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Safari M, Alizadeh SS, Sadeghi Bazargani H, Aliashrafi A, Shakerkhatibi M, Moshashaei P. The priority setting of factors affecting a crash severity using the Analytic Network Process. J Inj Violence Res 2019; 12:11-19. [PMID: 31638102 PMCID: PMC7001606 DOI: 10.5249/jivr.v12i1.1229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The original step in reducing crash severity is recognition of the involved factors. The aim of this paper is to prioritize the factors affecting crashes severity. The current study was carried out in 2018 in Iran. Methods: The present cross-sectional study focuses on factors affecting the crash severity. Due to the compli-cated nature of traffic accidents, Multi-Criteria Decision-Making methods can be considered as an effective approach. In this work, the factors affecting a crash severity were identified and then attained factors were scored by ten traffic safety experts. To prioritize and weigh these factors, the Analytic Network Process method and Super Decisions program were used. Results: The results showed four main factors and 60 sub-factors in which the main factors in the order of priority were the safety (the most important sub-factor: speed over the upper limit), the other fac-tors (the most important sub-factor: road user type), the health (the most important sub-factor: drowsiness), and the environment (the most important sub-factor: slipping the road). Conclusions: In order to control the crash severity, the presented factors in this study could help traffic safety experts to prioritize and perform controlling actions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mohammad Shakerkhatibi
- Health and Environment Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrikant I. Bangdiwala
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, and Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Institute for Social and Health Sciences, University of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Violence, Injury & Peace Research Unit, South Africa Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa
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Oteir AO, Smith K, Stoelwinder JU, Cox S, Middleton JW, Jennings PA. The epidemiology of pre-hospital potential spinal cord injuries in Victoria, Australia: a six year retrospective cohort study. Inj Epidemiol 2016; 3:25. [PMID: 27747560 PMCID: PMC5065940 DOI: 10.1186/s40621-016-0089-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury (TSCI) is relatively uncommon, yet a devastating and costly condition. Despite the human and social impacts, studies describing patients with potential TSCI in the pre-hospital setting are scarce. This paper aims to describe the epidemiology of patients potentially at risk of or suspected to have a TSCI by paramedics, with a view to providing a better understanding of factors associated with potential TSCI. METHODS This is a retrospective cohort study of all adult patients managed and transported by Ambulance Victoria (AV) between 01 January 2007 and 31 December 2012 who, based on meeting pre-hospital triage protocols and criteria for spinal clearance, paramedic suspicion or spinal immobilisation, were classified to be at risk of or suspected to have a TSCI. Data was extracted from the AV data warehouse, including demographic details, trauma aetiology, paramedic assessment, management and other event characteristics. RESULTS A total of 106,059cases were included in the study, representing 2.3 % of all emergency transports by AV. Subjects had a median age of 51 years (interquartile range; 29-78) and 52.4 % were males (95 % CI 52-52.7). Males were significantly younger than females (M: 43 years [26-65] vs. F: 64 years [36-84], p =0.001). Falls and traffic accidents were the leading causes of injuries, comprising 46.9 and 39.4 % of cases, respectively. Other causes included accidents due to sport, animals, industrial work and diving, as well as violence and hanging. 29.9 % of patients were transported to a Major Trauma Service (MTS). A proportion of 48.8 % of the study population met the Pre-hospital Major Trauma criteria. CONCLUSION This is the first study to describe the epidemiology of potential TSCI in Australia and is based on a large, state-wide sample. It provides background knowledge and a baseline for future research, as well as a reference point for future in policy. Falling and traffic related injuries were the leading causes of potential SCI. Future research is required to identify the proportion of confirmed TSCI among the potentials and factors associated with TSCI in prehospital settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ala'a O Oteir
- Department of Community Emergency Health and Paramedic Practice, Monash University, Building 3, 270 Ferntree Gully Road, Notting Hill, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Karen Smith
- Research and Evaluation, Ambulance Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Johannes U Stoelwinder
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shelley Cox
- Research and Evaluation, Ambulance Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - James W Middleton
- John Walsh Centre for Rehabilitation Research, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards and Sydney Medical School-Northern, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Paul A Jennings
- Department of Community Emergency Health and Paramedic Practice, Monash University, Building 3, 270 Ferntree Gully Road, Notting Hill, VIC, 3168, Australia. .,Ambulance Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. .,Emergency and Trauma Centre, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. .,College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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Haghparast-Bidgoli H, Saadat S, Bogg L, Yarmohammadian MH, Hasselberg M. Factors affecting hospital length of stay and hospital charges associated with road traffic-related injuries in Iran. BMC Health Serv Res 2013; 13:281. [PMID: 23875993 PMCID: PMC3726419 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6963-13-281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2011] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are a substantial cause of mortality and disability globally. There is little published information regarding healthcare resource utilization following RTIs, especially in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). The aim of this study was to assess total hospital charges and length of stay (LOS) associated with RTIs in Iran and to explore the association with patients' socio-demographic characteristics, insurance status and injury-related factors (e.g. type of road users and safety equipment). METHOD The study was based on the Iranian National Trauma Registry Database (INTRD), which includes data from 14 general hospitals in eight major cities in Iran, for the years 2000 to 2004. 8,356 patients with RTI admitted to the hospitals were included in the current study. The variables extracted for the analysis included total hospital charges and length of stay, age, gender, socio-economic and insurance status, injury characteristics, medical outcome and use of safety equipment among the patients. Univariable analysis using non-parametric methods and multivariable regression analysis were performed to identify the factors associated with total hospital charges and LOS. RESULTS The mean hospital charges for the patients were 1,115,819 IRR (SD=1,831,647 IRR, US$128 ± US$210). The mean LOS for the patients was 6.8 (SD =8 days). Older age, being a bicycle rider, higher injury severity and longer LOS were associated with higher hospital charges. Longer LOS was associated with being male, having lower education level, having a medical insurance, being pedestrian or motorcyclist, being a blue-collar worker and having more severe injuries. The reported use of safety equipment was very low and did not have significant effect on the hospital charges and LOS. CONCLUSION The study demonstrated that the hospital charges and LOS associated with RTI varied by age, gender, socio-economic status, insurance status, injury characteristics and health outcomes of the patients. The results of the study provide information that can be of importance in the planning and design of road traffic injury control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Haghparast-Bidgoli
- Division of Global Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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