pH, conductivity, salinity, and ammonium levels in the natural habitat were within the optimal range for duckweed growth. The measured orthophosphate concentrations were higher compared to previous observations, while the recorded chemical oxygen demand values were low. The study also revealed a significant effect of the culture medium composition on the morphophysiological and biochemical parameters of the duckweed. The fresh weight biomass, relative growth rate in fronds, relative growth rate in surface area, root length, protein content, carbohydrates, chlorophyll (a), chlorophyll (b), total chlorophyll, carotenoids, and the chlorophyll (a/b) ratio were all affected by the culture medium.The most accurate regression models described the growth index GI(F) based on time and in vitro culture conditions in both phases. In Phase I, the best models for MS, SIS, AAP, and SH media were linear, weighted quadratic, cubic, and weighted cubic, respectively. In Phase II, the best models for all growth media were linear. The time coefficients (in days) for Phase II were 0.321, 0.547, 1.232, 1.470, and 0.306 for AAP, HM, MS, SH, and SIS, respectively.Comparing the morphophysiological and biochemical parameters of fronds from different media and analysing the regression model results showed that the SH and MS media were the best among the tested media for the in vitro culture of L. minuta in controlled aeration conditions. However, further research is needed to develop new synthetic media that best promote the growth and maintenance of this duckweed in long-term culture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdellah Maissour
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Ecology and Ecosystem Valorization, URL-CNRST n°10, Faculty of Sciences, University Chouaib Doukkali, P.O. Box 20, El Jadida, M-24000, Morocco.
| | - Mohammed Bouqadida
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Ecology and Ecosystem Valorization, URL-CNRST n°10, Faculty of Sciences, University Chouaib Doukkali, P.O. Box 20, El Jadida, M-24000, Morocco
| | - Hanane Oualili
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Ecology and Ecosystem Valorization, URL-CNRST n°10, Faculty of Sciences, University Chouaib Doukkali, P.O. Box 20, El Jadida, M-24000, Morocco
| | - Redouane El Omari
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Ecology and Ecosystem Valorization, URL-CNRST n°10, Faculty of Sciences, University Chouaib Doukkali, P.O. Box 20, El Jadida, M-24000, Morocco
| | - Malika Belfaiza
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Ecology and Ecosystem Valorization, URL-CNRST n°10, Faculty of Sciences, University Chouaib Doukkali, P.O. Box 20, El Jadida, M-24000, Morocco
| | - Kacem Makroum
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Ecology and Ecosystem Valorization, URL-CNRST n°10, Faculty of Sciences, University Chouaib Doukkali, P.O. Box 20, El Jadida, M-24000, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Taghipour E, Bog M, Frootan F, Shojaei S, Rad N, Arezoumandi M, Jafari M, Salmanian AH. DNA barcoding and biomass accumulation rates of native Iranian duckweed species for biotechnological applications. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1034238. [PMID: 36523621 PMCID: PMC9744944 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1034238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The Lemnaceae family (duckweed) consists of at least three recognized genera with six reported species in Iran that are distributed in wetlands. Duckweeds are the simplest and smallest flowering aquatic monocots with free-floating fronds that can reproduce asexually every 2-3 days. Duckweed could be a major source of balanced amino acids and high protein content, which is increasingly promising for biotechnological applications. For molecular classification and species identification of the collected samples, DNA barcoding was performed using two standard chloroplast markers, the spacer region between the ATP synthase subunits F and H (atpF-atpH) and the intron region of the ribosomal protein S16 (rps16). The results confirm the presence of four species belonging to the two genera Lemna and Spirodela. In addition, L. turionifera was detected for the first time in Iran. Due to the high growth rates of duckweed, measurement of biomass accumulation and doubling time are important factors in determining growth potential, especially for native species. The relative growth rates (RGR), doubling times (DT), biomass accumulation, and relative weekly yields (RY) of 40 distinct duckweed clones were determined under standard cultivation conditions. The dry weight-based RGR ranged from 0.149 to more than 0.600 per day, DT from 1.12 to 9 days, and RY from 7 to 108.9 per week. All values are comparable with previous studies. RGR and RY of selected clones are higher than the growth potential for a wide range of wild plants and common crops. These data support that native duckweed has high productivity value and should be further investigated as a potentially rich protein source for alternative human food, livestock feed, and recombinant protein production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elham Taghipour
- National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Manuela Bog
- University of Greifswald, Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Fateme Frootan
- National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Shojaei
- National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rad
- National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Arezoumandi
- National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahyat Jafari
- National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Hatef Salmanian
- National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hemalatha M, Venkata Mohan S. Duckweed biorefinery - Potential to remediate dairy wastewater in integration with microbial protein production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 346:126499. [PMID: 34883194 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The phytoremediation potential of Duckweed in treating dairy wastewater (DWW) was studied, focusing on its utilization as nutritional biomass. The process resulted in good treatment efficiency with removal of organic carbon of 74% (COD), nitrates of 66% and phosphates of 80%. The increase in duckweed fronds with time was observed (doubling time (DT) - 0.87) resulting in an overall dry weight of 3.73 g. The lentils showed 58% of protein, 29.5% of carbohydrate (with 20% of starch), 15.6% of lipid (FAME-29.3%-saturated, 40.7%-mono- and 30%-poly-unsaturated fatty acids) and good amino acid content (34.04% essential and 65.92% non-essential). The biomass hydrolysate (mild acid pretreated) served as a substrate for microbial protein (MP) production using Bacillus subtilis, resulting in 60% of protein (0.57 g protein/g COD consumed; 0.63 g protein/g N consumed) and 21% of carbohydrate. The duckweed biomass offers multiple benefits including nutritional supplement in food/feed for livestock and poultry industries along with concurrent wastewater treatment as well serves as potential feedstock for biorefinery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manupati Hemalatha
- Bioengineering and Environmental Sciences Lab, Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering (DEEE), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - S Venkata Mohan
- Bioengineering and Environmental Sciences Lab, Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering (DEEE), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
| |
Collapse
|