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Lu Z, Yao G, Xie H, Wang D, Chen Y, Zhu W. Pharmaceutical Properties of the Phloretin-4,4'-Bipyridine Cocrystal: Structure Analysis, Drug Release Profile, and Antioxidant Activity Research. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:31477-31487. [PMID: 39072064 PMCID: PMC11270679 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
To improve the water solubility of phloretin, we synthesized the Phl-4B cocrystal using the solvent evaporation method. Various analytical techniques including powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), 1HNMR, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) were employed to evaluate the crystal thermodynamics and structure. The results of PXRD and SCXRD showed that it was a new cocrystal crystallized in the P-1 space group of the triclinic system. Thermal analysis confirmed the purity of the Phl-4B cocrystal. The equilibrium solubility of the Phl-4B cocrystal in pH 1.2 was improved. In vitro simulated digestion experiments indicated that the release of the Phl-4B cocrystal followed Fick diffusion. The stability activity of phloretin after pharmaceutical cocrystallization was improved. The antioxidant of the Phl-4B cocrystal was better than that of pure Phl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyu Lu
- Guangdong
Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Gengzhen Yao
- Guangdong
Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Huanglie Xie
- Guangdong
Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Dawei Wang
- Shunde
Hospital of Chinese Medicine of Foshan City, Foshan 528300, China
| | - Yanfen Chen
- Guangdong
Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- The
Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
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2
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Aramini A, Bianchini G, Lillini S, Tomassetti M, Pacchiarotti N, Canestrari D, Cocchiaro P, Novelli R, Dragani MC, Palmerio F, Mattioli S, Bordignon S, d'Angelo M, Castelli V, d'Egidio F, Maione S, Luongo L, Boccella S, Cimini A, Brandolini L, Chierotti MR, Allegretti M. Ketoprofen, lysine and gabapentin co-crystal magnifies synergistic efficacy and tolerability of the constituent drugs: Pre-clinical evidences towards an innovative therapeutic approach for neuroinflammatory pain. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114845. [PMID: 37167730 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain is an enormous public health concern, and its treatment is still an unmet medical need. Starting from data highlighting the promising effects of some nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in combination with gabapentin in pain treatment, we sought to combine ketoprofen lysine salt (KLS) and gabapentin to obtain an effective multimodal therapeutic approach for chronic pain. Using relevant in vitro models, we first demonstrated that KLS and gabapentin have supra-additive effects in modulating key pathways in neuropathic pain and gastric mucosal damage. To leverage these supra-additive effects, we then chemically combined the two drugs via co-crystallization to yield a new compound, a ternary drug-drug co-crystal of ketoprofen, lysine and gabapentin (KLS-GABA co-crystal). Physicochemical, biodistribution and pharmacokinetic studies showed that within the co-crystal, ketoprofen reaches an increased gastrointestinal solubility and permeability, as well as a higher systemic exposure in vivo compared to KLS alone or in combination with gabapentin, while both the constituent drugs have increased central nervous system permeation. These unique characteristics led to striking, synergistic anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of KLS-GABA co-crystal, as well as significantly reduced spinal neuroinflammation, in translational inflammatory and neuropathic pain rat models, suggesting that the synergistic therapeutic effects of the constituent drugs are further boosted by the co-crystallization. Notably, while strengthening the therapeutic effects of ketoprofen, KLS-GABA co-crystal showed remarkable gastrointestinal tolerability in both inflammatory and chronic neuropathic pain rat models. In conclusion, these results allow us to propose KLS-GABA co-crystal as a new drug candidate with high potential clinical benefit-to-risk ratio for chronic pain treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Aramini
- R&D, Dompé Farmaceutici S.p.A, Via Campo di Pilel, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Gianluca Bianchini
- R&D, Dompé Farmaceutici S.p.A, Via Campo di Pilel, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Samuele Lillini
- R&D, Dompé Farmaceutici S.p.A, Via De Amicis, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Mara Tomassetti
- R&D, Dompé Farmaceutici S.p.A, Via De Amicis, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Daniele Canestrari
- R&D, Dompé Farmaceutici S.p.A, Via Campo di Pilel, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | | | - Rubina Novelli
- R&D, Dompé Farmaceutici S.p.A, Via S. Lucia, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Simone Mattioli
- R&D, Dompé Farmaceutici S.p.A, Via De Amicis, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Simone Bordignon
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University of Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy
| | - Michele d'Angelo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Vanessa Castelli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesco d'Egidio
