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Bellini C, Mancin F, Papini E, Tavano R. Nanotechnological Approaches to Enhance the Potential of α-Lipoic Acid for Application in the Clinic. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:706. [PMID: 38929145 PMCID: PMC11201002 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
α-lipoic acid is a naturally occurring compound with potent antioxidant properties that helps protect cells and tissues from oxidative stress. Its incorporation into nanoplatforms can affect factors like bioavailability, stability, reactivity, and targeted delivery. Nanoformulations of α-lipoic acid can significantly enhance its solubility and absorption, making it more bioavailable. While α-lipoic acid can be prone to degradation in its free form, encapsulation within nanoparticles ensures its stability over time, and its release in a controlled and sustained manner to the targeted tissues and cells. In addition, α-lipoic acid can be combined with other compounds, such as other antioxidants, drugs, or nanomaterials, to create synergistic effects that enhance their overall therapeutic benefits or hinder their potential cytotoxicity. This review outlines the advantages and drawbacks associated with the use of α-lipoic acid, as well as various nanotechnological approaches employed to enhance its therapeutic effectiveness, whether alone or in combination with other bioactive agents. Furthermore, it describes the engineering of α-lipoic acid to produce poly(α-lipoic acid) nanoparticles, which hold promise as an effective drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Bellini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/b, 35121 Padova, Italy; (C.B.); (E.P.)
| | - Fabrizio Mancin
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 1, 35121 Padova, Italy;
| | - Emanuele Papini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/b, 35121 Padova, Italy; (C.B.); (E.P.)
| | - Regina Tavano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/b, 35121 Padova, Italy; (C.B.); (E.P.)
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Alhakamy NA, Fahmy UA. Exploring cytotoxicity of cordycepin loaded nanovesicles against (HCT116) colon cancer cells: Optimization and cellular evaluation. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 154:113619. [PMID: 36081285 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous researchers have investigated cordycepin (COR) as an anti-tumor compound. COR has been documented to have cytotoxic effects on several cancer cells. The current work used a Box-Behnken mathematical design to minimize COR's size. The design incorporated COR concentration, phospholipid concentration and sonication time as variables to minimize the vesicles of COR emulsomes (COR-EMLs). To evaluate degree of improvement of COR cytotoxicity against colorectal cancer (HCT116) cells, cell viability, cell cycle analysis and apoptosis have been assessed. In addition, wound scratching and mitochondrial membrane potential were evaluated. Results of Box-Behnken design achieved COR-EMLs sizes in range from 91.54 ± 2.3-343.83 ± 3.7 nm. Moreover, the optimized formula morphology's was evaluated using transmission electron microscope and showed nanospheres in range of 100 nm. COR released from COR-EMLs exceeded 80% after 12 h.The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the refined COR-EML formula was about four times lower than that of COR-raw. The cell cycle study revealed that administration of COR-EML considerably hindered HCT116 cellular propagation in contrast to plain emulsomes (EMLs) and COR-raw with a denser cell compilation in G2/M. Moreover, the optimized formula notably enhanced the proportion of cells in both the initial and late phases of apoptosis. The augmentation of COR cytotoxicity was confirmed by its inhibition of cancer cell wound healing by approximately 40%. The mitochondrial membrane potential was significantly lower than in cells treated with COR-raw and EMLs. Finally, loading COR into the EMLs increased COR's capacity to lower mitochondrial membrane functionality and significantly improved its cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil A Alhakamy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Mohamed Saeed Tamer Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Usama A Fahmy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Mohamed Saeed Tamer Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
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Z. Asfour H, S. Ibrahim T, A. A. Ahme O, Alhakamy NA, Fahmy UA, W. Al-Rabi M. Sitagliptin Combined HIV-TAT as Potential Therapeutic Targeting of SARS-CoV-2 Virus. INT J PHARMACOL 2022. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2022.70.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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4
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Afshari AR, Mollazadeh H, Henney NC, Jamialahmad T, Sahebkar A. Effects of statins on brain tumors: a review. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 73:116-133. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Badr-Eldin SM, Fahmy UA, Aldawsari HM, Ahmed OAA, Alhakamy NA, Okbazghi SZ, El-Moselhy MA, Alghaith AF, Anter A, Matouk AI, Mahdi WA, Alshehri S, Bakhaidar R. Optimized Self-Nanoemulsifying Delivery System Based on Plant-Derived Oil Augments Alpha-Lipoic Acid Protective Effects Against Experimentally Induced Gastric Lesions. Dose Response 2021; 19:15593258211001259. [PMID: 33867893 PMCID: PMC8020240 DOI: 10.1177/15593258211001259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptic ulcer disease is an injury of the alimentary tract that leads to a mucosal defect reaching the submucosa. Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), a natural potent antioxidant, has been known as a gastroprotective drug yet its low bioavailability may restrict its therapeutic efficacy. This study aimed to formulate and optimize ALA using a self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) with a size of nano-range, enhancing its absorption and augmenting its gastric ulcer protection efficacy. Three SNEDDS components were selected as the design factors: the concentrations of the pumpkin oil (X1, 10–30%), the surfactant tween 80 (X2, 20–50%), and the co-surfactant polyethylene glycol 200 (X3, 30–60%). The experimental design for the proposed mixture produced 16 formulations with varying ALA-SNEDDS formulation component percentages. The optimized ALA-SNEDDS formula was investigated for gastric ulcer protective effects by evaluating the ulcer index and by the determination of gastric mucosa oxidative stress parameters. Results revealed that optimized ALA-SNEDDS achieved significant improvement in gastric ulcer index in comparison with raw ALA. Histopathological findings confirmed the protective effect of the formulated optimized ALASNEDDS in comparison with raw ALA. These findings suggest that formulation of ALA in SNEDDS form would be more effective in gastric ulcer protection compared to pure ALA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa M Badr-Eldin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Usama A Fahmy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hibah M Aldawsari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Advanced Drug Delivery Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama A A Ahmed
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Advanced Drug Delivery Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nabil A Alhakamy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Advanced Drug Delivery Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Solomon Z Okbazghi
- Global Analytical and Pharmaceutical Development, Alexion Pharmaceuticals, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mohamed A El-Moselhy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Ibn Sina National College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel F Alghaith
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aliaa Anter
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Asmaa I Matouk
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Wael Ali Mahdi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Alshehri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Almaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rana Bakhaidar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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A. Shazly G, M. Elossai G, A. Ibrahim M, Aljohani OS, A. Fahmy U, Mohsin K. Simvastatin Loaded D-α-tocopherol Polyethylene Glycol 1000 Succinate Micelles Augments Cytotoxicity Against Breast Cancer Cells. INT J PHARMACOL 2020. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2020.492.499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Matusewicz L, Czogalla A, Sikorski AF. Attempts to use statins in cancer therapy: An update. Tumour Biol 2020; 42:1010428320941760. [PMID: 32662332 DOI: 10.1177/1010428320941760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although it could be speculated that almost everything has been said concerning the use of statins in cancer therapy, statins as anticancer drugs have both committed supporters and opponents, for whom the dispute about the legitimacy of statin use in cancer treatment seems never to be clearly resolved; every year more than 300 reports which deepen the knowledge about statins and their influence on cancer cells are published. In this mini-review, we focus on the latest (since 2015) outcomes of cohort studies and meta-analyses indicating statin effectiveness in cancer treatment. We discuss attempts to improve the bioavailability of statins using nanocarriers and review the effectiveness of statins in combined therapies. We also summarise the latest results regarding the development of mechanisms of resistance to statins by cancer cells and, on the other hand, give a few examples where statins could potentially be used to overcome resistance to commonly used chemotherapeutics. Finally, special attention is paid to new reports on the effect of statins on epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucyna Matusewicz
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Aleksander Czogalla
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
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Fahmy UA, L. Alaofi A, Awan ZA, Alqarni HM, Alhakamy NA. Optimization of Thymoquinone-Loaded Coconut Oil Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for the Management of Ethanol-Induced Ulcer. AAPS PharmSciTech 2020; 21:137. [PMID: 32419124 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-020-01693-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the global incidence of peptic ulcer, with the associated rates of hospitalizations and mortality are increasing, in the United States, peptic ulcer disease affects approximately 4.6 million people annually, with an estimated 10% of the US population having evidence of a duodenal ulcer. The present research aims to find a novel treatment for ethanol induced ulcer by loading thymoquinone (TQ) on a nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC), using Compritol® 888 and coconut oil. The TQ-loaded coconut oil NLC was formulated using melt emulsification combined with a sonication method using Poloxamer 188 as a surfactant. Finally, the optimization of the formulations was performed on a three-factor, three-level Box-Behnken statistical design, with 85.63% entrapment efficiency of TQ in the optimized formulation. A biphasic release pattern of the formulation was recorded in an in vitro drug release study, where the initial burst release of the drug was observed in the first 2 h, followed by a gradual release. Later, the TQ-loaded coconut oil NLC was found to protect the gastric mucous membrane more effectively (78.95% in.; p < 0.01) in an alcohol-induced ulcer model, whereas the TQ suspension showed 30.87% inhibition (p < 0.05) of the ulcerative index, when compared with the ulcer control group. The histopathological evaluations of the stomach in ulcer-induced animals demonstrated protection potential of TQ-loaded coconut oil NLC against an alcohol-induced gastric ulcer. In a nutshell, the entrapment of TQ within the NLC was found to deliver the entrapped drug more effectively when administered through an oral route to possess a gastroprotective effect.
