Synthesis of 3-(phenoxathiin-2-yl)-2-pyrazoline derivatives as new antibacterial and antifungal agents

Discovery of Anticancer Agents from 2-Pyrazoline-Based Compounds

As nitrogen-containing five-membered heterocyclic structural units, the substituted pyrazole derivatives have a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities, especially 4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazoles that also commonly known as 2-pyrazolines. Since 2010, considerable studies have been found that the 2-pyrazoline derivatives possess potent anticancer activities. In the present review, it covers the pyrazoline derivatives reported by literature from 2010 till date (2010-2019). This review aims to establish the relationship between the anticancer activities variation and different substituents introduced into a 2-pyrazoline core, which could provide important pharmacophore clues for the discovery of new anticancer agents containing 2-pyrazoline scaffold.

Synthesis of cationic acrylate copolyvidone-iodine nanoparticles with double active centers and their antibacterial application

Antibacterial materials are rapidly emerging as a primary component in the mitigation of bacterial pathogens, and functional polymers play a vital role in the preparation of antibacterial coatings. In this study, a novel antibacterial polymer with double active centers was synthesized. Firstly, using one-pot soap-free emulsion polymerization technology, the cationic acrylate copolymeric polyvidone (CACPV) was synthesized by copolymerization of four monomers with different functions, which were methyl methacrylate (MMA), N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone (NVP), γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MAPTS) and [3-(methacryloylamino)propyl]trimethylammonium chloride (MAPTAC). Secondly, using iodine complexation, the cationic acrylate copolyvidone-iodine (CACPVI) nanoparticles were prepared. After being characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and contact angle test, the antibacterial activity of CACPVI was evaluated against the typical human pathogens Escherichia coli (E. coli, Gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus, Gram-positive). Additionally, CACPVI was used to improve the antibacterial activities of some materials, such as ink, dye and coatings. It was found that CACPVI presented an excellent antibacterial synergy. When the antibacterial activities were more than 99% at a concentration of 40.00 μg mL-1, CACPVI exhibited long-term antibacterial performance as expected. The antibacterial mechanism of this synergy was also investigated. In summary, a novel antibacterial polymer material with double active centers was successfully synthesized and was widely applied in coating, dye and ink materials for minimizing bacterial infection.

A convenient synthesis of novel amino acid derivatives with potential antibacterial activity using sustainable materials

Following the principles of green chemistry, cardanol derivatives have been used as renewable, low-cost and easily available natural starting materials to construct a variety of protected and unprotected amino acid derivatives. The reaction of cardanol derivatives with different phthalylamino acids including glycine, alanine, phenylalanine and valine in the presence of N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) as coupling reagent yielded the target compounds in high yields. Deprotection of phthalylamino acid derivatives was achieved by heating with hydrazine hydrate. The chemical structures of all products were confirmed by spectral (FTIR, MS, 1H NMR, 13C NMR) and elemental analyses. The synthesised products were evaluated for their antibacterial activity, and the compounds exhibited potent to weak activity in comparison with a standard drug.

Microwave-assisted stereoselective approach to novel steroidal ring D-fused 2-pyrazolines and an evaluation of their cell-growth inhibitory effects in vitro

Novel ring D-condensed 2-pyrazolines in the Δ(5)-androstene series were efficiently synthesized from 16-dehydropregnenolone or its acetate with different arylhydrazines or methylhydrazine, respectively, under microwave irradiation. The reactions are assumed to occur via hydrazone intermediates, followed by intramolecular 1,4-addition leading to the fused heteroring stereoselectively with a 16α,17α-cis ring junction. The synthesized compounds were subjected to in vitro pharmacological studies of their antiproliferative activities against four human breast (MCF7, T47D, MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-361) and three cervical (HeLa, C33A and SiHA) malignant cell lines. Flow cytometry revealed that the most potent agent elicited a cell cycle disturbance.

Homologous 1,3,5-triarylpyrazolines: synthesis, CH⋯π interactions guided self-assembly and effect of alkyloxy chain length on DNA binding properties

The synthesis, CH⋯π interactions-driven self-assembled structure and DNA binding properties (10⁵–10⁶M⁻¹binding constants) of new homologous 1,3,5-triaryl-2-pyrazolines are reported.