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Akhmetova DR, Rogova A, Tishchenko YA, Mitusova KA, Postovalova AS, Dovbysh OV, Gavrilova NV, Epifanovskaya OS, Pyatiizbyantsev TA, Shakirova AI, Brodskaia AV, Shipilovskikh SA, Timin AS. An investigation of nano- and micron-sized carriers based on calcium carbonate and polylactic acid for oral administration of siRNA. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2024; 21:1279-1295. [PMID: 39141571 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2024.2393244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral delivery of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) draws significant attention, but the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) has many biological barriers that limit the drugs' bioavailability. The aim of this work was to investigate the potential of micro- and nano-sized CaCO3 and PLA carriers for oral delivery of siRNA and reveal a relationship between the physicochemical features of these carriers and their biodistribution. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In vitro stability of carriers was investigated in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids. Toxicity and cellular uptake were investigated on Caco-2 cells. The biodistribution profiles of the developed CaCO3 and PLA carriers were examined using different visualization methods, including SPECT, fluorescence imaging, radiometry, and histological analysis. The delivery efficiency of siRNA loaded carriers was investigated both in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS Micro-sized carriers were accumulated in the stomach and later localized in the colon tissues. The nanoscale particles (100-250 nm) were distributed in the colon tissues. nPLA was also detected in small intestine. The developed carriers can prevent siRNA from premature degradation in GIT media. CONCLUSION Our results reveal how the physicochemical properties of the particles, including their size and material type can affect their biodistribution profile and oral delivery of siRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darya R Akhmetova
- Laboratory of nano- and microencapsulation of biologically active substances, Peter The Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
- International Research and Education Centre for Physics of Nanostructures, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anna Rogova
- Laboratory of nano- and microencapsulation of biologically active substances, Peter The Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Yulia A Tishchenko
- Laboratory of nano- and microencapsulation of biologically active substances, Peter The Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ksenia A Mitusova
- Laboratory of nano- and microencapsulation of biologically active substances, Peter The Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alisa S Postovalova
- Laboratory of nano- and microencapsulation of biologically active substances, Peter The Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olesya V Dovbysh
- Laboratory of nano- and microencapsulation of biologically active substances, Peter The Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Nina V Gavrilova
- Laboratory of nano- and microencapsulation of biologically active substances, Peter The Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olga S Epifanovskaya
- Laboratory of gene and cell therapy, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Timofey A Pyatiizbyantsev
- Laboratory of gene and cell therapy, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alena I Shakirova
- Laboratory of gene and cell therapy, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexandra V Brodskaia
- Laboratory of nano- and microencapsulation of biologically active substances, Peter The Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sergei A Shipilovskikh
- International Research and Education Centre for Physics of Nanostructures, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander S Timin
- Laboratory of nano- and microencapsulation of biologically active substances, Peter The Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
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Beach M, Nayanathara U, Gao Y, Zhang C, Xiong Y, Wang Y, Such GK. Polymeric Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery. Chem Rev 2024; 124:5505-5616. [PMID: 38626459 PMCID: PMC11086401 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
The recent emergence of nanomedicine has revolutionized the therapeutic landscape and necessitated the creation of more sophisticated drug delivery systems. Polymeric nanoparticles sit at the forefront of numerous promising drug delivery designs, due to their unmatched control over physiochemical properties such as size, shape, architecture, charge, and surface functionality. Furthermore, polymeric nanoparticles have the ability to navigate various biological barriers to precisely target specific sites within the body, encapsulate a diverse range of therapeutic cargo and efficiently release this cargo in response to internal and external stimuli. However, despite these remarkable advantages, the presence of polymeric nanoparticles in wider clinical application is minimal. This review will provide a comprehensive understanding of polymeric nanoparticles as drug delivery vehicles. The biological barriers affecting drug delivery will be outlined first, followed by a comprehensive description of the various nanoparticle designs and preparation methods, beginning with the polymers on which they are based. The review will meticulously explore the current performance of polymeric nanoparticles against a myriad of diseases including cancer, viral and bacterial infections, before finally evaluating the advantages and crucial challenges that will determine their wider clinical potential in the decades to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian
A. Beach
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Umeka Nayanathara
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Yanting Gao
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Changhe Zhang
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Yijun Xiong
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Yufu Wang
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Georgina K. Such
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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Asano D, Takakusa H, Nakai D. Oral Absorption of Middle-to-Large Molecules and Its Improvement, with a Focus on New Modality Drugs. Pharmaceutics 2023; 16:47. [PMID: 38258058 PMCID: PMC10820198 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
To meet unmet medical needs, middle-to-large molecules, including peptides and oligonucleotides, have emerged as new therapeutic modalities. Owing to their middle-to-large molecular sizes, middle-to-large molecules are not suitable for oral absorption, but there are high expectations around orally bioavailable macromolecular drugs, since oral administration is the most convenient dosing route. Therefore, extensive efforts have been made to create bioavailable middle-to-large molecules or develop absorption enhancement technology, from which some successes have recently been reported. For example, Rybelsus® tablets and Mycapssa® capsules, both of which contain absorption enhancers, were approved as oral medications for type 2 diabetes and acromegaly, respectively. The oral administration of Rybelsus and Mycapssa exposes their pharmacologically active peptides with molecular weights greater than 1000, namely, semaglutide and octreotide, respectively, into systemic circulation. Although these two medications represent major achievements in the development of orally absorbable peptide formulations, the oral bioavailability of peptides after taking Rybelsus and Mycapssa is still only around 1%. In this article, we review the approaches and recent advances of orally bioavailable middle-to-large molecules and discuss challenges for improving their oral absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daigo Asano
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-2-58, Hiromachi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 140-8710, Japan; (H.T.); (D.N.)
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Yu Q, Wu W. On the role of nanocarriers in oral drug delivery. Ther Deliv 2023; 14:741-744. [PMID: 38088095 DOI: 10.4155/tde-2023-0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Yu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200443, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200443, China
- Center for Medical Research & Innovation, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Centre, Shanghai, 201399, China
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of MOE, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
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