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Sabatino Maione
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Livio Luongo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Serena Boccella
- R&D, Dompé Farmaceutici S.p.A, Via De Amicis, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Cimini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy; Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine and Center for Biotechnology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Laura Brandolini
- R&D, Dompé Farmaceutici S.p.A, Via Campo di Pilel, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
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3
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Gan L, Lyu X, Yang X, Zhao Z, Tang Y, Chen Y, Yao Y, Hong F, Xu Z, Chen J, Gu L, Mao H, Liu Y, Sun J, Zhou Z, Du X, Jiang H, Li Y, Sun N, Liang X, Zuo L. Application of Angiotensin Receptor–Neprilysin Inhibitor in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: Chinese Expert Consensus. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:877237. [PMID: 35928297 PMCID: PMC9343998 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.877237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health problem, and cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death in patients with CKD. The incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular events during the early stages of CKD increases significantly with a decline in renal function. More than 50% of dialysis patients die from cardiovascular disease, including coronary heart disease, heart failure, arrhythmia, and sudden cardiac death. Therefore, developing effective methods to control risk factors and improve prognosis is the primary focus during the diagnosis and treatment of CKD. For example, the SPRINT study demonstrated that CKD drugs are effective in reducing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events by controlling blood pressure. Uncontrolled blood pressure not only increases the risk of these events but also accelerates the progression of CKD. A co-crystal complex of sacubitril, which is a neprilysin inhibitor, and valsartan, which is an angiotensin receptor blockade, has the potential to be widely used against CKD. Sacubitril inhibits neprilysin, which further reduces the degradation of natriuretic peptides and enhances the beneficial effects of the natriuretic peptide system. In contrast, valsartan alone can block the angiotensin II-1 (AT1) receptor and therefore inhibit the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system. These two components can act synergistically to relax blood vessels, prevent and reverse cardiovascular remodeling, and promote natriuresis. Recent studies have repeatedly confirmed that the first and so far the only angiotensin receptor–neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) sacubitril/valsartan can reduce blood pressure more effectively than renin–angiotensin system inhibitors and improve the prognosis of heart failure in patients with CKD. Here, we propose clinical recommendations based on an expert consensus to guide ARNI-based therapeutics and reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular events in patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangying Gan
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxi Lyu
- Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | | | - Zhanzheng Zhao
- First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ying Tang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanhan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Yao
- Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Zhonghao Xu
- Bethune First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jihong Chen
- Shenzhen Bao'an People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Leyi Gu
- Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Ying Liu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Zhu Zhou
- First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xuanyi Du
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- People's Hospital of Xinjiang, Urumqi, China
| | - Yong Li
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ningling Sun
- Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xinling Liang
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Zuo
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Li Zuo
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Kumari N, Roy P, Roy S, Parmar PK, Chakraborty S, Das S, Pandey N, Bose A, Bansal AK, Ghosh A. Investigating the Role of the Reduced Solubility of the Pirfenidone-Fumaric Acid Cocrystal in Sustaining the Release Rate from Its Tablet Dosage Form by Conducting Comparative Bioavailability Study in Healthy Human Volunteers. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:1557-1572. [PMID: 35290064 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pirfenidone (PFD) is the first pharmacological agent approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2014 for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The recommended daily dosage of PFD in patients with IPF is very high (2403 mg/day) and must be mitigated through additives. In the present work, sustained-release (SR) formulations of the PFD-FA cocrystal of two different strengths such as 200 and 600 mg were prepared and its comparative bioavailability in healthy human volunteers was studied against the reference formulation PIRFENEX (200 mg). A single-dose pharmacokinetic study (200 mg IR vs 200 mg SR) demonstrated that the test formulation exhibited lower Cmax and Tmax in comparison to the reference formulation, which showed that the cocrystal behaved like an SR formulation. Further in the multiple-dose comparative bioavailability study (200 mg IR thrice daily vs 600 mg SR once daily), the test formulation was found bioequivalent to the reference formulation. In conclusion, the present study suggests that cocrystallization offers a promising strategy to reduce the solubility of PFD and opens the door for potential new dosage forms of this important pharmaceutical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimmy Kumari