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An Overview of the Antioxidant Effects of Ascorbic Acid and Alpha Lipoic Acid (in Liposomal Forms) as Adjuvant in Cancer Treatment. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9050359. [PMID: 32344912 PMCID: PMC7278686 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9050359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Antioxidants are known to minimize oxidative stress by interacting with free radicals produced as a result of cell aerobic reactions. Oxidative stress has long been linked to many diseases, especially tumours. Therefore, antioxidants play a crucial role in the prevention or management of free radical-related diseases. However, most of these antioxidants have anticancer effects only if taken in large doses. Others show inadequate bioavailability due to their instability in the blood or having a hydrophilic nature that limits their permeation through the cell membrane. Therefore, entrapping antioxidants in liposomes may overcome these drawbacks as liposomes have the capability to accommodate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds with a considerable stability. Additionally, liposomes have the capability to accumulate at the cancer tissue passively, due to their small sizes, with enhanced drug delivery. Additionally, liposomes can be engineered with targeting moieties to increase the delivery of chemotherapeutic agents to specific tumour cells with decreased accumulation in healthy tissues. Therefore, combined use of liposomes and antioxidants, with or without chemotherapeutic agents, is an attractive strategy to combat varies tumours. This mini review focuses on the liposomal delivery of selected antioxidants, namely ascorbic acid (AA) and alpha-lipoic acid (ALA). The contribution of these nanocarriers in enhancing the antioxidant effect of AA and ALA and consequently their anticancer potentials will be demonstrated.
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Chitosan Coated Microparticles Enhance Simvastatin Colon Targeting and Pro-Apoptotic Activity. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18040226. [PMID: 32344610 PMCID: PMC7231066 DOI: 10.3390/md18040226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This work aimed at improving the targeting and cytotoxicity of simvastatin (SMV) against colon cancer cells. SMV was encapsulated in chitosan polymers, followed by eudragit S100 microparticles. The release of SMV double coated microparticles was dependent on time and pH. At pH 7.4 maximum release was observed for 6 h. The efficiency of the double coat to target colonic tissues was confirmed using real-time X-ray radiography of iohexol dye. Entrapment efficiency and particle size were used in the characterization of the formula. Cytotoxicity of SMV microparticles against HCT-116 colon cancer cells was significantly improved as compared to raw SMV. Cell cycle analysis by flow cytomeric technique indicated enhanced accumulation of colon cancer cells in the G2/M phase. Additionally, a significantly higher cell fraction was observed in the pre-G phase, which highlighted enhancement of the proapoptotic activity of SMV prepared in the double coat formula. Assessment of annexin V staining was used for confirmation. Cell fraction in early, late and total cell death were significantly elevated. This was accompanied by a significant elevation of cellular caspase 3 activity. In conclusion, SMV-loaded chitosan coated with eudragit S100 formula exhibited improved colon targeting and enhanced cytotoxicity and proapoptotic activity against HCT-116 colon cancer cells.
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Alfaifi MY, Shati AA, Alshehri MA, Elbehairi SEI, Fahmy UA, Alshehri OY. Atorvastatin-TPGS-PLGA Nanoparticles Cytotoxicity Augmentation Against Liver Cancer HepG2 cells. INT J PHARMACOL 2020. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2020.79.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Alhakamy NA, Fahmy UA, Ahmed OAA. Vitamin E TPGS based transferosomes augmented TAT as a promising delivery system for improved transdermal delivery of raloxifene. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0226639. [PMID: 31881053 PMCID: PMC6934291 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Raloxifene is commonly used for breast cancer protection. The low bioavailability of raloxifene (2%) is the result of its low solubility and intestinal glucuronidation. The nano-lipid carriers are characterized by small particle size, biocompatibility, and sustainable properties that improve cellular uptake of the loaded drug. The aim of this study was the improvement of raloxifene bioavailability by enhancing its solubility and cellular penetration through formulation of D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate based transferosomes and augmenting their effect with the cationic cell-penetrating peptide transactivator of transcription of the human immunodeficiency virus. Particle size, zeta potential, and transmission electron microscope investigation of the formed nanocarriers were carried out. Ex vivo raloxifene permeation through rat skin and cell viability studies was investigated. The results of D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate- transactivator of transcription of the human immunodeficiency virus transferosomes showed an average vesicle size of 96.05 nm with positively charged vesicles 39.4 mV of zeta potential value. The results revealed significant (p < 0.05) enhancement of raloxifene permeation from raloxifene transferosomes- loaded film when compared with raw raloxifene film. IC50 results showed significant improvement of formulated raloxifene cytotoxicity by 1.42-fold in comparison with raw raloxifene against MCF-7 cell lines. The developed raloxifene-transferosomes are considered promising nano-lipid carriers for the enhancement delivery of raloxifene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil A. Alhakamy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Usama A. Fahmy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama A. A. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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Wang J, Sang W, Yang Z, Shen Z, Wang Z, Jacobson O, Chen Y, Wang Y, Shao M, Niu G, Dai Y, Chen X. Polyphenol-based nanoplatform for MRI/PET dual-modality imaging guided effective combination chemotherapy. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:5688-5694. [PMID: 31475276 PMCID: PMC6760993 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb01597c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Combination therapy with multiple chemotherapeutic agents is the main approach for cancer treatment in the clinic. Polyphenol-based materials are found in our diet, demonstrate good biocompatibility, and prevent numerous diseases. In this study, we encapsulate two drugs in a single polyphenol-based polymer with Fe3+ or Mn2+ ions as the cross-linker for cancer therapy. The combination index of two drugs is an essential parameter to evaluate drug combinations. The amphiphilic polymer poly(ethylene glycol)-block-polydopamine (PEG-PDA) was prepared by RAFT polymerization. The nanoparticles were prepared via self-assembly with Fe3+ or Mn2+ ions. Both doxorubicin (DOX) and simvastatin (SV) were encapsulated in the core of the nanoparticles. The cell viability and combination index were evaluated in vitro. The tumor accumulation of the nanoparticles was investigated by positron-emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The as-prepared nanoparticles exhibited high drug loading capacity. The drug loaded nanoparticles could kill cancer cells effectively with a combination index <1. Both PET and MRI revealed that the nanoparticles showed long blood circulation time and high tumor accumulation. The nanoparticles could inhibit tumor inhibition via intravenous injection of nanoparticles. The polyphenol-based nanoplatform may serve as a promising theranostic candidate for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China and Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Wei Sang
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China. and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Zheyu Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Zhantong Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Orit Jacobson
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Yundai Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Mingyan Shao
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Gang Niu
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Yunlu Dai
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China. and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Radwan MF, Moselhy MAE, Fahmy UA, Aljaeid BM. Novel Combination of Alprostadil-D-tocopheryl Polyethylene Glycol Succinate for Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction. INT J PHARMACOL 2019. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2019.738.744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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15
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Fahmy UA. Augmentation of Fluvastatin Cytotoxicity Against Prostate Carcinoma PC3 Cell Line Utilizing Alpha Lipoic-Ellagic Acid Nanostructured Lipid Carrier Formula. AAPS PharmSciTech 2018; 19:3454-3461. [PMID: 30350252 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-018-1199-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Statins are commonly used in the middle-aged and elderly people for treatment of hyperlipidemia. Both alpha lipoic acid (ALA) and ellagic acid (EA) are natural antioxidants found in a normal diet. They can protect against cellular damage and induce cellular apoptosis in many types of cancer cells. Fluvastatin (FLV) was combined with ALA and EA in a nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) formula. The prepared NLCs were imaged with a transmission electron microscope (TEM). Particle size and zeta potential and FLV entrapment efficiency (%EE) were measured, and the FLV release profile was constructed. Cellular viability, caspase-3 enzyme levels, and cellular cycle were analyzed. The prepared NLCs were spherical, with a size of 85.2 ± 4.1 nm, and had a zeta potential of - 25.1 ± 3.4 mV and a %EE of 98.2 ± 1.1%. FLV IC50 was decreased by half by the formula and by about 30% when compared with the three drugs together. According to cell-cycle analysis, treatment with FLV-ALA-EA NLCs caused a significant increase in pre-G1 phase by about 1.44-fold in comparison with FLV-ALA-EA. These findings demonstrate that ALA and EA induced cell death, which makes their combination with FLV a candidate for prostate cancer therapy.
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