- Solid State Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835215, Jharkhand, India
| | - Parag Roy
- Solid State Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835215, Jharkhand, India
| | - Sukanta Roy
- Bioequivalence Study Center, TAAB Biostudy Services, Ibrahimpore Road, Kolkata 700032, India.,School of Pharmacy, The Neotia University, Sarisha 743368, West Bengal, India
| | - Prashantkumar K Parmar
- Solid State Pharmaceutics Lab, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector-67, S.A.S Nagar, Mohali 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Soumalya Chakraborty
- Solid State Pharmaceutics Lab, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector-67, S.A.S Nagar, Mohali 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Sourav Das
- Bioequivalence Study Center, TAAB Biostudy Services, Ibrahimpore Road, Kolkata 700032, India.,School of Pharmacy, The Neotia University, Sarisha 743368, West Bengal, India
| | - Noopur Pandey
- Solid State Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835215, Jharkhand, India
| | - Anirbandeep Bose
- Bioequivalence Study Center, TAAB Biostudy Services, Ibrahimpore Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Arvind Kumar Bansal
- Solid State Pharmaceutics Lab, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector-67, S.A.S Nagar, Mohali 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Animesh Ghosh
- Solid State Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835215, Jharkhand, India
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5
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Xia MY, Zhu BQ, Wang JR, Yang ZE, Mei XF. Superior Dissolution Behavior and Bioavailability of Pharmaceutical Cocrystals and Recent Regulatory Issues. ACS Med Chem Lett 2021; 13:29-37. [PMID: 35059121 PMCID: PMC8762724 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cocrystallization has been used extensively to optimize the physicochemical properties of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), such as stability, dissolution, and bioavailability. This review summarizes the history and development of cocrystals, the differences between pharmaceutical cocrystals and salts, and the mechanism underlying the improvement of dissolution through cocrystallization. The correlation of in vitro dissolution and in vivo absorption data (IVIVC) of cocrystals has been discussed as well. Subsequently, guidelines for regulatory classification of cocrystals by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA) are introduced. Finally, d-α-tocopherol is used as an example to demonstrate the potential of cocrystals in patent generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Y. Xia
- Pharmaceutical
Analytical & Solid-State Chemistry Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China,University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bing Q. Zhu
- Pharmaceutical
Analytical & Solid-State Chemistry Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jian-R. Wang
- Pharmaceutical
Analytical & Solid-State Chemistry Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ze E. Yang
- Pharmaceutical
Analytical & Solid-State Chemistry Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xue F. Mei
- Pharmaceutical
Analytical & Solid-State Chemistry Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China,University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China,
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6
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Wong SN, Chen YCS, Xuan B, Sun CC, Chow SF. Cocrystal engineering of pharmaceutical solids: therapeutic potential and challenges. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce00825k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This highlight presents an overview of pharmaceutical cocrystal production and its potential in reviving problematic properties of drugs in different dosage forms. The challenges and future outlook of its translational development are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Nga Wong
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, L2-08B, Laboratory Block, 21 Sassoon Road Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yu Chee Sonia Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, L2-08B, Laboratory Block, 21 Sassoon Road Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Bianfei Xuan
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, L2-08B, Laboratory Block, 21 Sassoon Road Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Changquan Calvin Sun
- Pharmaceutical Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Shing Fung Chow
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, L2-08B, Laboratory Block, 21 Sassoon Road Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation Centre, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
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